2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 3 Back to the past教案 牛津译林版必修3.doc

2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 3 Back to the past教案 牛津译林版必修3【美文阅读】Exploring the lost civilizations of the world在地球上，存在着各种各样没落的文明。其中既有神秘莫测的金字塔文明，又有消失的各种古城文明。众多的古城遗址究竟在哪里呢？一起来探索一下吧！Some of them nestle(半隐半现地处于)in the jungle on a mountain.Some of them are found in the middle of a modern city.The remains of these lost civilizations are just waiting to be explored!Machu Picchu(马丘比丘)is the lost city of the Incas(印加文明)Over the centuries，the city was covered in dense jungle，but in 1911，the explorer Hiram Bingham rediscovered the city in Peru and brought it to the worlds attention.Tikal(蒂卡尔)may be the oldest of the Mayan cities.Located in northern Guatemala(危地马拉)，the sites of Tikal National Park became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.According to historical research，the population of Tikal changed from 10,000 to as high as 90,000，making it one of the largest centers and archaeological(考古学的)sites of the Mayan civilization.The city was deserted in 900 AD when the Maya moved elsewhere.MohenjoDaro(摩亨左达罗)is an important city of Harappan civilization(哈拉帕文明)The city dates back to 2600 BC，making it one of the worlds earliest major archaeological sites.After it was discovered in 1922 in Pakistan，people were surprised to find that there was a sewage system(污水处理系统)in the city.There is an underwater city of Yonaguni(与那国)in Japan.Off the southern shore of Okinawa，some huge stone structures lie under 20 to 100 feet of water.Many people believe they have been built by some ancient civilization.【诱思导学】完成下面表格(每空一词)Lost CitiesLocationsCivilizationsMachu Picchu1. Incan civilizationTikalGuatemala2. civilizationMohenjoDaro3. 4. civilizationUnderwater city of Yonaguni5. Some ancient civilization【答案】1.Peru2.Mayan3.Pakistan4.Harappan5.JapanPeriod Previewing(教师用书独具)教学目标本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，为下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。教学地位本课时主要讲述人类消失的文明，其中阅读部分是一名加拿大学生记叙的在意大利的庞贝和中国的楼兰两地的旅行见闻及感受。以日记的方式让人身临其境，更好地体现单元中心话题。教师要利用课文培养学生阅读日记的技巧；培养学生有效运用阅读策略的能力；提高阅读能力。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议1)从建筑谈起，用多媒体展示学生熟知的中国文化的代表性建筑，如：故宫、颐和园、天坛等古代建筑，并扩展到谈论世界文化，使学生易于接受。2)教师利用多媒体播放古代建筑的图画，使学生对人类古代文明产生直观的感性认识。有利于调动学生的学习兴趣。3)呈现本单元的部分词汇。为熟悉本课的词汇和内容作铺垫。教学流程设计导入新课。学生阅读“美文阅读”与“诱思导学”(见学案第45页)。学生就“美文阅读”进行讨论，统一答案。学生再次阅读课文(课本第4243页)并完成“语篇理解”(见学案第46页)。师生共同讨论并统一答案。让学生快速阅读课文，(见课本4243页)并完成“篇章结构”(见学案第46页)。学生共同讨论，并让学生发表各自见解，最后统一答案。学生再次仔细阅读课文，(课本4243 页)进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第46页)。老师指导学生讨论，共同找出答案。让学生根据所给出的表格进行自我评估(见学案第47页)。学生讨论，并让学生代表发表他们讨论得出的答案。老师予以更正。让学生完成“知识初探”部分(见学案第4647页)。老师布置作业，让学生完成课本第44页C1，C2，D1，D2四题，预习学案Period (见学案第4753页)。.篇章结构阅读P4243的Reading部分，完成下列表格(每空1词)Lost civilizationsDay 1(15th July)Planing to visit Pompeii and Loulan，both of which became lost 1. a long time agoDay 2(16th July)Attending a 2. and learning more about the history of Pompeiiwhen it was 3. ，when and how it disappearedDay 3(17th July)Visiting Pompeii，which was forgotten for many yearsSeeing several houses 4. with wall paintings and the bodies of people who failed to 5. when the volcano 6. Day 10(24th July)Visiting Loulan，a 7. point on the famous Silk Road between the East and the West，which was covered by 8. from AD 200 to AD 400Day 11(25th July)Getting more information about Loulan by listening to Professor ZhangSeeing lots of things that the city had，including the water 9. Learning about the causes that 10. in the citys disappearance【答案】1.civilizations2.lecture3.founded4.decorated5.flee/escape6.erupted7.stopping8.sandstorms9.system10.resulted.语篇理解阅读P4243的Reading部分，选择最佳答案1Which is the order of the trip route?aItalybPompeiicLoulanAa，b，cBa，c，bCb，a，c2Among the following statements，which is TRUE about Pompeii?AIt was once a rich city of Italy.BIt was buried about xx years ago，but now it has restored its prosperity.CIt was buried on 24th August AD.89.3From the view of the Pompeii city，we can see .Athe whole city was well designed at that timeBthe ever existing civilization and development of the cityCboth A and B4Which of the following is the leading cause of Loulans being deserted?AAsh and rocks.BSandstorms.CThe perdition(毁灭)of the natural environment around.5Pompeii and Loulan are almost the same in many ways except that .Athey once were the most flourish cities in the world，but now deserted onesBthey were all destroyed directly by the force of natureCthey were found by peasants【答案】1.A2.A3.C4.C5.C.课文缩写用所给单词的适当形式完成课文缩写gradually；pour；civilization；unfortunate；erupt；ruin；but；lecture；found；fleeI felt lucky to win the chance to take the trip to Pompeii and Loulan，both of which became lost 1. long ago.Before visiting Pompeii, we attended a 2. about the ancient Roman city, which was 3. in the 8th century BC.On 24th August AD 79，the volcano，which was near the city, 4. and lava, ash and rocks5. out of it.All the people who failed to 6. were buried alive，and so was the city.How 7. ！After several days of traveling, we arrived in Loulan.This was a small, 8. mercial city which existed about 2,000 years ago.It is believed to have been 9. covered over by sandstorms.Around the year 1900 the European explorer Sven Hedin discovered the 10. of the Loulan Kingdom.【答案】1.civilizations2.lecture3.founded 4.erupted5.poured6.flee7.unfortunate8.but9.gradually10.ruins.词义搭配1disasterAblow up or burst2gradually Ba paper that gives information3ruin Cgreat misfortune4beneath Dhappening slowly, not suddenly5explode Eescape；leave quickly6remains Fbelow；directly under7document Gdestroy8flee Hparts that are left【答案】1.C2.D3.G4.F5.A6.H7.B8.E.短语填空break down；take over；pour out；turn out；result in；decorate.with.；run through；put.under protection1I have the columns of the newspaper.2Carefully and slowly he the beer .3The virus caused the puter to and it needed repairing.4As had been expected，his youngest daughter his pany after he retired.5On important occasions，the schools balloons，ribbons and flowers.6The historical and cultural relics of this area have been .【答案】1.run through2.poured；out3.break down4.took over5.are decorated with6.put under protection.句型背诵1Next week we are flying to China，and going to Loulan，which is known as Chinas Pompeii in the desert.下周我们将飞往中国，前往楼兰众所周知的“沙漠中的中国庞贝”。2Many people were buried alive，and so was the city.How unfortunate!许多人被活埋了，整座城市也一样。多么不幸呀！3People started to dig in the area for treasure，which caused much damage.人们开始在这个地区挖掘金银财宝，造成了很大的破坏。4Near the city was a volcano.在城市附近有一座火山。5A saying goes that Rome wasnt built in a day.俗话说“罗马非一日建成”。Period Wele to the unit & Reading(教师用书独具)教学目标(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。(3)通过对这些词汇的学习能够更深层次地理解课文，再通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。教学地位学生需要打好牢固的基础，对本单元里的重点单词、短语及句型的用法牢牢掌握，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议教师可以以检查上堂课所布置的作业导入课堂。教学流程设计老师检查上堂课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。导入新课。让学生就“课堂互动探究”(见学案第4753页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。让学生再次阅读课文(课本第 4243 页)以加深对所学单词与短语的理解。老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。让学生完成“自我评估”(学案第53页)。布置作业。让学生完成课本第 45 页 E、F题，“课时作业”和预习Period (见学案第5359页)。1I feel lucky to have won a place on this trip.(P42)能够赢得这次旅行的一个名额，我感到自己很幸运。I am so excited to be here！(P43)来到这里我很兴奋！(1)句中情感类形容词lucky后接不定式短语的完成式to have won a place on this trip作原因状语，不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前，所以用了动词不定式的完成式；句中情感类形容词excited后接不定式短语to be here作原因状语。We shall be very happy to cooperate with you in this project.能在此项目中与你们合作，我们非常高兴。He is very happy for his son to have made such great progress.儿子取得了非常大的进步，他高兴坏了。(不定式的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前)I am willing to help you.我很乐意帮助你。Lisa was sorry to have done that to him.对他做了那样的事，莉萨觉得很后悔。完成句子对不起，让你久等了。Im sorry to .很荣幸应邀来到这里。Im glad here.见到你我很高兴。Im glad .【答案】have kept you waitingto be invited here to meet you2Next week we are flying to China，and going to Loulan，which is known as Chinas Pompeii in the desert.(P42)下周我们将飞往中国，前往楼兰众所周知的“沙漠中的中国庞贝”。句中are flying是用现在进行时表将来，表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，这种用法仅限于少数动词，如arrive，e，go，have，start，leave，stay，fly，move等。Bob is going with me to the airport.鲍勃将和我一起去机场。He is leaving for London next week.他下周要去伦敦。They are moving to the new house next month.他们将于下月迁入新居。翻译句子他明天下午到这个城市。 你何时动身去上海？ 飞机就要起飞了。 【答案】He is arriving in this city tomorrow afternoon.When are you leaving for Shanghai?The plane is taking off.3take over接管，接任；占领，夺取；占上风In 89 BC，the Romans took over Pompeii.(P42)公元前89年，罗马人占据了庞贝。He took over his fathers pany last week.上周他接管了他父亲的公司。The area was taken over by the enemy.那个区域已经被敌人占领了。take up拿起；占据(时间，空间)；从事，继续take down拿下，取下；记下take off脱掉；(飞机)起飞；取得成功take in吸收，理解；欺骗take on呈现；雇用The desk takes up too much room.这张桌子太占地方。We find it difficult to take in what he teaches.我们发现他教的东西很难理解。He took off his glasses and looked up.他取下眼镜，抬头看了看。Her face took on a new expression.她的脸上露出了新的表情。【教师备课资源】take after与相似take apart拆开(机器等)take away拿走；夺走take down取下；记下；拆卸take for认为；误认为take to开始；对产生好感；形成习惯take out拿出；去掉；扣除take back收回(说错的话)；使回忆起用适当的介、副词填空He is taking my job while I am on holiday.Our plane takes at 8 oclock.When he left school，he took painting for a while.You should take what the teacher will say in the next class.The pany decided to take a new secretary.【答案】overoffupdownon4Near the city was a volcano.(P42)在城市附近有一座火山。本句是倒装句。当句首为表示地点的副词或介词短语，且谓语动词是be，stand，sit，lie，e等动词时，为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接更紧密，常使用倒装结构。At the foot of the mountain stands a temple.山脚下有一座寺庙。Inside the bag is a cell phone.包里是一部手机。In front of the house sits an old woman.一位老太太坐在房前。【提示】如果主语是代词，则不需要倒装。Away they went.他们走了。Here he es.他来了。完成句子她左边坐着她的丈夫。On her left .有个老渔夫住在河对岸。Beyond the river .你要的书在这儿。Here .【答案】sat her husbandlives an old fishermanis the book you want5pour vi.涌流，倾泻 vt.倒出(液体).the volcano erupted and lava，ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.(P42)火山喷发，熔岩、灰和岩石从中大量涌出，进入周围的乡村。It never rains but it pours.不雨则已，一雨倾盆。Tears poured down his cheeks.眼泪顺着他的面颊簌簌地落下。Thick smoke was pouring out of the roof.浓烟从屋顶滚滚地冒出。pour in涌入 pour down倾泻pour into/out of.涌入/出pour sth.for sb.pour sb.sth.给某人倒pour oil on flames火上浇油Letters of plaint continue to pour in.投诉信纷至沓来。Ive poured you a cup of tea./Ive poured a cup of tea for you.我给你倒了一杯茶。完成句子那位歌星的粉丝们满面笑容地涌入了体育场。Fans of the singer the stadium with big smiles on their faces.你为什么总是火上浇油呢？Why do you always ？倾盆大雨下了几个小时。The rain for hours.她往我杯子里倒酒。She my glass.【答案】poured intopour oil on flamespoured down poured wine into6Many people were buried alive，and so was the city.(P42)许多人都被活埋了，整座城市也被掩埋了。(1)句中alive是形容词，意为“活的”，在句中作主语补足语。We are very surprised to hear that this old man caught a lion alive.听说这位老人活捉了一头狮子，我们都很吃惊。We found the snake alive.我们发现这蛇是活的。alive/living/live/livelyaliveadj.“活着的”，可修饰人或物，用作表语(此时可与living互换)、宾补和后置定语，不能用作前置定语。livingadj.“有生命的，活着的”，多作表语和前置定语，可修饰人或物；还可作名词，意为“生计”。liveadj.“活生生的，直播的，现场的”，只用作前置定语，一般只修饰物，不指人；还可作副词，意为“以直播方式”。livelyadj.“活泼的，生动的”，可用作表语、定语，指人或物。This is a live/living fishThis is a fish alive.这是一条活鱼。The fish is still alive/living.那条鱼还活着。Young children are usually lively.小孩子们通常是活泼的。选词填空：alive/living/live/livelyA person is full of energy and is always doing things actively.Doctors kept him on a lifesupport machine.Her dream was to earn her as a singer.Millions of animals are shipped around the world each year.The enemy officer was caught .【答案】livelyalivelivinglive/livingalive(2)句中的so was the city意思为“整座城市也是如此”，构成“sobe/助动词/情态动词主语”的结构，其用法如下：“sobe/助动词/情态动词主语”的结构，常用来表示与上句有相同的情况或动作，其中so代表上句所述的情况或动作，意为“也是这样/如此”。一般情况下，上下两句的主语不一样，但上下句的谓语动词必须保持同类，时态保持一致(除特殊情况外)，而句中谓语动词的人称、数则与本句主语一致。He is tired，and so am I他累了，我也累了。You finished your homework，and so did he.你完成了家庭作业，他也完成了。You can speak English.So can I.你会说英语。我也会。“so主语(同一个)助动词/情态动词/be动词”结构表示对前面情况的肯定。“neither/nor助动词/情态动词/be动词主语(另一个)”表示前面所述的否定情况也适用于后者。“It is the same with另一个主语”/“So it is with另一个主语”主要用于以下三种情况：Li Hua will go to America for further education.李华要到美国去深造。So she will.She is leaving for America in two days.是的，她两天后就出发去美国。If you dont go to see the movie，neither will I.如果你不去看电影，我也不去。Liu Ming studies English，but he doesnt study German.It is the same with Li Hua.刘明学英语，但他不学德语。李华的情况也是如此。Mike is from America but he can speak Chinese very well.It is the same with John.迈克来自美国，但他汉语说得很好。约翰也是如此。Susan is an English girl，and Bath is her homeland.It is the same with Jane.苏珊是个英国女孩，巴斯是她的故乡。简的情况也一样。单项填空I often walk home after school. .ASo she isBSo is sheCSo she does DSo does she【解析】so助动词另一主语。前句所述肯定情况也适用于另一主语，并且so后的助动词须同前一句的谓语动词保持一致，故选D。【答案】DIf Joes wife wont go to the party， .Ahe will either Bneither will heChe neither will Deither he will【解析】neither助动词主语，前句所述否定情况也适用于另一个人并且if引导的条件状语从句，从句的谓语用一般现在时，wont为情态动词/will的否定式，主句的谓语用一般将来时，故选B。【答案】B7The city was forgotten for many years until the 18th century when a farmer discovered a stone with writing on it.(P42)这座城市被世人遗忘了很多年，直到18世纪，有一个农夫偶然发现了一块写着文字的石头。此句中含有一个with的复合结构“with writing on it”，在句中作定语，修饰a stone。with复合结构在句中可作定语或状语。作状语时，常表示伴随情况、方式或原因等。There was a letter for Liu Ling on the desk with a Swiss stamp on it.桌子上有刘玲的一封信，信封上面有一张瑞士的邮票。She said goodbye with tears in her eyes.她含着眼泪说了声再见。with复合结构指的是“with宾语宾语补足语”结构。在句中可作定语或状语。作状语时，常表示伴随情况、方式、条件、原因等。宾语补足语通常有以下几种形式：形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、现在分词(短语)、过去分词(短语)、不定式(短语)。He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl.他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。I wont be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。完成句子He was asleep (头枕在胳膊上)He often sleeps (开着窗户) (有这么多人帮忙)，we are sure to finish it on time.【答案】with his head on his armswith the windows openWith so many people to help us8When I walked around the city，I saw streets just as they had been，with stepping stones along the road so you did not have to step in the mud on rainy days！(P42)走在古城中，我看到原样保存下来的街道，上面铺满了踏脚石，这样，每逢下雨天，行人就可以不用踩着街道上的泥巴了！该句是一个比较复杂的主从复合句，when I walked around the city是一个时间状语从句，I saw streets just as they had been是主句，其中as they had been在句中作方式状语，with stepping stones along the road是with的复合结构作定语修饰前面句中的streets。so you did not have to step in the mud on rainy days！是一个结果状语从句。此处as they had been意为“按照原样”。as用作连词，意为“依照；按照；正如；像”，引导一个状语从句。Wed better leave things as they are until the police arrive.在警察来到以前，我们最好保持现场原样。You look beautiful as you were 10 years ago.你看上去和十年前一样漂亮。【教师备课资源】as it is事实上；实际情况是；已经They hope to finish the kitchen by Friday，but as it is theyll probably have to e back next week.他们希望星期五把厨房建完，但事实上，他们很可能下周还得回来。Just keep quiet；youve enough trouble as it is.安静点，你的麻烦已经够多了。as it were可以说是He is like a brother to me，as it were.可以说，他对我就像是个哥哥。完成句子我已按你建议的那样改了。I have changed it .就让桌子保持那个样子吧。Leave the table .请按我说的那样做。Please do it .【答案】as you suggestedas it isas I told you9decorate vt.装饰，装潢.I saw several houses which were decorated with wall paintings.(P43)我看见了好几所装饰有壁画的房子。After the house is built，how much will it cost to decorate？房子造好后装修要花多少钱呢？The cake was decorated to look like a car.蛋糕被装饰得看上去像辆汽车。decorate.with.用装饰/装修decoration n装饰，装修She decorated her room with some decorations.她用一些装饰品装饰了她的房间。单项填空 the window I saw the girls room was decorated small moons and small stars.AOn；by BThrough；withCFrom；by DInto；with【解析】句意：透过窗户，我看到女孩的房间装饰着小月亮和星星。through透过，穿过；be decorated with用装饰。【答案】B10It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city，their bodies nearly pletely broke down and disappeared，leaving empty spaces in the ash.(P48)原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人之后，他们的身体几乎完全分解了，只在火山灰里留下了人形空当。(1)turn out 结果是；最后情况是In case the day turns out wet，we may have to change our plans.万一下雨的话，我们也许得改变计划。The party turned out to be very successful.晚会开得很成功。turn out到场，出席；制造，生产；关(灯等)It turns out that.结果turn outn./adj./adv./to be 结果是His oldest son turned out a thief.结果他的大儿子是个贼。It turned out that he was Georges father.结果他是乔治的父亲。The noise turned out to be the dog scratching at the door.结果那声音是狗在刨门。He turned out all the lights and left the room.他把所有的灯都关掉了，离开了那个房间。【教师备课资源】turn的相关短语turn about 转身，向后转turn against 与反目turn round/around 转身，调头；使(企业、经济等)好转turn away 拒绝进入turn back 返回，往回走turn down 关小(音量等)；拒绝turn in 上交turn into (使)成为；翻译成turn off 关掉(电器、水龙头等)turn over 翻身，翻转turn to 翻到；求助于，求教于turn up 出现，到场，出席；调大(音量等)用turn out翻译句子结果考试相当容易。 人们到场观看比赛。 这家工厂生产自行车。 结果这个方法不能很好起作用。 【答案】The examination turned out quite easy.People turned out to watch the match.This factory turns out bicycles.It turns out that this method does not work well.(2)flee(fled，fled)vt.& vi.逃避；逃跑；迅速离开During the civil war thousands of people fled the country.在内战期间成千上万的人逃离了这个国家。flee away逃离flee (from)从逃离；避免flee to逃到flee(from)responsibility逃避责任When the bombing started，people fled to places of safety.轰炸开始时，人们逃到了安全地带。Why does she always flee(from)any kind of responsibility？她为什么总是逃脱任何一种责任？完成句子他从不一见危险就跑。He never at the first sight of danger.所有的动物都逃离了火场。All the animals .她脸上的笑容消失了。The smile .【答案】flees awayfled(from)the firefled from her face11It is believed to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms from AD 200 to AD 400.(P43)很多人相信，它是在公元200年至400年之间被风沙渐渐覆盖了。此句中的It is believed to have been.结构中的it不是形式主语，而是代词，指代前面的This mercial city，也就是Loulan。本句也可以转换为下面的句型：It is believed that it(this mercial city)was gradually covered over by sandstorms from AD 200 to AD 400.They are believed to have discussed the problem.人们相信他们已经讨论过这个问题了。They are believed to have landed in America.人们相信他们已经到达了美国。It is believed that he will arrive on time.He is believed to arrive on time.人们相信他将准时到达。It is said that.sb./sth.be said to do据说It is reported that.sb./sth.be reported to do据报道It is guessed that.sb./sth.be guessed to do据猜测It is reported that all the passengers died in the plane crash.据报道，在这次坠机事故中，所有的乘客都遇难了。It is said that we will have two weeks holiday this year.据说今年我们将有两个星期的假期。完成句子据说他已经离开上海去广州了。He is said to S