2019-2020年高三一诊模拟考试英语试题 含解析.doc

秘密启用前2019-2020年高三一诊模拟考试英语试题 含解析英 语 试 题 卷 xx. 1英语试题卷共9页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。、听力理解（共两节：每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Where is Linda now?A. In the womans office B. In the classroom C. In the library.2What would the man like to do?A. To visit his parents B. To drive to the countryside C. To travel to another country3What is the man going to do? A. Talk to more students B. Collect more information C. Work on a research paper.4Where can the man get the tickets? A. From the club B. From Susan C. From Tom.5. What does the woman mean? A. She is warm enough B. She has to study in C. She likes the idea.第二节（共15小题，每小题15分，满分225分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话。回答第6和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。6What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Police officers B. Manager and clerk C. Shop assistant and customer7What are the speakers going to do? A. Open a store B. Make a plan C. Have a meeting.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。8Whats the womans problem?A. She missed the wake-up callB. Her room telephone is out of orderC. She is unable to get her breakfast in time9Who is going to deal with the problem? A. The hotel manager B. A room attendant C. The woman herself10How does the woman feel about the hotel service? A. Sad B. Content C. Disappointed听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。11Where does the woman work?A. In a hospital B. In a lab C. On a farm12Which of the following does the woman do as an AHT? A. Produce medicine B. Bathe animals C. Do experiments13What does DrBlake say about the womans work? A. Its interesting B. Its unimportant C. Its helpful听下面一段对话。回答第14至第16三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。14What are the speakers talking about? A. Sea adventures B. Vacation plans C. Life at the Caribbean.15What has the woman paid close attention to? A. Weather reports B. International news C. Storm damage.16What do we learn about the mans experience? A. He was caught in a storm B. He visited storm-hit islands C. He made a voyage two weeks ago听下面一段独白。回答第17至第20四个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。17What was the womans job 10 years ago? A. A director in a pany B. A college teacher C. A writer18Who is the college girl mentioned in the talk? A. The speaker herself B. The speakers friend C. A clerk in the bookstore.19Why did the woman give up her job? A. She wanted more free time B. It was far from what she wanted C. College life was much more interesting20How does the woman feel now? A. Regretful B. Worried C. Satisfied、英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）【题文】21. I ordered coffee while I was waiting for 18:00 film.A. a; the B. /; a C. a; an D. the; /【答案】【知识点】A3 冠词【答案解析】A考查冠词，a/an表示泛指；the表示特指，点一杯咖啡，所以用冠词a，18:00 train表示特指的那辆火车，所以用定冠词the，句子意思“当我等18：00火车的时候我点了杯咖啡”，故选A项。【题文】22. - Karen, can I talk to you for a minute?- Sure, _? A. how e B. Whats up C. hows that D. what for【答案】【知识点】A17 情景交际【答案解析】B 考查情景交际。A. how e 怎么会；B. Whats up怎么了；C. hows that 你怎么看； D. what for为什么。句意：卡伦，可以跟你说句话吗？当然可以，怎么了，根据语境可知选B项。【题文】23 When I was young, I with my grandma for several years, which is unforgettable.A. lived B. have lived C. was lived D. had lived【答案】【知识点】A11 动词的时态与语态【答案解析】A 考查动词的时态。句意：在我小时候，我与外婆住过几年，这是我终生难忘的。Live是非延续性动词，故不能用现在完成时，故选A项。【题文】24. ,I cant express myself in words.A. So long as I am fond of her B. Unless I am fond of herC. Much as I am fond of her D. As I am fond of her very much【答案】【知识点】A16特殊句式【答案解析】C 考查句子结构。 依据主、从句之间的逻辑关系不难判断此处应表示让步。as引导让步状语时，可将副词提前构成部分倒装，故D项语序错误；so long as表示条件；now that表示原因，均不符合语境。题意:尽管我很喜欢她，但我无法用语言表达这份情感。【题文】25. I promise Shirley get a new iPod on her birthday. Will it be a big surprise to her?A. should B. must C. would D. shall【答案】【知识点】A10 情态动词【答案解析】D考查情态动词。句义：我答应你在你生日的那一天，你会得到一个新的ipad.把握关键词promise，许下诺言，根据shall的用法：一/三人称的陈述句表允诺，威胁，命令，警告，决心，所以排除A B C ,所以D正确。【题文】26.Could it be in the restaurant you had dinner with me yesterday you lost your handbag? A.that; which B.where; when C.where; that D.that; when【答案】【知识点】A15 定语从句【答案解析】C句意：你是在餐馆丢失你的手提袋吗？where you had dinner with me yesterday ，where引导定语从句，修饰并指代前面的名词the restaurant “你和我昨天吃饭的地方” where在从句中作地点状语 只能用关系副词where或者in+which ，不能单纯只用关系代词which或者that ，因为关系代词which或者that在定语从句中只能作主语、宾语。. it be . that 是强调句型 强调地点状语in the restaurant，选C。【题文】27. Leave me alone. I _ an article all the afternoon and havent finished yet. A. write B. have been writing C. have written D. wrote【答案】【知识点】A11 动词的时态与语态【答案解析】B 考查动词的时态。句意：让我一个人呆会，我整个上午都在写实验报告，我还没有定完。本意的关键词是all the morning整个早晨，该时间状语常常与现在完成进行时连用，故选B项。【题文】28. -Id like a wake-up call at 7:a.m.,please! - OK, _. A. help yourself B. youll certainly make it C. just do what you like D. Ill make sure you get one【答案】【知识点】A17 情景交际【答案解析】D 考查情景交际。A. help yourself 请自便；B. youll certainly make it你一定会成功的； C. just do what you like 做你喜欢做的事； D. Ill make sure you get one我能保证你会接到电话。句意：请给我订个七点钟的叫醒服务。好的，我保证你能撞到电话。根据语境可知选D项。【题文】29. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _ had used the products. A. who B. whoever C. whichever D. which【答案】【知识点】A6 连词【答案解析】B考查连词。句意：为了提高我们产品的质量，我们征求了用过的人的建议。这里是宾语从句，ask sb for suggestions,这里缺sb,就用代词whoever来代替。ask sb for suggestiongs是动词词组在整个句子中，who侧重于指事情，whoever=anyone who侧重于指人，故选B项。【技巧点拨】whoever用法。【典型总结】whoever引导主语从句时，意义相当于anyone who，即表示“任何人都”“谁谁就（都）”“不管是谁那都”。如：Whoever es will be wele. 谁来都欢迎。Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人想要这书都可以拿去注意，不要与whoever引导让步状语从句（=no matter who）时的用法相混淆。如：Whoever es, tell them to go away. 不管谁来，都叫他走。Im not opening the door, whoever you are. 不管你是谁，我不会开门的。【题文】30. Im glad to introduce Mr. Smith to you, without _ consideration our project would have ended in failure. A. whom B. his C. whose D. who【答案】【知识点】A15 定语从句【答案解析】C考查定语从句，句子意思“我非常感激史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我将从来不会走这一步”。固定词组without ones help意思“没有某人的注意”，引导句子，所以用whose， 故选C项。【题文】31. Did Vicky e back early last night? Yes. It was not yet nine oclock she arrived home.A. before B. when C. until D. that【答案】【知识点】A6 连词【答案解析】B考查状语从句。句意：昨晚维基回来的是吗？是的，他到家时，还没有九点。这是一个时间句型：it is/was+具体的时间+when引导的从句，表示当的时候，是时候，故选B项。【题文】32. I was blessed with a happy childhood, _ that most people would want to have. A. which B. it C. one D. that【答案】【知识点】A2 代词【答案解析】C考查不定代词。句意：我非常幸运地拥有一个幸福的童年，一段大多数人都希望拥有的美好时光。从结构可知空格处是同位语， that most people would want to have.是定语从句，it 不做同位语，排除B；而that不引导非限制性定语从句，排除D；前面名词a happy childhood是泛指概念，所以用one 指代a childhood，故选C项。【题文】33. Jeremy Lin works extremely hard. So he does. He is often seen heavily before his teammates have even arrived at practice.A. to be sweatedB. sweated C. be sweatedD. sweating【答案】【知识点】A9 非谓语动词【答案解析】D 考查短语。句意：杰米工作十分卖力。确实如此，在其它人实践之前他已经努力了许多了。根据句子结构可知，感觉动词see用于被动结构，选项A、C不可以用于这一结构中；选项B为被动意义，不成立；只有选项D(sweating)现在分词与be seen构成复合结构，强调状态，故选D项。【题文】34. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match. A. Should B. Would C. Will D. Were【答案】【知识点】A10 情态动词与虚拟语气【答案解析】A考查虚拟语气的省略和倒装。句意：如果明天下雨，我们就不得不取消足球比赛。根据主句的would have to，可知这是和将来相反的虚拟条件句，条件句的谓语可以用should do/did/Were to do，也可以省略if，提前should，were，但是如果是were的话，it后面要有to，故选A项。【技巧点拨】虚拟语气中的倒装 。【典型总结】虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were， should， 或had时， 可省略if，再把were， should或had 移到从句的句首，实行倒装。例如：Were they here now， they could help us. =If they were here now， they could help us.他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。Had you e earlier， you would have met him. =If you had e earlier， you would have met him.你来得早一点，就碰到他了。Should it rain， the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain， the crops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。例如：If I were you， I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。If he were here， everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。典型例题_ to do the work， I should do it some other day.A. If were I B. I wereC. Were ID. Was I答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were， should， had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前， 变成 were， should， had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do， 而不能说 Werent I to do.【题文】35. With some books badly needed _, she hurried to the bookstore. A. buying B. bought C. to buy D. buy【答案】【知识点】A16特殊句式【答案解析】C 考查with复合结构。句意：因为要买一些迫切需要的书，她匆忙地去了书店。Needed是分词做后置定语用来修饰some books，在with的复合结构中，some books是宾语，根据语境可知书还没有买，故用不定式做宾语补足语，故选C项。【技巧点拨】with复合结构用法。【典型总结】with复合结构的构成with+宾语+宾语补足语，构成with复合结构，宾语可以是名词或是代词，宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词。且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。1)With+宾语+介词短语Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.2)with+宾语+过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是被动关系)Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.3)with+宾语+现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主动关系)Withwinteringon，itstimetobuywarmclothes.4)with+宾语+todo(不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义)Icantgooutwithallthesedishestowash.5)with+宾语+形容词/副词WithJohnaway，wevegotmoreroom.Andersonwaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.第二节 完型填空（共20小题：每小题1. 5分，满分30分） 【题文】 ABeing alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason why astronauts on single space flights were given plenty of work to keep them 36 . They were also in constant munication with people on the earthHowever，being with people from whom you cannot get away might be even harder than being aloneThis is what 37 on long submarine(潜水艇)voyagesIt will also happen on 38 space flights in the future. Will there be special problem of 39 under such conditions? Scientists have studied the reactions of men to one another during long submarine voyagesThey have found that the longer the voyage 40 ，the more serious the problem of adjustment isWhen men are 41 up together for a long period，they begin to feel uneasyEveryone has little 42 of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may bee very 43 . Apparently，although no one wants to be alone all the time，everyone needs some 44 of privacy(隐私)Being together，theyre in what is called a stress situationThat means that they are under an unusual amount of 45 or stressPeople who are well-adjusted are able to 46 stress situations better than othersThat is one reason why so much care is taken in 47 our astronautsThese men undergo a long period of testing and trainingOne of the things tested is their behavior under stress36. A. tiredB. asleepC. awakeD. occupied37. A. carries B. happensC. agreesD. obtains38. A. long B. fastC. dangerousD. direct39.A. encouragementB. adjustmentC. entertainmentD. improvement40. A. stopsB. restsC. lastsD. delays41. A. shutB. heldC. broughtD. picked42.A. adviceB. advantagesC. strengthsD. habits43. A. pleasingB. annoyingC. monD. valuable44. A. patternB. degreeC. typeD. species45. A. pleasureB. conflictC. powerD. pressure46. A. handleB. createC. affectD. conduct47. A. beingB. choosingC. orderingD. promoting【答案】【知识点】B4 说明文【文章综述】独自一人在太空中飞行让人感到孤独、压抑。科学家门研究发现，长时间乘坐潜水艇航行，需要对情绪作一些调整，否则就会处于一种长期的压抑状态中。在挑选飞行员时，要选那些心理素质好的，训练时特别注意他们处于压抑状态中的反应 【答案解析】36. D考查形容词辨析A. tired累的；B. asleep睡觉；C. awake醒来；D. occupied忙着； 让独自进行太空飞行的宇航员有事情可做，使他们处于忙碌的状态（不至于感到孤独），故选D项。37. B考查动词辨析A. carries携带；B. happens发生；C. agrees同意；D. obtains 获得；句意：这事也发生在潜水艇航行中。根据语境可知选B项。38. A考查形容词辨析A. long 长的；B. fast快的；C. dangerous危险的；D. direct直接的；上文“This is what happened on long”已暗示，故选A项39.B考查名词辨析A. encouragement鼓励；B. adjustment适应；C. entertainment娱乐；D. improvement提高；句意：在这种条件下会有适应的问题吗?根据语境可知选B项。40. C考查动词辨析A. stops停止；B. rests休息；C. lasts持续；D. delays耽误；句意：他们发现航行持续的时间越长，适应的问题就越多。根据语境可知选C项。41. A考查动词辨析hold up劫持；bring up 抚养；pick up 让某人搭车。shut up关闭，封闭。当人们被封闭的时候，就会开始感到不安，故选A项。42.D考查名词辨析A. advice建议；B. advantages优点；C. strengths优点；D. habits习惯；句意：每人都会有一些不被接受的习惯和行为。根据语境可知选D项。43. B考查形容词辨析；pleasing“讨人喜欢的”；annoying“使人烦恼的”；mon“常见的”；valuable“有价值的”文中指的是“一开始，几个人可以相互接受对方的一些习惯，但长时间后，可能会觉得这比较烦人”，故选B项。44. B考查名词辨析A. pattern方式；B. degree程度；C. type类型；D. species品种；句意：很显然，尽管没有人喜欢孤独，但需要一定程度的隐私。根据语境可知选B项。45. D考查名词辨析A. pleasure快乐；B. conflict矛盾；C. power力量；D. pressure压力；句意：这就意味着他们处于不同的寻常的压力之下。根据stress可知选D项。46. A考查动词辨析。handle= deal with“处理”；create“创造”；affect“影响”；investigate“调查; 句意 “能很好地调整心态的人能比其他人很好地处理具有压力的局面”，故选A项。47.B 考查动词辨析。bee成为；order预订；promote促进，促使。根据上文，心理素质好的人比别人更能很好地应对压抑（stress situations）。在挑选飞行员的时候要特别注意这一点。【题文】BOne British school is finding that allowing children to listen to music or even to have the TV on while studying is helping improve gradesNext time your teenager starts a family quarrel by sitting in an armchair listening to music while doing his homework，why not 48 a simple experiment? Rather than taking the heavy-handed(严厉的)line of 49 him to his bedroom to get on with it 50 ，let him do the homework the way he wantsYou might well find that his essay is more sparkling(有文采的)than 51 hes done before.According to a research，around 20of youngsters 52 best with background music，10 stand out when allowed to break up their work with short walks around the room while up to 80 can concentrate 53 if allowed to fiddle(用手拨弄)with a small objectThe research has advised the school to adopt a plete 54 approach, analyzing pupils to discover which learning style 55 them best then letting them do their work listening to music or even lying down.48.A. takeB. tryC. formD. allow49.A. causingB. advisingC. orderingD. permitting50.A. quicklyB. quietlyC. carefullyD. steadily51.A. everythingB. somethingC. nothingD. anything52.A. workB. relaxC. thinkD. progress53.A. fasterB. deeperC. betterD. worse54.A. newB. specialC. monD. interesting55.A. interestsB. affectsC. suitsD. improves【答案】【知识点】B3 议论文【文章综述】文章通过一项最新研究说明，孩子在做作业时听音乐不仅不会影响孩子的学习和进步，反而会有利于孩子集中精力，学得更好。 【答案解析】48.B考查动词辨析A. take带走；B. try尝试；C. form形成；D. allow允许； try an experiment当做实验讲，故选B项。49.C考查动词辨析A. causing导致；B. advising建议；C. ordering命令；D. permitting 允许；由前面严厉的措辞可知，此处是命令孩子，故选C项。50.B考查副词辨析A. quickly快速地；B. quietly安静地；C. carefully小心地；D. steadily平稳地； 不让孩子听音乐，也就是让孩子安静地做作业，故选B项。51.D考查不定代词辨析A. everything一切 ；B. something一些；C. nothing什么也没骨；D. anything任何事情；anything当任何事情讲，此处是强调音乐的作用，故选D项。52.A考查名词辨析A. work工作；B. relax放松；C. think思考；D. progress 进步；work工作，此处说明孩子学习时的整个状态。其他三个选项在意义上不够全面，故选A项。53.C考查形容词比较级；A. faster快速的；B. deeper更深的；C. better更好的；D. worse 更糟糕的；本句指孩子在有音乐时能更好地集中注意力。worse与题意相悖,其他两项意义具有片面性，故选C项。54.A考查形容词辨析A. new新；B. special特殊的；C. mon普通的；D. interesting 有趣的；让孩子听着音乐做作业，这是一种新的方式，故选A项。55.C考查动词辨析A. interests使感兴趣；B. affects影响；C. suits适合；D. improves提高；让孩子选择最适合自己的学习方式，suit适合，符合题意。III、阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分）【题文】AThe African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to African ecosystem(生态系统). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna(大草原)surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat(栖息地). It is the elephants great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters. Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests bee suitable for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as well. What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has bee an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem. 56. What is the passage mainly about? A. Disappearance of African elephants. B. Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants. C. The effect of African elephants search for food. D. The eating habit of African elephants. 57. What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean? A. Fixing the time. B. Worsening the state. C. Improving the quality. D. Deciding the conditions. 58. What do we know about the open spaces in the passage? A. They result from the destruction of rain forests. B. They provide food mainly for African elephants. C. They are home to many endangered animals. D. They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds. 59. The passage is developed mainly by _.A. showing the effect and then explaining the causes B. pointing out similarities and differences C. describing the changes in space order D. giving examples 【答案】【知识点】C8 科普知识类【文章综述】本文主要讲述的就是在非洲草原的生物链中大象的重要作用，它不断的寻找食物拓宽了其它动物的生存空间等 【答案解析】56.C主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的就是在非洲草原的生物链中大象的重要作用，它不断的寻找食物拓宽了其它动物的生存空间等。故C正确57.D推理题。根据文章3，4,5行As a big planteater, it largely shapes the forestandsavanna (稀树草原) surroundings in which it lives, thereforesetting the termsof existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.说明非洲大象塑造了草原的环境，也决定了其它的动物的生存的条件。故D项正确。58.D细节题。根据文章This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other planteaters.说明开放的空间对于其它的食草动物也很重要。故D项正确。59.A 推理题。本文主要通过描述大象的行为带来的具体的影响以及对这些影响的原因的解释。故A正确 【题文】BWhen a Swedish ship that sank in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm, historians and scientists were overjoyed with the chance to examine the remains of the past. The ship construction showed how ships were built and operated during the seventeenth century. In this way, artifacts, objects made by human beings, provided a picture of daily life almost 400 years ago. Underwater archaeology-the study of ships, aircraft and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of water-is really a product of the last 50 years. The rapid growth of this new area of study has occurred because of the invention of better diving equipment .Besides the Swedish ship wreck(残骸），underwater archaeologists have made more exciting discoveries such as the 5000-year-old boats in the Mediterranean Sea.Underwater archaeology can provide facts about th