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.词汇 1Its i_ to read peoples private letters without permission. 2This p_ will help to settle your nerves. 3The details are clearly set out in an a_. 4In s_ of great efforts we failed to carry our plans through. 5On the other hand, a brave person who dares to take r_ often succeeds. 答案：1.illegal 2.pill 3.appendix 4.spite 5.risks,.短语 1不顾；不管 _ 2处境危险_ 3陷入；染上(坏习惯)_ 4冒着的危险 _ 5放弃_ 答案：1.in spite of 2.at risk/in danger 3.get into 4.at the risk of 5.give up,.完成句子 1Dont let the children _ _ _ _ _ (染上的习惯)going to bed late. 2One cannot be successful in business unless one is willing to _ _ _ (冒险) 3_ _ _ _ _ (尽管有困难), we must carry the work to completion. 4In Britain, _ _ _ _ (是违法的)drive when you are drunk. 5_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (由你决定) when we will start.,答案：1.get into the habit of 2.take a risk 3.In spite of the difficulties 4.it is illegal to 5.It is up to you to decide,risk 1)v. 使冒风险(或面临危险) He risked his life when he saved the child from the fire. 他冒着生命危险把孩子从火中救出。 (doing)sth冒的风险(或危险) They knew they risked being arrested. 他们知道自己冒着被捕的危险。,(doing)sth冒险做；(明知结果)而大胆做 The boatman was willing to risk ferrying them across. 船夫愿冒险渡他们过江。 2)n. C & U(of sth)|(that.)|(to sb/sth) 危险；风险 There was some a great, norisk of her being taken in. 她有几分 十分有，毫无受骗的危险。,C(to sth)危险人物；会带来风险的事物 The group was considered to be a risk to national security. 这伙人被认为是威胁国家安全的危险分子。,【知识拓展】 1)at risk (from/of sth) 有危险；冒风险 23 million people in Africa are at risk from starvation. 非洲有2,300万人正处于饥饿的危险中。 2)at the risk of doing sth (用以引出可能听上去愚蠢或冒犯人的话)冒着的风险 At the risk of boring people to tears, I repeat the most important rule in painting. 冒着使人厌烦得要死的风险，我重复了最重要的绘画规则。,3)run the risk(of doing sth)|run risks 冒的危险；冒险(做某事) She preferred not to run the risk of encountering his sister. 她宁可不冒与他姐姐发生冲突的危险。 4)take a risk|take risks 冒险(做某事) Thats a risk Im not prepared to take. 我不愿意去冒这个险。,5)in danger 在危险之中 We should stay calm in danger. 我们在危险的时候应该保持冷静。 6)in danger of 有失去的危险 You are in danger of catching a cold if you dont take any medicine. 如果你不吃药的话， 就有感冒的危险。,【知识运用】 (1)(2007上海春42) If your race car isnt insured, you may_ losing everything when it hits something solid. Adelay Bdeny Cavoid Drisk 答案：D 本题题意：如果你的赛车没有投保，一旦它与坚硬的物体相撞，你可能冒着失去一切的风险。risk表示“冒的风险(或危险)”。,(2)Weve been advised not to risk_in these conditions. Ato travel Btravelling Cbeing travelled Dto be lost 答案：B 本题题意：我们受到忠告，在这种条件下不要冒险出行。risk表示“冒险做；(明知结果)而大胆做”，后接名词或动名词担任宾语。,1in spite of 不管；尽管 They went out in spite of the rain. 尽管下着雨， 他们还是出去了。 In spite of all his efforts he failed. 他已竭尽全力， 但仍然失败了。,【知识拓展】 1)regardless of 不管；不顾；不理会 Ill take the job regardless of the pay. 不管报酬多少我都要这份工作。 They decorated the house regardless of cost. 他们不惜工本装修这栋房子。,2)despite 不管；尽管；任凭 They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad weather. 尽管天气不好， 他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。 Despite wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to his letters. 她尽管很想再见到他， 但却不愿给他回信。,3)in the face of (1)不顾(问题、困难等) She showed great courage in the face of danger. 面对危险她表现出了巨大的勇气。 (2)(as a result of)因为；由于 We are powerless in the face of such forces. 面对这样强大的力量， 我们无能为力。,【知识运用】 (1)The boy went swimming in the deep lake_his mothers fears for his safety. Ain the face of Bas a result of Cregardless of Din spite of 答案：C 本题题意：那个男孩不顾母亲对他安全的担扰，跑到深湖中游泳。regardless of 表示“不管；不顾；不理会”。,(2)_the rainy weather, the streets were full of people on May Day. AIn the face of BAs a result of CRegardless of DIn spite of 答案：D 本题题意：五一节那天，尽管下雨，街上还是挤满了人。in spite of表示“不管；尽管”。,2make up ones mind 作出决定；下定决心 Ive made up my mind to be a doctor. 我决心当医生。 Have you made your mind up where to go for your holiday? 你已决定到什么地方去度假了吗？ Theyre both beautifulI cant make up my mind. 两人都很漂亮我难以决定。,【知识拓展】 1)bear/keep sth in mind|bear/keep in mind that 将记在心中；记起；考虑 What kind of party do you have in mind? 你打算举办什么样的晚会？ Do bear in mind that the tickets are usually sold very quickly. 记住，票通常卖得很快。,2)bring/call sb/sth to mind (1)想起；记起 She couldnt call to mind where she had seen him before. 她想不起来曾在哪里见过他。 (2)使想起；使记起 The painting brings to mind some of Qi Baishis early works. 这幅油画使人们想起了齐白石早期的一些作品。,3)come/spring to mind 突然记起(或想起) Im sure someone can help you, but no one immediately brings to mind. 我确信有人能帮助你，但一时又想不起来有谁。 4)on ones mind 挂在心上；惦念 Ive got a lot on my mind at the moment. 眼下我有许多事要操心。 5)put/set/give/turn ones mind to sth|set ones mind on sth 集中精力做；下决心做 If hes set his mind on doing it, nothing will stop him. 他一旦下决心去做， 任何事情都挡不住他。,6)open ones mind to 向敞开思想；愿意接受 He opened his mind to the ways of the rest of the world. 他开放思想接受世界其他地方习俗。 7)read ones mind/thoughts 猜测；揣摩 I can read your mind like a book. 我可以像读书一样清楚地看到你的心理活动。 8)change her mind 改变主意 Tom changed his mind to play football after class. 汤姆改变主意下课后去踢足球。,6)open ones mind to 向敞开思想；愿意接受 He opened his mind to the ways of the rest of the world. 他开放思想接受世界其他地方习俗。 7)read ones mind/thoughts 猜测；揣摩 I can read your mind like a book. 我可以像读书一样清楚地看到你的心理活动。 8)change her mind 改变主意 Tom changed his mind to play football after class. 汤姆改变主意下课后去踢足球。,9)bend ones mind/efforts to sth 致力于某事；专心致力于某事 He couldnt bend his mind to his studies. 他不能专心学习。 10)keep ones mind on sth专心于；致力于 Keep your minds on your work. 专心干你们的活吧！,11)focus ones mind/attention on sth集中(精力、注意力、思想等)于 They focused all their attention/minds on finding a solution to the problem. 他们集中全部注意力去寻找解决问题的办法。,12)apply oneself to|apply/give/set/bend ones mind to专心致力于 The new comer applied his mind to the job. 新来的职员工作专心致志。 13)turn ones mind/thoughts/attention to把自己的心智、思想、注意力贯注在某事物上 He turned his mind back to the road again. 他把注意力回转到道路上。,【知识运用】 (1)When I told her the house was still standing, she_her mind to come home right away. Amade up Btook up Cturned up Dshowed up 答案：A 本题题意：她听见我说房子还在时，就决定马上回去了。make up ones mind 表示“作出决定；下定决心”。,(2)Whats more, I have come to understand a truthnothing is difficult in the world if you put your_into it. Amind Bheart Cbrain Dthought 答案：B 本题题意：更重要的是我悟出了一个道理：世界上不论什么事，不管难与易，重要的是你敢于去做。put ones heart into sth(give/put/set/turn ones mind to sth) 表示“专心致力于；全神贯注于”。,3get into 1)养成某种习惯；习惯于 Dont let yourself get into the bad habit of smoking. 不要让自己染上抽烟的坏习惯。 2)(使)陷入，处于，达到 Cant you stop your son from getting into trouble? 你能不能制止你儿子别惹上麻烦？,3)进入 How did the thieves get into the house? 这些窃贼怎么进入室内的？ 4)(尤指费力地)穿上 As I have gained weight, I cant get into my best suit. 因为体重增加，我无法穿我那件最好的西装。 5)开始从事某职业 Whats the best way to get into journalism? 进入新闻界的最佳途径是什么？,6)参与，开始(某事) Two players got into a fight and were sent to the penalty box for two minutes. 两名打架的球员被罚到惩罚席上坐二分钟。 7)对产生兴趣 Im really getting into jazz these days. 我最近真的开始喜欢爵士乐了。 8)开始熟悉；学会 Youll soon get into the way of doing it. 你很快就能学会做这件事。,【知识运用】 (1)The children_the bad habit of switching on the television as soon as they came back from school. Agot off Bgot into Cgot across Dgot in 答案：B 本题题意：孩子们养成了坏习惯，从学校一回来就打开电视机。get into表示“养成某种习惯；习惯于”。,(2)Are you coming on with us, Jack? I shouldnt, but what the hell. Im going to_trouble when I get home, anyway. Aget into Blook for Cask for Dmake 答案：A 本题题意：“杰克，你和我们一起来吗？”“不。不过，管它呢，反正我一到家就会遇到麻烦。”get into表示“(使)陷入，处于，达到”。,it的用法(1) 1)it指已提及或心目中的人或事物。 This is our new car. I bought it yesterday. 这是我们的新车。我昨天买的。 This suitcase looks heavy but actually it is very light. 这个皮箱看上去很重， 实际上很轻。,2)指无生命物、动植物、性别不详的幼孩等。 What a beautiful babyis it a boy? 多漂亮的孩子啊他是男孩吗？ Go and open the door, Miss Green. It may be the police. 去开门，格林小姐，可能是警察。,3)it表示“(已知的或暗含的)事实或情况”。 When the factory closes, it (this event) will mean 500 redundancies. 工厂一旦关闭， 那就意味着要有500人遭遣散。 Yes, I was at home on Sunday. What about/of it? 是啊， 我星期天在家来着。怎么了？,4)it作无人称动词的主语，表示时间、气候、距离等。 It was two miles to the island. 距离小岛有两英里远。 Its quite warm at the moment. 现在天气很暖和。 5)it担任形式宾语，代替不定式短语或宾语从句，偶尔为动名词。动词like, dislike, enjoy, appreciate, love, hate, stop等可以构成Vit when/if.形式。,She found it interesting to learn about their strategy. 她觉得学习他们的策略很有意思。 You will find it very nice taking a walk early in the morning. 你会发现在清晨散步很好。 I must make it clear that Ill always support it. 我必须申明我将永远支持你。 I dont like it when you shout at me. 我不喜欢你对我大喊大叫。,6)it 担任形式主语，代替不定式，动名词或主语从句。 It is impossible to assess the problem. 无法估摸这个问题。 It is no use trying. 试也白试。 Does it matter what colour it is? 是什么颜色有关系吗？ It appears that the two leaders are holding secret talks. 两位领导人好像在举行秘密会谈。,It isnt certain whether we shall succeed. 我们是否会成功还很难说。,7)it用于某些动词、介词后面，词义含糊，构成习惯语。 Lets walk it. 我们走路去。 Youll catch it from your father. 你会挨你父亲的骂。 If we miss the bus, well have to foot it. 如果我们赶不上公共汽车，我们只好走路。 Lets make a night of it. 让我们痛饮一晚吧。,8)用在强调句型中(答语也要用it代替心目中的人)。 It was Peter who lent us the money. 是彼得借了钱给我们。 Its today that hes going. 他是今天走。 9)指代整个句子的内容。 Weve been invited to the ball at the palace. Really? I cant believe it. “我们被邀请去参加宫廷舞会。”“真的吗？我不相信。”,Stop it, youre hurting me. 快停下来，你把我弄痛了。 10)it表示“环境或情况；泛指的事物”。 If its convenient，I can see you tomorrow. 要是方便的话， 我明天可以见你。 Its getting very competitive in the car industry. 汽车工业方面的竞争日益加剧。,【知识运用】 (1)(2010辽宁33) The fact that she was foreign made _ difficult for her to get a job in that country. A. so B. much C. that D. it 答案：D 本题题意：她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。本题考查固定句式“make it形容词或名词不定式短语或宾语从句”的用法，其中it担任形式宾语。,(2)(2009北京35) Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with_extra stress. Ait Bthem Cone Dhim 答案：A 本题题意：作父母不容易，作为一个需要特殊需求的孩子的父母常常具有额外的压力。it指代动名词短语being the parent of a child with special needs.,(3)(2009四川3)I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_. Aone Bit Cthis Dthat 答案：B 本题题意：我喜欢这所前面带有美丽花园的房子，可是我现在没有足够的钱把它买下来。it指代名词this house.,(4)(2008四川26) I admired the painting, and Ed said he would like me to have_as a gift from him. Aone Bit Cthis Dsome 答案：B 本题题意：我欣赏这幅画，埃德说他愿意把它作为一份礼物送给我。it指代名词the painting.,(5)(2008天津9) How much do I owe you for lunch? _. Its nothing. AYoure welcome BForget it CWith pleasure DThats right 答案：B 本题题意：“午饭我要付你多少钱？”“算了吧。这没什么。”forget it表示“没关系；不必在意”。,(6)(2007全国121)Have you heard the latest news? No, what_？ Ais it Bis there Care they Dare those 答案：A 本题题意：“你听到最新消息了吗？”“没有，是什么？”it指代名词the latest news.,(7)(2007山东24)_worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. AThis BThat CWhat DIt 答案：D 本题题意：他做事总是改变主意，这使我烦恼不已。it担任形式主语，代替后面被定语从句修饰的名词the way.其正常语序为The way he keeps changing his mind worries me.,(8)(2007天津1) He didnt make_clear when and where the meeting would be held. Athis Bthat Cit Dthese 答案：C 本题题意：会议何时何地举行，他没有明示。本题考查句式“make/feel/finditadj./n宾语从句”，其中it担任形式宾语。,(9)_does not matter if we live a short life as long as we have been living a meaningful one. AThis BIt COne DWhat 答案：B 本题题意：只要生活得有意义，我们的寿命即使很短也没有关系。It doesnt matter为固定结构，其后有时可以跟一个从句。例如：It doesnt matter how you are dressed. 你穿得怎样并没关系。,(10)Although I spoke to him a number of times，_was only to pass the time of day. Ait Bwhich Cwhat Dthat 答案：A 本题题意：尽管我和他交谈过几次，但都是寒暄而已。it表示“(已知的或暗含的)事实或情况”。,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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