2019-2020年高中英语第三册(全一册)unit9HealthcareReadingandIntegrating.doc

2019-2020年高中英语第三册(全一册)unit9HealthcareReadingandIntegratingBackground: THE DISEASE What is SARS?Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory illness that was recognized as a global threat in March xx, after first appearing in Southern China in November xx. What are the symptoms and signs of SARS?The illness usually begins with a high fever (measured temperature greater than 100.4F 38.0C). The fever is sometimes associated with chills or other symptoms, including headache, general feeling of disfort, and body aches. Some people also experience mild respiratory symptoms at the outset. Diarrhea is seen in approximately 10 percent to 20 percent of patients. After 2 to 7 days, SARS patients may develop a dry, nonproductive cough that might be acpanied by or progress to a condition in which the oxygen levels in the blood are low (hypoxia). In 10 percent to 20 percent of cases, patients require mechanical ventilation. Most patients develop pneumonia. What is the cause of SARS? SARS is caused by a previously unrecognized coronavirus, called SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). It is possible that other infectious agents might have a role in some cases of SARS. How is SARS spread?The primary way that SARS appears to spread is by close person-to-person contact. SARS-CoV is thought to be transmitted most readily by respiratory droplets (droplet spread) produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Droplet spread can happen when droplets from the cough or sneeze of an infected person are propelled a short distance (generally up to 3 feet) through the air and deposited on the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, or eyes of persons who are nearby. The virus also can spread when a person touches a surface or object contaminated with infectious droplets and then touches his or her mouth, nose, or eye(s). In addition, it is possible that SARS-CoV might be spread more broadly through the air (airborne spread) or by other ways that are not now known. What does close contact mean?Close contact is defined as having cared for or lived with a person known to have SARS or having a high likelihood of direct contact with respiratory secretions and/or body fluids of a patient known to have SARS. Examples include kissing or embracing, sharing eating or drinking utensils, close conversation (within 3 feet), physical examination, and any other direct physical contact between people. Close contact does not include activities such as walking by a person or briefly sitting across a waiting room or office. If I were exposed to SARS-CoV, how long would it take for me to bee sick?The time between exposure to SARS-CoV and the onset of symptoms is called the incubation period. The incubation period for SARS is typically 2 to 7 days, although in some cases it may be as long as 10 days. In a very small proportion of cases, incubation periods of up to 14 days have been reported. How long is a person with SARS infectious to others? Available information suggests that persons with SARS are most likely to be contagious only when they have symptoms, such as fever or cough. Patients are most contagious during the second week of illness. However, as a precaution against spreading the disease, CDC remends that persons with SARS limit their interactions outside the home (for example, by not going to work or to school) until 10 days after their fever has gone away and their respiratory (breathing) symptoms have gotten better. Is a person with SARS contagious before symptoms appear?To date, no cases of SARS have been reported among persons who were exposed to a SARS patient before the onset of the patients symptoms. What medical treatment is remended for patients with SARS? CDC remends that patients with SARS receive the same treatment that would be used for a patient with any serious munity-acquired atypical pneumonia. SARS-CoV is being tested against various antiviral drugs to see if an effective treatment can be found. If there is another outbreak of SARS, how can I protect myself? If transmission of SARS-CoV recurs, there are some mon-sense precautions that you can take that apply to many infectious diseases. The most important is frequent hand washing with soap and water or use of an alcohol-based hand rub. You should also avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unclean hands and encourage people around you to cover their nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. GLOBAL SARS OUTBREAK, xx How many people contracted SARS worldwide during the xx outbreak? How many people died of SARS worldwide?During November xx through July xx, a total of 8,098 people worldwide became sick with severe acute respiratory syndrome that was acpanied by either pneumonia or respiratory distress syndrome (probable cases), according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Of these, 774 died. By late July xx, no new cases were being reported, and WHO declared the global outbreak to be over. For more information on the global SARS outbreak of xx, visit WHOs SARS website. How many people contracted SARS in the United States during the xx outbreak? How many people died of SARS in the United States?In the United States, only eight persons were laboratory-confirmed as SARS cases. There were no SARS-related deaths in the United States. All of the eight persons with laboratory-confirmed SARS had traveled to areas where SARS-CoV transmission was occurring. Teaching aims: 1.Goals: u Learn about health care u Practise expressing opinions and making decisions u Review the Subjunctive Mood (2) u Write a letter 2.Special focus: Improve reading skills and enlarge vocabulary. a.Direct Ss to read the 3 passages on the text book; b.Guide Ss to learn to use the following words and expressions: Medical insurance, poverty, unemployment, AIDS, housing, ine, economic development, essential, desperate, fundamental, statistics, pressure, constant, allowance, re-employment, sacrifice, aggressive, intelligence, sense of responsibility, sympathy, willingness, observation, resident, laid-off, vow, mould, etc. Reading A Helping Hand (p75) Step 1 Lead in 1.Can you think of the situations where people need help? Serious illness, jobless, accidents, wars, disasters 2.While one is in such situations, which organization can help besides the people around him or her ? The WHO together with the government. Step 2 Listen and answer: 1.Was Wang Lin cured or not? 2. How much was spent on the poor people by xx? 3.What is another big challenge for the government? Step 3 Scanning Read the passage and try to e up with the general idea of each paragraph. Then ask students to fill in the chart to see if they have got a general understanding of the whole passage. Main Idea Paragraph A A man suffering from a serious disease was unable to pay for treatment. Paragraph B With a health care projects help, Wang Lins disease was cured. Paragraph C A new health project is aimed at exploring and developing a new health care model for China. Paragraph D Many urban Chinese are living on money given by the government. Paragraph E Millions of Chinese people in urban areas cannot afford proper health care. Paragraph F Health care project is very important in our countrys efforts to fight poverty. Paragraph G The Chinese government is taking measures to prevent the spread of AIDS. Paragraph H People must help each other if society is to develop and prosper. Paragraph I Our country is working hard to fight poverty and improve health care. The main idea of the passage: The Passage gives a brief introduction to the health care condition in our country, and it emphasizes on the efforts that our government is making to fight poverty and improve health care by giving examples of Wang Lin. Step 4 Careful-reading 1.In what way is Wang Lins situation similar to that of other low-ine families? They all can only make ends meet on their low ine, and if someone in their families bees seriously ill, the family is forced into poverty, and has to ask for help from the government. 2. Why is medical insurance so important to low-ine families? Because medical insurance can provide easy access to hospitals and clinics for low-ine families. 3. What is the government doing about AIDS in China? Chinese government has vowed to provide free AIDS tests for the general public as well as free treatment for those who cannot afford the treatment fees. And we learn from news that our government has decided to control the number within 1.5 million before xx. 4. What can we do to care for the weakest members of our society? Our country decided to move forward without leaving anyone behind. Now we are taking measures, such as reducing poverty, helping sick people get treated properly and providing medical insurance for the poor. And we all know that the famous programme “Developing the West”, it is an important measure to put an end to poverty. Only by helping each other, can our country develop and prosper. Step 5 prehension Unemploymentpoverty-bad housing condition/ no healthy diet/ cannot afford to purchase medical insurance/ no good educationAIDS/ accidents- government programmes Step 6. Post-reading A. Choose the best answers: 1.Thanks to_, Wang Lin was able to receive a treatment in time to prevent the disease from ruining his health. 答案：C A. his son in college B. the insurance for his family C. the health care project D. the kindness of his family and neighbors 2.According to the text, if Wang Lin had had_, the sickness wouldnt have caused such a big problem. 答案：C A. a good job B. a high ine C. insurance D. a good doctor to consult 3.Whats the aim of new health care project? 答案：D A. Helping people get rid of poverty. B. Exploring and developing a new health care model for China. C. Letting sick people treated properly. D. Providing medical insurance for the poor. 4.According to the United Nations AIDS agencys report, how many people will be infected by AIDS in China by xx unless more is done to prevent the spread of the disease? 答案：B A.9 million. B.10 million. C.11 million. D.12 million. 5.In how many cities is the health project being treated? A.4. B.5. C.10. D.14. 答案：A 6.The text “A Helping Hand” is mainly about_. 答案：C A. millions of Chinese people in urban areas cant afford proper health care B. the Chinese government is taking measures to prevent the spread of AIDS C. a new health care project is being explored and developed in China D. people must help each other if society is to develop and prosper B. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with one to three words. The poverty and the poor health care of low-ine families The governments efforts to fight poverty and poor health care Low-ine families cannot afford to pay for 1_, that is to say, they cannot afford to 2 _a doctor or 3_medicine. The government encourages health care form and reduces poverty by designing a health care project which provides poor patients with treatment at 7_or less to help them get treated properly. The Chinese government is working with other countries and international organizations to explore and develop a new 8_ for China. The government encourages people to 9_ in order that other measures to fight poverty will work. The government has vowed to stop the spread of AIDS by providing free 10_ Low-ine families cannot provide 4_ for their children. Many low-ine families cannot afford to 5_. Low-ine families live on allowance 6_. Keys:1. medical treatment 2. consult 3.purchase/buy 4. a healthy diet 5. purchase medical insurance. 6. given by the government 7. half the cost 8. health care model 9. purchase medical insurance 10. tests and treatment C. Answering the questions on P77. Step 7 Homework Finish all the exercises on Word Study and Grammar on p77-79. Integrating Reading Skills The Little Mould That Could (P79) Step 1. Scan the passage A. find the main idea Paragraph 1 Fleming was excited about his discovery, which he called Penicillin, but other scientists showed no interest. Paragraph 2 Penicillin played a very important role during the World War II and at present as well. Paragraph 3 Fleming discovered a mould that can kill bacteria by accident. Paragraph 4 Health care in the past was often dangerous and risky. Paragraph 5 Alexander Fleming invented many ways to treat the wounded during the World War I B. answer after scanning the passage as quickly as possible. 1. What could the little mould do? The little mould that could treat/cure/fight infection. 2.Who discovered it? When was it discovered? In 1928, Sir Alexander Fleming discovered it 3.What is its name? It is called penicillin (In 1928, Sir Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin that could treat/cure/fight infection.) Step 2 Careful reading Choose the best answers: 1.Who discovered penicillin? 答案：B A. Howard Walter Florey. B. Alexander Fleming. C. Paul Ehrlich. D. Earnst Boris Chain. 2.It was not until_that the importance of Flemings discovery was fully recognized? 答案：B A. World War B. World War C.1928 D.1929 3.When did Fleming receive the Nobel Prize with the two other scientists? 答案：D A. In 1914. B. In 1928. C. In 1929. D. In 1945. 4.From Paragraph 4 of the text “The Little Mould That Could” we can see that Fleming was all the following except_. 答案：D A. confident B. strong-willed C. hard-working D. kind and warm-hearted Step 3. Read the passage again and retell the life experience of Fleming and how he discovered penicillin. Alexander Fleming was a young doctor in the early 1900s when a German chemist developed a chemical treatment to cure an incurable disease. Fleming began using it in his clinic. Then in 1914, he had to go to the battlefield to treat wounded soldiers during World War, when he invented many ways to treat the wounded. After returning from the war, he went on with the search for the chemical because he believed it could treat infections. One day, he found a mould was growing in some old glass containers. To his surprise, the bacteria he had been growing had died. He believed that it was the mould, which later he called penicillin that killed the bacteria. Penicillin was a great discovery. It played a very important role during World War and as well as at present time. Fleming was awarded Nobel Prize for his great discovery in 1945. Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin Phrases: 1.take measures to do sth. 2.a laid-off worker 3.have an ine of 4.to make matters worse 5.take a bank loan 6.put extra pressure on the family 7.keep a healthy diet 8.live in poverty 9.make ends meet 10.look forward to 11.ready-made clothes 12.cure many diseases 13.a story of hard work 14.search for 15.clean up 16.in a good mood 17.set a goal 18.be effective in Reading on P213 Angels In White (Florence Nightingale) She is remembered as a pioneer of nursing and a reformer of hospital sanitation methods. For most of her ninety years, Nightingale pushed for the reform of the British military health-care system. Main idea Para.1 (Para1): Fear had gripped the nation when SARS broke out. Parts2(Para2-7): Thanks to the quick and forceful action the country took and the sacrifices the health care staff made, SARS ended in he summer of xx. Part 3 (Para 8): We will never forget the “Angels in White”. 1. thanks to owing to because of Thanks to your advice, I am keeping a healthy diet now. Owing to the rain ,the match was cancelled. 2. as a result of （造成某种结果的）原因 as a result 结果是 result from 因的结果发生 result in 结果是 She won the scholarship as a result of her hard work. Illness often results from poverty. Im sure the governments efforts to stop the spread of AIDS will result in success. 3despite =in spite of 尽管；不管；纵使 Despite the bad weather we enjoyed our holiday. Sir Fleming remained modest despite his achievements. 4. as is (was) the case with 与情况一样 He is late again this morning, as is often the case. 知识归纳 abuse咒滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt.1.) 滥用,妄用 He abused his power while in office.他在职时滥用权力。 2.) 辱骂;毁谤 You are always abusing and offending people.你总是出言不逊得罪人。 3.) 虐待,伤害 Those captives were physically abused. 那些俘虏遭受了肉体上的摧残。 n.1.) 滥用,妄用CU There is no freedom that is not open to abuse. 任何自由都可能被滥用。 2.) 辱骂U She greeted me with a stream of abuse.她一见我就吐出一连串的污言秽语。 3.) 虐待;伤害U Child abuse is widespread in this country.这个国家虐待孩子的情况很普遍。 举例(1)an abuse of trust辜负别人的信任 (2)The prisoners were treated with abuse囚犯受到虐待。 (3)He greeted me with a stream of abuse他一见到我就不停地谩骂。 搭配greet sbwith a steam of abuse一见某人就破口大骂 shower abuse on sb大骂某人 拓展abuse可作及物动词，滥用；虐待；辱骂 (1)1 wont allow you to abuse that dog我不允许你虐待那条狗。 (2)Dont abuse your powerposition不要滥用你的权力地位。 (3)Dont abuse your eyes不要过度用眼。， 2outbreak n爆发；突然发生 用法outbreak指战争、暴动、疾病等的发生，爆发；(怒气等的)爆发，常与of连用。 举例an outbreak of diseaseinsectsfighting疾病的突然蔓延虫害的突然出现战争的爆发 31ay off解雇；不理会；使下岗 举例They laid US off for three months他们把我们暂时解雇了三个月。 拓展lay off停止工作或活动；休息；停止做惹人生气或烦恼之事 举例(1)The doctor told me to lay off for a month医生要我休息一星期。 (2)I hear youve been pestering my sister againwell，you can just lay off 我听说你又去纠缠我妹妹了哼，你不可再去缠她了。 记忆lay-off，n工人被暂时解雇期间，下岗。 4at the cost of以的价格；以为代价 举例(1)He had the dictionary at the cost of one hundred yuan 他以100元的价格得到了那本字典。 (2)The game was at the cost of two players injure 比赛获胜了，但却付出了两名队员受伤的代价。 (3)We are determined to get our rights at all costs 我们决心不惜一切代价得到我们的权利。 记忆at all costsat any costs不惜代价，不计任何牺牲，无论如何 count the cost行动之前考虑得失，考虑后果或不利之处 to ones cost对某人有损失不利，使某人受累 5make matters worse情况更加困难或更危险 用法make matters worse相当于what is worse，相当于一个副词，意为“更糟的是”，亦可写成to make matters worse或(to)make the matter worse，往往在上文中要陈述一种或几种困难或危险，然后再作进一步的陈述。 举例lit got dark，and what was worse，it began to rain天黑了，而更糟的是，开始下起雨来了。 6hopeless adj没有希望的；令人绝望的；不可救药的 举例(1)a hopeless case无希望的情况 (2)a hopeless illness绝症 (3)hopeless tears绝望的眼泪 (4)The doctor said Anns illness was hopeless医生说安的病情是医治不好的。 拓展hopeless(非正式用法)无用的 举例Your work is hopeless，and so are you你的工作一无是处，你这个人也是如此。- 记忆hopelessly advhopelessness n 7getbe rid of摆脱；解脱；除去 用法get rid of常指摆脱疾病，麻烦或一切不太好的东西或事情，意为“除去，去掉，除掉，扔掉，驱逐”等。 举例(1)These shoes are difficult to get rid of这些鞋子很难卖掉。 (2)I have not got rid of my bad cold yet我的重感冒还没有好。 (3)How can we get rid of this unwele visitor? 我们怎样才能摆脱这位不受欢迎的客人呢? 拓展be rid of与get rid of同义，多用于表状态。 举例(1)we were glad to be rid of our overcoats我们很高兴脱掉了外套。 (2)I am rid of debt now我现在已还清我的债务了。 8consult vt&v向咨询；查阅vt.1.) 与.商量 Ill do nothing without consulting you. 我采取行动之前一定和你商量。 2.) 找(医生)看病;请教 He went to town to consult his doctor.他进城去看医生。 3.) 查阅(词典、参考书等) He consulted his notebook repeatedly during his speech. 他讲演时不断看他的笔记本。 vi.1.) 商议,磋商(+with) We will consult together about her education.我们将一起商议她的教育事宜。 2.) 当顾问(+for) The retired executive consults for several large panies. 那位退休的总裁在好几家大公司当顾问。 举例(1)Have you consulted your doctor about your illness? 关于你的病情，你找你的医生看过了吗? (2)to consult ones lawyera mapthe dictionary咨询律师查阅地图查字典 拓展consult还可作“考虑；顾及”之义。(现多用consider) 举例We must consult his convenience我们必须顾及他的方便。 9Pressure n. 压力n.1.) 压;按;挤;榨UThe small box was flattened by the pressure of the heavy book on it.小盒子被这本厚厚的书压扁了。2.) 压力;压迫;紧迫;催促UCHe works well under pressure.他在有压力的情况下工作很出色。3.) 困扰;艰难UThese old people are unaccustomed to the pressure of modern life.这些老人不习惯现代生活的紧张压力。 举例(1)Is he suffering from pressure of work?他目前是不是受到工作的压力? (2)the pressure of a famous person做名人的压力 搭配at highlow pressure紧张地悠闲地 putbring pressure onupon对施加压力 under the pressure of在的逼迫压力下 举例(1