2019-2020年高考英语复习 名词VS代词教案.doc

2019-2020年高考英语复习 名词VS代词教案名词一、定义：一切物体的名称二、分类，名词单复数（主谓一致），所有格的用法(边复习边讲)分类：专有名词和普通名词 专有名词 人名 地名 某些人和事物专有的名词Bill Gates UGG 普通名词 boot数 系统复习 1. 规则名词单复数变化:（1）一般的词，包括元音字母加y结尾的词，直接在词尾加s（2）以-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的词在词尾加es（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加es（4）以f或fe结尾的词，应变f或fe为v再加-es2. 不规则名词单复数变化:（1）单复数同形:Sheep, deer, fish, means, （2）改变字母：Man -men, woman -women, （3）增加字母: Child -children, ox oxen（4）以o结尾的词：加s: Photo, piano, 加es: Tomato, potato, hero, （5）以f或fe结尾的词: 直接加s：roof, proof, belief, 变f为v再加es：Life, wife, 主谓一致 (是一个专题，以后再讲)所有格的用法s属格; of属格; 双重属格; 表示“某人自己的”的属格 s属格：只用于表示有生命的人或物的名词Harrys cousin（单数）the students college（复数）Harry and Dudleys house（共同拥有）Harrys and Dudleys rooms（分别拥有）of属格： 多用于无生命现象的名词， 也可用于有生命现象的名词； king of Pop流行之王Michael Jacksona picture of Harry 哈利（本人）的照片a picture of Harrys 哈利（拥有的照片中的）一张照片双重属格： 结构：s（所有）和of（部分与整体）Eg a magic stick of Harrys表示“某人自己的”的属格: 结构：of ones own 例如：This is the magic stick of my own.三、名词的作用作主语（句首）结构：n+v 作表语（句尾）结构：be/系动词+n作宾语或宾补（对宾语的补充说明）结构：v+n;n+n作定语结构：n+nSnow boots名词作定语时, 通常用单数形式;但在个别情况下也有用复数的.City streets(地点)A roof garden（地点）Winter holidays（时间）A peace conference（目的或用途）A love story（种类）Stone walls（原料或来源）man doctormen doctors 男医生woman singerwomen singers 女歌手作状语(放在句尾)作同位语结构：N (,) +n (,); pron. +nThe boy is Harry Potter.(主语) （表语）He has a magic stick. （定语）He made the college his home. （宾语） （宾补）Demon Voldemort came to kill him one day.（状语）Harry potter, our hero, killed Voldemort. (同位语)We students should learn from him.（同位语）代词一、 定义：除了可以代替名词外，也可代替其他词的词二、 分类 人称代词 主格和宾格 我你他她它（单复）物主代词 单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格Iyouhe she itweyouthey宾格meyouhim her itusyouthem指示代词 this that these those反身代词 help oneself to随便吃用相互代词 each other we can see each other不定代词 三、 代词的用法之指示代词、不定代词和it指示代词this，that，these，those1) This(这)和these（这些）前面讲过的 that（那）和those（那些）下面即将讲的 I want this book, not that book.These flowers those flowers She told me that story.I want to tell you this story.3)在比较句型中,that （单数）/those（复数）常用来代表前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词 The weather of Australia is quite different from that of ChinaThese machines are better than those we turned out last year. 练习：38.The factorys output of cars this year is (大约是去年的三倍).(as, great) （湖北08年）.About three times as great as that of last year Equipped with modern facilities, todays libraries differ greatly from _. A. the past one B. the past C. which of the past D. those of the past 5D考查代词的用法。此处those相当于the libraries，those用于比较句型，有后置定语of the past。故选D。不定代词（分组）（题目）1、 one(s);The one(s)(同类)无“the”泛指；有“the”特指练习：I have lost my phone, Im going to buy one. I have a new phone and several old ones.There are five kinds of phone. The one in red is my favorite.There are many phones . The ones in red I like the best.总结：one指上文的单数人或物，“同一类中的一个”。 the one 指上文的单数可数名词，“同类的那/这一个。” ones指上文的复数人或物，“同类中的许多”。the ones指上文的复可名,“同类中的那/这一些”。2 、两者三者肯定Eachbotheveryall否定Eitherneitheranynoneevery 全体的，each个体both (两者都)，either (两者中任何一个)， neither (两者都不)注意 both与复数连用，either与单数连用Both of them are tall.Either of the two is tall.Neither of the two is tall.Every student in our school works hard. Each student may have one book.all (所有的，全部的人或物)，any (任何一个)， none (都不) All the flowers are gone. I dont like any of the flowers. I like none of the flowers.On which day shall we go outing in the Qiagling Mountains, Friday, Saturday or Sunday? is all right.AEither BBoth CAll DAny Both of the sofas they ordered online arrived, but fit through the doorway.AnoneBnorCneitherDeither2、 another / other / the other / others / the others无“the”泛指，有“the”特指another泛指“另一个，再一个”，others泛指“别人或别的物”，other(+单可名)指其他的，另外的the other(+单可名)特指两者中的另一个,the others指在某些人或物中，除去一部分后，“其余的”“剩下的”人或物。Eg Tomorrow is another day.Shut the other eye, please. 检查视力Other people Others may not think that way. 别的人可能不这样想。 You are beautiful than the others the other students in our class. 4、few, little, a few, a little,(a) few + 可名, (a) little + 不可名a few / a little 肯定，还有一点few / little否定，没有多少了。 Eg He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。 He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。 We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。 There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。Although hes wealthy，he spends _ on clothes. A. little B. fewC. a little D. a few5、every-, some-,any-,no-与thing,-one,-body构成的复合不定代词something 肯 anything 否 疑 条 everything 肯 疑 否（部分）nothing 陈述句 表否定 不能与否定词连用eg There is something wrong with my puter. could you do something for me？ There isnt anything inside. I hope everything goes well. Money isnt everything. He said nothing when he heard the news.75.After she pletes the project, shell have _（没什么要担心的）.(worry)（10）nothing to worry about/no more worriesIt的用法 用作人称代词，指代前文或后文提过的事物This is not my book, it is Marys. 代替指示代词this或that Whats this? Its a dictionary 指时间，距离，天气 Whats the time now? Its ten. 指代整个句子的内容 Our team won the football match .Have you heard about it?