2019-2020年高中英语 unit2 people on the move-reading学案 牛津译林版选修10.doc

2019-2020年高中英语 unit2 people on the move-reading学案 牛津译林版选修101. In this edition of American Living, we are looking at some population trends in the USA. (P18) 在这一版的美国生活中，我们讨论美国人口趋向。1). trendnoun C1 a general development or change in a situation or in the way that people are behaving:趋势；Theres been a downward/upward trend in sales in the last few years.2. a new development in clothing, make-up, etc: 流行趋势、时尚；The trend at the moment is towards a more natural and less made-up look.trend 与tendency 辨析：tendency仅仅指趋向，如：she has the tendency to work late. trend强调要变化或发展的趋势，如：fashion trend流行趋势；The trend is toward working longer hours for less money. 从中可见，tendency指的是倾向，trend指发展、变化趋势，具有动态含义。tendency比trend更抽象化 trend: n. 趋势,倾向,方位 v. 倾向 例句与用法: 1. The prices of houses are trending upwards. 房价趋于上涨。 2. The youth like to follow the latest trends in fashion. 年轻人喜好追求最新的流行款式。 3. The trend of prices is still upwards. 物价仍有上涨趋势。 4. The runaway inflation would seem to put the brakes on such a trend. 失控的通货膨胀似乎阻止这一趋势的发展。 5. This quartet represents a major new trend in modern music. 这首四重奏的曲子反映了现代音乐中一种主要的新趋向. tendency: n. 趋势,倾向 例句与用法: 1. There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices. 人们在家里而不是在办公室里工作的趋势日益增长。 2. She has artistic tendencies. 她有艺术气质。 3. A tendency to revert to a former state. 反动希望回到过去状态的趋势 4. He had a tendency to shrink up whenever attention was focused on him. 当别人注意他时，他就会退缩一旁。 2. Throughout the Midwest and the North-east, people aged 60 and over are packing their bags and heading south along the freeway to states like Florida. (P18)在整个中西部和东北部地区，60岁及60岁以上的人们正在收拾他们的行囊，沿着高速公路向南行进到类似佛罗里达州这样的州去。1). people aged 60aged: a past participle used as an attributive Eg. a building built on the coast相关高考试题：1. (xx北京) The prize of the game show is $30000 and an all expenses _ vacation to China.A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid 2.（xx上海）Dont use words, expressions, or phrases_ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known3.（xx春招）Prices of daily goods_ through a puter can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying4. （xx浙江）Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining pany, _ as 3M. A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known5.（xx上海）The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded6. (xx 上海)The Town Hall _ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time.A. to be pletedB. having been pleted C. pleted D. being pleted7. (xx 湖南卷)“Things _ never e again!” I couldnt help talking to myself. A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. be lost 答案及解析：1. B 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A3. For some of this people, the move is permanent and year-round, but for others, it is only seasonal. (P18)对其中一些人来说，搬迁是永久的、常年的；但对另一些人来说，这是季节性的。1). permanentlasting for a long time or forever: 永久的、常年的;She is looking for a permanent place to stay.Are you looking for a temporary or a permanent job?The disease can cause permanent damage to the brain.2 describes something that exists or happens all the time: 经常性的；Mont Blanc has a permanent snow cap.Our office is in a permanent state of chaos.4. This group account for nearly 18 percent of the states population. 这个人群大约占到该州人口的18%(P18)1). accountaccount for sth (BE) phrasal verbto form the total of something: 占比例；Students account for the vast majority of our customers.account (BANK) (ALSO bank account)an arrangement with a bank to keep your money there and to allow you to take it out when you need to: 帐户；Ive opened an account with a building society.I paid the money into my account this morning.account (REASON) on account of sth because of something: 因为、由于He doesnt drink alcohol on account of his health.5. So it is not surprising that Floridas Charlotte County is known as the oldest place in the USA. 因此也就不奇怪佛罗里达州的夏洛特县北被认为是美国最老的地方。(P18)1). the usage of “it”It is used as a formal subject; the real object of the sentence is that Floridas Charlotte County is known as the oldest place in the USA相关高考试题：1.（xx湖南）As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. A. this B. that C. one D. it 2.（xx浙江）_ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A. As B. That C. This D. It 3.（xx全国I）If I can help_, I dont like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them 4.（xx山东）Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the puter. A. that B. it C. this D. you 5. (xx全国I/II) The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A. that B. it C. this D. him 6.(xx 天津) He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A. this B. that C. it D. that 7. (xx 山东)_ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.A. This B. That C. What D. It 8. (xx 全国卷II) _ felt funny watching myself on TV. A. OneB. ThisC. It D. That答案及解析：1. D 2. D 3. C 如果可以的话； 4. B 5. B 6.C 7. D 8. C 6. The question is, though, why are so many people retiring and spending their pensions in Florida. 但问题是，为什么这么多的人退休后要去佛罗里达州，并且把他们的养老金花在那里呢？ (P18)1). pension noun Ca sum of money paid regularly by the government or a private pany to a person who does not work any more because they are too old or they have bee ill: 养老金，救济金；They find it hard to live on their state pension.He wont be able to draw (= receive) his pension until hes 65.pensionera person who receives a pension, especially the government pension given to old people: 养老金获得者；Students and pensioners are entitled to a discount.2). though conjunction；despite the fact that: 尽管She hasnt phoned, even though she said she would.but: 但是Theyre ing next week, though I dont know which day.adverb；despite this: 尽管、然而We were at school together. I havent seen her for years though.相关高考试题：1. (xx江苏)-How is everything going on with you in Europe?-Quite well. Not so smoothly as I hoped, _.A. though B. instead C. either D. too 2. (xx 全国卷II)_ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. A. If B. Since C. Though D. When3. (xx 上海卷)Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _ they are not managed carefully. A. thoughB. before C. until D. if答案及解析：1. A 2. A. 3. D3). predicative clause(In grammar, especially of adjectives or phrases) following a verb such as be, get, bee, seem, look. If a clause is used as a predicative, it is called a predicative clause.相关高考试题：1.（xx全国I）See the flags on top of the building? That was_ we did this morning. A. when B. which C. where D. What 2. (xx江苏) -Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York?-I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what 3. (xx 上海)Perseverance is a kind of qualityand thats _ it takes to do anything well.A. what B. that C. which D. why4. (xx 上海)The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. A. when B. why C. whether D. that5. (xx 浙江)Why not try your lick downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are.A. where B. what C. when D. why 答案及解析：1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A7. As the number of older Americans moving there increase, more changes are made to cater to them. (P18)然而，随着搬迁到那里的老年美国人增多，更多的变化发生了，以照顾到他们的需要。1). cater verb I or T to provide, and sometimes serve, food:Im catering for twelve on Sunday, all the family are ing.Which firm will be catering at the wedding reception?US Who catered your party?Cater 相关短语：cater for sb/sth phrasal verb to provide what is wanted or needed by someone or something: 迎合、满足The club caters for children between the ages of 4 and 12.cater to sb/sth phrasal verbto try to satisfy a need, especially an unpopular unacceptable need: 迎合、满足需要This legislation simply caters to racism.8. Maybe Ill move to a small town when my partner and I get married, but for now, I want to have fun. (P19)或许当我的爱人和我结婚的时候，我将搬到小城镇，但是现在，我想享受快乐。”1). get marriedverb L + past participle getting, got, got or US gotten sometimes used instead of be to form the passive:Theyre getting married later this year.This window seems to have got broken.相关高考试题：1. (xx北京春)Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _ run over by a car.A. have B. get C. bee D. turn 2. (xx 全国春)- How are the team playing?- Theyre playing well, but one of them hurt.A. got B. gets C. are D. were3. (xx全国)As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends.A. separatedB. sparedC. lostD. missed答案及解析: 1. B 被碾、被撞 2. A 受伤 3. A 被分开9. Angela, 21, adds, Id love to stay in the munity where I grew up, but there are no career opportunities there. (P19)21岁的安杰拉补充道：“我挺乐意住在我长大的社区里，但是那里没有任何事业机会。1). addadd verb I or T to put something with something else to increase the number or amount or to improve the whole:加，求和If you add (= calculate the total of) three and four you get seven.Beat the butter and sugar together and slowly add the eggs.Her colleagues laughter only added to (= increased) her embarrassment.addition noun C or U Twice a week the children are tested in basic mathematical skills such as addition (= calculating the total of different numbers put together) and subtraction.In addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland.additional 附加的、额外的；adjective extra:additional costs/problemsThere will be an extra charge for any additional passengers.add 常用短语：add (sth) up phrasal verb Mto calculate the total of two or more numbers: 合计、累加；If you add those four figures up, it es to over 500.She added the bill up.add up to sth (AMOUNT) phrasal verb 总计；to bee a particular amount:The various building programmes add up to several thousand new homes.We thought wed bought lots of food, but it didnt add up to much when wed spread it out on the table.add fuel to the fire/flames to make an argument or bad situation worse: 让更糟糕The discovery that the government was aware of the cover-up has really added fuel to the fire.相关高考试题：1. xx北京）There have been several new events _ to the program for the xx Beijing Olympic Games. A. add B. to add C. adding D. added答案及解析: D10. I have to go where the big panies are because I want to be a top accountant, not a database clerk. Thats why Ill move to Los Angeles when I graduate from university. 我必须到大公司所在的地方，因为我想成为顶尖的会计师，而不是数据库职员。那就是为什么当我大学毕业的时候我要搬到洛杉矶。” (P19)1) I have to go where the big panies are;Thats why Ill move to Los Angeles when I graduate from universityAdverbial clause相关高考试题：1.（xx湖南）I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps. A. while B. when C. since D. after2.（xx天津）If you are traveling_the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A. in which B. what C. when D. where3.（xx辽宁）He was about halfway through his meal_ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while4.（xx四川）-Mom, what did your doctor say?-He advised me to live _ the air is fresher. A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where5. (xx福建) -Did Jack e back early last night? - Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home.A. before B. when C. that D. until 6.(全国I/II)It wasnt until nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply. A. since B. when C. as D. that 答案及解析:1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. B 11. Living in a city is really much better for my career than living in a small town.生活在大城市对我的事业有好处。(P21)1). parative and superlative degree of adjective and adverbsparative degree: expressing a greater degree or “more”, eg better, worse, slower, more difficult. Superlative: of adjective s or adverbs expressing the highest or a very high degree, eg best, slowest, and most difficult.相关高考试题：1.（xx江苏 ）I wish youd do _ talking and some more work. Thus things will bee better. A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more2.（xx安徽）Of the two sisters, Betty is_one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet. A. a younger B. a youngestC. the younger D. the youngest3.（xx四川）-Did you enjoy yourself at the party?-Yes. Ive never been to_one before. A. a more excited B. the most excited C. a more exciting D. the most exciting4.（xx陕西）I used to earn _ than a pound a week when I first started work. A. less B. fewer C. a few D. little5. (xx 全国II)After two years research, we now have a _ better understanding of the disease. A. very B. farC. fairlyD. quite6. (xx 全国II)Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his _ one. A. better-known B. well-known C. best-known D. most-known7. (xx 上海)Alan is a careful driver, but he drives _ of my friends. A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully8. (xx 北京)The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _.A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest9. (xx 江西)The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted _if it had been put in the fridge for a little while. A. good B. better C. best D. well答案及解析：1. A 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. B12. I dont like one more than the other. （P21）我并不偏向于更喜欢哪一个。1). More thanMore than More than的用法总结 A. “More than名词”表示“多于”、“非但尤其是”如：1) Modern science is more than a large amount of information.2) Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. B. “More than数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如：3) I have known David for more than 20 years.4) Lets carry out the test with more than the sample copy. C. “More than形容词”等于“很”或“非常”的意思，如：5) In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments.6) I assure you I am more than glad to help you. D. 在“More.than.”中，肯定“more”后面的而否定“than”后面的，约等于“是而不是”如：7) The difference between pure linguistics and applied linguistics is more apparent than real.8) This book seems to be more a manual than a text.9) Catherine is more diligent than intelligent.10) Hearing the loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened. E. “More than”或“More.than.”含“can”的分句时表示“否定意”，如：11) Thats more than I can do.12) Dont bite off more than you can chew.13) In delivering his lecture, Jason makes sure not to include more things than the students can understand. F. “No more.than.”表示“不；不如”，如：14) I can no more do that than anyone else.15) A learner can no more obtain knowledge without reading than a farmer can get good harvest without ploughing.”“No more.than.”的语义，也可用“not any more than.”来取代，因此 15 可以变成 16。16) A learner cannot. any more than. “more than”也在一些惯用语中出现，如：17) More often than not （经常），people tend to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give.18) All of us are more than a little concerned about（非常关心）the current economic problems. 1. (xx 福建) Do you need any help, Lucy?Yes, The job is I could do myself. A. less than B. more thanC. no more than D. not more than答案及解析： 1. B