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第二部分,专题四 语法填空,知识运用篇,有提示词填空 第三讲 词性转换、比较等级及名词单复数,技 能 突 破,技法1：句子成分要记牢 高考的语法填空中，词性转换是必考的考点之一，学 会分析句子成分对解题非常有帮助。,典 例 导 引 (2016全国卷)The title will be_(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. 解题思路 分析句子成分空格处作状语 根据所作成分可判断此处用副词形式 尝试解答：_,officially,技法解读 1看到提示词在名词前作定语、在系动词后作表语，或在宾语后作宾补，要想到用形容词。 2看到提示词修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子作状语时，要想到用副词。 3看到提示词作主语或宾语或者在冠词( a/an/the)、形容词性物主代词(my/his/their等)、指示代词(this/that)、名词所有格后，要想到用名词。,(2016四川高考)Chinese scientists _ (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. (2016全国卷)Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks _(regular) (2016四川卷)She was a very _(care) mother. (2015全国卷)Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _ (slow) during cool nights，thus warming the house.,recently,regularly,caring/careful,slowly,(2015全国卷)In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _(able) to“air condition”a house without using electric equipment. (2015安徽高考改编)They gave money to the old peoples home either _ (person) or through their companies. (2015广东高考)_ (lucky)，he also had a cow which produced mike every day.,ability,personally,Luckily,技法2：构词知识记准确 英语构词法中在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀，从而构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词。了解一些构词法的知识，会对高考语法填空产生极大的帮助。,(2016全国卷)Then，handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _(achieve) 解题思路 分析句子成分空格处作宾语 根据所作成分可判断此处要用名词形式 尝试解答：_,achievement,技法解读 1形容词变副词的后缀,2.形容词变名词的后缀,3.动词变名词的后缀 常见的动词变名词的后缀有-al，-ance，-ence，-ion，-tion，-ation，-(ss)ion，-ing，-ment，-ure，-ture，-y等。,4.动词、名词变形容词的后缀 常见的动词、名词变形容词的后缀有-able，-al，-ful，-ed，-ing，-ible，-ive，-ous，-some，-y，-ern，-ish等。,5.表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀 常见的表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀有dis-，il-，im-，in-，ir-，mis-，un-，-less等。,6.变动词的前缀和后缀,(2016全国卷)But for tourists like me，pandas are its top _(attract) (2016全国卷)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC.，influenced the _ (develop) of chopsticks. (2015全国卷)As _ (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.,attraction,development,natural,(2014全国卷)For most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be _ (patience) (2014辽宁高考)I cannot control my body well，My legs become _ (pain) (2016广东四校联考)Of course，the shows director agreed _ (happy),patient,painful,happily,技法3：名词复数切莫忘 如果给的提示词是名词，未必就一定是考词性转换，有时也会考名词复数形式。,(2016全国卷)The nursery team switches him every few_(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed，the other is with mum. 解题思路 分析句子成分此处使用名词形式 根据空前few确定该空用名词复数形式 尝试解答：_,days,技法解读 1看到一个以上的人或物，如名词在不定代词few，a few，other，all，both，many，several等后时，要想到用复数形式。 2看到用来表示祝愿、礼貌和客气的名词，要想到用复数形式，如congratulations，regards，respects，thanks，wishes，requests，apologies等。 3看到谓语动词为复数形式，要想到作主语的名词用复数形式。 4注意一些不规则变化的名词复数，如childchildren; manmen，toothteeth；footfeet；womanwomen等。,(2016全国卷)Recent _ (study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. (2016四川高考)Any smell might attract natural _(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda. (2015全国卷)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation，for most of us the _ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work.,studies,enemies,changes,(2017青岛一模)These two _ (discover) provide humankind with a new way to fight these diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually. (2017潍坊一模)Important language points，grammar rules，useful _ (express) and key words are what we want to take down. They took many _ (photo) when they visited China.,discoveries,expressions,photos,技法4：比较等级细思量 如果给的提示词是形容词，未必就一定是考词性转换，有时也会考形容词的比较等级。,(2016全国卷)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of_(great) and less importance. 解题思路 分析句子成分一句子缺少定语 根据空格后标志词less可判断此处用比较级形式 尝试解答：_,greater,技法解读 1若是两者之间相比，且空格后有than，要想到用形容词或副词的比较级。 2若看到the比较级位于句首，要想到有可能考查“the比较级，the比较级”句型。 3若是三者或三者以上比较，后面有表示范围的短语或从句，要想到用形容词或副词的最高级。 4若看到“one of the_复数名词”，要想到有可能考查“one of the最高级复数名词”句型。,(2014辽宁高考)The _ (hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit. (2014广东高考)After our plane landed，we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months _ (early)，but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. (2015四川高考改编)Andy is content with the toy，It is the _ (good) he has ever got. (2014全国卷改编)Raymonds parents wanted him to have the _ (good) possible education.,harder,earlier,best,best,第一步，确定空缺处所填词的词性 一般来说，名词在句中作主语、宾语或表语。动词在句中一般作谓语。形容词在句中作定语，修饰名词作表话，位于系动词后；或作宾语补足语。 副词一般在句中修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子作状语。 第二步，对所填词进行转换 正确使用前缀和后缀。一般来说，前缀只改变词的意义，不改变其词性；后缀改变词性，而不引起词义的变化。 第三步，确定所填的词能让整个句子意义连贯通顺 提醒：如果提示词为形容词或副词，有时是考查词的反义形式或形容词或副词的比较等级；如果提示词为名词，有时是考查名词单复数。,走 出 误 区,易错点1 词性把握不准 (2017赤峰一模)Finally，when we finished our work _ (success)，she gave each of us a big hug. (母题变式)Finally，when we finished our work in a _(success) way，she gave each of us a big hug. (母题变式)Finally，when we_(success) in finishing our work，she gave each of us a big hug.,successfully,successful,succeeded,点拨 句中此空修饰动词finish，故要用该词的副词形式；句中此空修饰名词way，故要用该词的形容词形式；句中此空在句中作谓语，故填动词形式。,易错点2 形对意不对 (2017湖州二模)The rich man was_(will) to offer any help，which greatly upset all the people present. (母题变式)The rich man was not_(will) to offer any help，which greatly upset all the people present.,unwilling,willing,点拨 句中空格在be动词后，故用形容词形式。句意：这位富人(不愿意)提供任何帮助，这使在场的人非常失望。根据句意，可判断此词用否定形式。句中空格在be动词后，故要用该词的形容词形式。句意：这位富人不(愿意)提供任何帮助，这使在场的人非常失望。根据句意可判断，此词用肯定形式。,随 堂 训 练, .单句练习 They are always gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making _(prepare) for the long cold winter. (2013广东高考) But such a small thing couldnt _ (possible) destroy a village. (2015福建高考改编)lt was _ (consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a _(good) voice.,preparations,possibly,considerate,better, (2015湖北高考改编 ) The girl used to be shy，but is _(gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. (2016莱芜一模) Everything that is about a character can help us to understand him，from his _ (appear) to the kind of food he eats. (2017临沂二模) In 1971，after nearly two hundred _(failure) ，Tus team finally found an extract that was 100% effective against the malaria parasites-artemisinin.,gradually,appearance,failures,.易错练习 (2017海口一模) They hope it might reduce，or _(possible) erase(抹去) the effect of painful memories. (2017衡水二模)People arent always those who they declare to be in their online _(describe) On our way home，the journey was much _ (easy) than before as everyone else fell fast asleep. Boxing was the sport that l liked _ (much)，because its more challenging and exciting to me.,possibly,description,easier,most, Sleep should always be enough to make one bring back his _(strong) and get ready for a days work. Whenever there are festivals or happy events，people of all ages will _ (happy)join the dance.,strength,happily,.语篇练习：用词性转换成比较等级形式填空。 Hope is what makes ones life move forward.Setting goals for oneself is fine，but they are 1._ (possible) to reach without hope.Many people 2._(belief ) that hope is what creates disappointment.What a sad belief that is ! In 3._ (real)，hope provides one with the ability to see 4._(succeed) in ones mind and the strength needed to be 5._(appropriate) focused on reaching ones goals.,impossible,believe,reality,success,appropriately,Hope provides one with trust and gives one optimistic spirit.Hope does not create disappointment，but 6._(expectation) do.For when one expects，one unconsciously narrows ones focus.Disappointment is created by causing one to feel pessimistic about 7._(fail)，impatient with new fears and challenges when ones 8._(limit) ability to achieve goals goes away 9._(complete)Hope brings ones focus on achieving goals into 10._ (broad) view，allowing one to see new fears and challenges and helping one to prepare for them.,expectations,failure,limited,completely,broader, 解析：联系上下文可知，没有希望是不可能实现目标的。 impossible不可能的。 解析：该句中缺少谓语，应用动词。belief是名词，动词是believe。 解析：介词in后应用名词。 real是形容词，名词是reality。 解析：see后应接名词作宾语。 succeed是动词，名词是success。 解析：修饰动词focused应用副词。appropriate是形容词，副词是appropriately。 解析：谓语动词do是复数形式，其主语也应用复数。 解析：介词about后接名词。 fail是动词，名词是failure。,复 习 练 案,
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