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专题四 社会文化类,【典例示范】,A,B,A (2015天津卷,D篇) Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk,I went to a friend.He looked at me for a moment,and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice Ive ever had:Be bold and braveand mighty(强大的) forces will come to your aid. Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past,it was seldom because I had tried and failed.It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all.On the other hand,whenever I had plunged into deep water,forced by courage or circumstance,I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again. Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you are sure you can eat.And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces.They are potential powers we possess:energy,skill,sound judgment,creative ideaseven physical strength greater than most of us realize.,A,B,Admittedly,those mighty forces are spiritual ones.But they are more important than physical ones.A college classmate of mine,Tim,was an excellent football player,even though he weighed much less than the average player.“In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player,who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,”said Tim.“I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet(子弹)and stopped him cold.” Boldnessa willingness to extend yourself to the extremeis not one that can be acquired overnight.But it can be taught to children and developed in adults.Confidence builds up.Surely,there will be setbacks(挫折) and disappointments in life;boldness in itself is no guarantee of success.But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds. So,always try to live a little bit beyond your abilitiesand youll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.,A,B,【语篇导读】本文为议论文。作者通过自己和一位大学同学的事例说明自信和勇敢的重要性,告诫人们不要让恐惧束缚自己的手脚,鼓励人们最大限度地发掘自身潜能。 1.Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past? A.He faced huge risks. B.He lacked mighty forces. C.Fear prevented him from trying. D.Failure blocked his way to success. 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第二句内容可知,作者过去有时不能够达到自己的目标是因为他害怕失败,根本没有去尝试。 答案:C,A,B,2.What is the implied meaning of the underlined part? A.Swallow more than you can digest. B.Act slightly above your abilities. C.Develop more mysterious powers. D.Learn to make creative decisions. 解析:推理判断题。根据下文的“.even physical strength greater than most of us realize”可推断,此处表示我们能够做到一些稍微超出我们能力范围的事情。 答案:B,A,B,3.What was especially important for Tims successful defense in the football game? A.His physical strength. B.His basic skill. C.His real fear. D.His spiritual force. 解析:细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Admittedly,those mighty forces are spiritual ones.”可推断出,蒂姆在足球比赛中成功地防守,主要是因为他的精神力量发挥了作用。 答案:D,A,B,4.What can be learned from Paragraph 5? A.Confidence grows more rapidly in adults. B.Trying without success is meaningless. C.Repeated failure creates a better life. D.Boldness can be gained little by little. 解析:推理判断题。根据第五段前三句可以推断出,自信和勇敢不可能一蹴而就,但可以逐渐培养起来。 答案:D,A,B,5.What is the authors purpose in writing this passage? A.To encourage people to be courageous. B.To advise people to build up physical power. C.To tell people the ways to guarantee success. D.To recommend people to develop more abilities. 解析:写作意图题。文章第一段最后一句就点明了作者的写作目的,作者通过自身经历鼓励人们越来越勇敢和自信,从而发挥自己的最大潜能。 答案:A,A,B,B (2015湖北卷,B篇) What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isnt a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle.On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles.Loe and her family grow,can(装罐) and preserve much of the food they consume. Loe is a master food preserver,gardener and canning expert.She also operates a website,where she shares her tips and recipes,with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control whats on their plate. Loe initially went to school to become an engineer,but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food.“I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs(香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,”she said.Engineer by day,Loe learned cooking at night school.She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.,A,B,“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,”Loe said.Through her website Loe emphasizes that“anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony(阳台)?Plant some herbs.A window?Perfect spot for growing.Start with herbs,she recommends,because “theyre very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,”she added.“I think its a great place to start.”Then?Try growing something from a seed,she said,like a tomato or some tea. Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does.With every planted food,Loe noted,theres a moment when its bursting with its absolute peak flavor.“I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,”Loe said.“Canning for me is about knowing whats in your food,knowing where it comes from.”,A,B,In addition to being more in touch with the food shes eating,another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children:“Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,”she said,“that if we dont take care of the earth,no one will.” 【语篇导读】本文为记叙文。Theresa Loe通过创办网站教会城市,更多的人充分利用居住环境自己开辟农场,种植果蔬,过上自给自足的快乐生活。,A,B,6.The underlined word“prerequisite”(Para.1)is closest in meaning to “ ”. A.recipe B.substitute C.requirement D.challenge 解析:词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第一句“What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isnt a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle.”以及后文可知,Loe并没有拥有一个大农场也能吃上新鲜的果蔬,过上现代的自给自足的生活。因此可知,prerequisite是“前提,必备条件”的意思。 答案:C,A,B,7.Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs? A.They are used daily. B.They are easy to grow. C.They can grow very tall. D.They can be eaten uncooked. 解析:推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“theyre very forgiving.”可以得知,herbs很“宽容”,在此表示比较容易种植,对种植要求不高。故选B项。 答案:B,A,B,8.According to Loe,what is the benefit of canning her planted foods? A.It can preserve their best flavor. B.It can promote her online sales. C.It can better her cooking skills. D.It can improve their nutrition. 解析:细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段第二句中的“.theres a moment when its bursting with its absolute peak flavor.”可知,将食物罐藏会保存它们的最佳味道。故选A项。 答案:A,A,B,9.What is the “the bigger picture”(Para.6) that Loe wishes her children to understand? A.The knowledge about good food. B.The way to live a grow-our-own life. C.The joy of getting in touch with foods. D.The responsibility to protect our earth. 解析:推理判断题。根据文章最后一句中的“.if we dont take care of the earth,no one will.”可知,此处指的应是保护好地球,故选D项。 答案:D,
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