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Unit 4 Making the news,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.photographn.照片 vt.给照相 photographern.摄影师 2.delightedadj.快乐的;欣喜的 delightn.快乐;欣喜 vt.使高兴;使欣喜 3.admirableadj.值得赞扬的;令人钦佩的 admirevt.补助,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,6.Submit vt.递交;呈递(文件等) 7.Profession n.职业;专业 Professional adj.职业的;专业的 n.专业人员 Professor n.教授;(大学的)讲师 8.eageradj.渴望的;热切的 eagerly急切地;渴望地 9.concentratevt.成就,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,11.assessvt.评估,评定 assessmentn.评估,评定 12.informvt.告知;通知 informedadj.见多识广的;有学问的 13.casen.情况;病例;案例 14.accusevt.指责,谴责;控告 accusedn.被告 adj.被控告的 accusationn.指责,谴责;控告 15.deliberatelyadv.故意地 deliberateadj.故意的 16.guiltyadj.犯罪的,有罪的;内疚的 guiltn.犯罪,有罪;过失,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,17.demandn.要求,需求 vt.要求;需要 demandingadj.要求高的;费力的 18.technicaladj.技术(上)的,技巧方面的 technicallyadv.技术上;工艺上 techniquen.技术;工艺 19.thoroughadj.彻底的;详尽的 thoroughlyadv.十分;彻底地 20.giftedadj.有天赋的 giftn.天赋,天才;礼物 21.crimen.罪行;犯罪 criminaladj.犯罪的,犯法的 n.罪犯,犯人 22.approvevt.赞成,认可;批准 approvaln.批准;同意,认可,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,23.processvt.加工;处理 n.过程;程序;步骤 24.appointmentn.约会;任命 appointvt.任命,委派;约定,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.concentrate on 集中;全神贯注于 2.depend on/upon 依靠;依赖 3.accuse.of. 因指责/控告 4.so as to (do sth.) 为了(做) 5.ahead of 在前面,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.你有没有遇到过这样的情况:别人控告你的记者,说他(她)们的报道失实? Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? 2.周扬永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报纸办公室的第一次工作任务。 Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. 3.只有提很多不同的问题,你才能收集到你所需要了解的所有信息。 Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. 4.事情的经过就是这样的。 This is how the story goes. 5.一位足球运动员被指控受贿,故意不进球,好让对方球队赢。 A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.,Zhou Yangs first work assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper started with a 1.discussion (discuss) with his new bossHu Xin,which was to 2.strongly(strong) influence his life as a journalist. First,Hu Xin told him only when he became more 3.experienced(experience) could he cover a story 4.on his own.Second,Hu Xin required him to be curious and have 5.a good “nose” for a story,which would enable him 6.to acquire(acquire) all the information he needs.Third,Hu Xin 7.gave(give) him a list of dos and donts.He had to listen carefully for detailed facts.If possible,he could use a recorder to get the facts straight and have the 8.evidence(evident) to support his story if someone challenged him.At last,Hu Xin told him a case 9.where a footballer accused her journalists of 10.getting(get) the wrong end of the stick.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,assist vt.帮助,援助,协助 First well put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist.首先我们会安排你给一位有经验的记者做助理。(教材原句P26) 常见用法 assist sb.in doing/to do/with sth.帮助某人做某事 He asked us to assist him in carrying through his plan.他请求我们帮他完成他的计划。 Can I assist you with these parcels?我来帮你拿这些包裹好吗? 拓展延伸 assistance n.帮助,援助 come to ones assistance来帮助某人 with the assistance of.在的帮助下 assistant n.助手,助理,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用 完成句子 1.好的眼镜有助于你阅读。 Good glasses will assist you to read.(read) 2.在老师的帮助下我已把这首诗译成汉语。 With the assistance of the teacher,I have translated the poem into Chinese.(assist) 3.同车的一位乘客过来帮助了她。 One of her fellow passengers came to her assistance.(assist),重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,submit vt.屈服,听从;呈送,提交;主张 vi.顺从,服从 Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.晚些时候,你就可以独自去进行新闻采访并递交稿件了。(教材原句P26) 常见用法 1.submit to 服从;屈从 submit oneself to sb./sth.=give in to sb./sth.向屈服,投降;听命于 2.submit sth.to sb.向某人呈递/提交(文件、建议等) I will not submit to your bullying.我不会屈服于你的欺侮。 Well submit ourselves to the courts judgments.我们将听从法庭的裁决。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 submission n.屈服,屈从;呈送,递交 in submission to 顺从,屈服,听从 I offer my resignation in submission to your request.我按你的要求提交了辞呈。 现学活用 完成句子 1.她不屈服于他的控制。 She refused to submit to his control. 2.就是那个人,我曾向他提交过申请。 Thats the man to whom I had submitted my application.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,eager adj.热切的,渴望的 Youll find your colleagues very eager to assist you.你会发现同事们会非常乐于帮助你(教材原句P26) 常见用法 be eager for.想得到;渴望 be eager to do sth.渴望做某事 be only too eager to do sth.过于迫切地想做某事 be eager that.(should) do.渴望 She is eager for success.她渴望成功。 Maggie was eager to visit me.麦琪急于来看我。 Some patients are only too eager to tell you exactly how they feel.有些病人太急于告诉你他们的切身感受。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 long for.盼望 be greedy for.渴望 现学活用 用eager构成的短语完成句子 1.所有学生都渴望获得一等奖。 All students are eager for the first prize. 2.那位作家很渴望多花点时间来陪伴家人了。 The writer was very eager to spend more time with her family.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,acquire vt.取得,获得;学到(知识、技术);养成(习惯、嗜好) Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.只有提很多不同的问题,你才能收集到你需要了解的所有信息。(教材原句P26) 常见用法 acquire sth.得到某物 acquire sth.from sb.从某人处得到某物 acquire knowledge/skills/reputation学到知识/习得技能/赢得名声 acquire the habit of sth.养成做某事的习惯 acquire a taste for sth.开始喜欢某事物,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,How did he acquire his wealth?他的财富是怎样得来的? She soon acquired a reputation as a first-class cook.她不久便获得了一级厨师的荣誉。 She acquired a good knowledge of English by careful study.她精通英语是认真学习的结果。 He acquired the habit of smoking during that hard time.他在那段艰苦的日子里养成了抽烟的习惯。 拓展延伸 acquisition n.获得,习得;获得物,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用 完成句子 1.我把它视为一次获得新技能的机会。 I look on it as an opportunity to acquire fresh skills. 2.我们希望人们养成使用公共交通工具的习惯,而非驾驶自己的小汽车。 We want people to acquire the habit of using public transport instead of their own cars.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,inform vt.告知;通知 vi.告发 They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.他们必须通过调查研究来获悉事件被遗漏的那部分情况。(教材原句P26) 常见用法 inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事 inform sb.that.通知某人 keep sb.informed of.通知某人关于 be well informed 听说;(对某事)消息灵通 inform against/on/upon sb.告发某人;告知某人 The sales manager asked his men to inform him of everything concerning the sales in time.销售部经理让他手下的人将关于销售量的所有情况及时报告给他。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,He was informed that he had been fired because of his neglect of his duty.因为玩忽职守,他被告知自己已经被开除了。 He went to the police and informed on the criminals.他来到警察局告发了那些罪犯。 现学活用 单句填空 1.The president promised to keep all the board members informed(inform) of how the negotiations were going on. 2.I informed her mother of/about her safe arrival. 3.How sorry I felt when I was informed(inform) of your illness!,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,case n.事例;情况;病例;案件;手提箱 Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?你有没有遇到过这样的情况:别人控告你的记者,说他(她)们的报道失实?(教材原句P26) 常见用法 in case假使;以防万一(后接从句或相当于副词) in case of 万一;假使;如果;以防(后接名词、代词) in no case (在任何情况下)都不,决不 in any case 无论如何;总之 in that case 那样的话;在那种情况下 as is often the case 这是常有的事,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,In case of fire,ring the alarm bell.如遇失火,请按警铃。 In no case will China be the first country to use nuclear weapons.在任何情况下,中国绝不首先使用核武器。 He shouts when he gets angry,as is often the case.他生气时就大叫,这是常有的情形。 特别提醒 in no case表示否定含义,在句首时句子用部分倒装。 现学活用 单句填空 1.Today,well discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 2.As is often the case,Miss Wang is the first to get to school. 3.Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow in case I forget.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,accuse vt.指责,谴责;控告 Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?你有没有遇到过这样的情况:别人控告你的记者,说他(她)们的报道失实?(教材原句P26) 常见用法 accuse sb./sth.for.因而指责某人/事 accuse sb.of (doing) sth.指责/控告某人(做)某事 be accused of.被指控 Man often accuses nature for his own misfortune.人常因自己的不幸而责怪老天。 They accused their government of betraying the interests of the people.他们谴责政府出卖民族利益。 He was accused of murder.他被指控犯了谋杀罪。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,词义辨析 1.accuse指正式或非正式、官方或个人的指控,常与介词of连用。 We accused him of taking bribes.我们控告他受贿。 2.charge多指正式的控告,侧重“使承担责任”,与介词with搭配。 The police charged the driver with careless driving.警察指控那个司机粗心驾驶。 现学活用 单句改错 1.The soldier was charged of running away when the enemy attacked.(of改为with) 2.His neighbor accused him for playing the musical instrument too loudly.(for改为of),重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,demand vt.有求于 meet/satisfy ones demand (for sth.)满足某人(的)需求,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,She demanded to see the headmaster.她请求见校长。 The teacher demanded that the students (should) be on time to school.这位老师要求学生们准时到校。 I demand a lot of others but more of myself.我对别人要求很多,但对自己要求更多。 词义辨析 1.demand口气强硬,有断然的意味,通常指上级对下级不折不扣的要求,后接名词、不定式或从句。 2.request指比较正式、有礼貌地提出要求,语气比demand弱,且主语只能是人。可用request sb.to do sth.或request sth.from sb.结构。 3.require意为“要求,需要”,着重指事物内在的需要或规章制度的要求。可以用require sb.to do sth.或require sth.of sb.结构;主语为物时常用require doing或require to be done结构。 4.insist指坚决要求,坚持。用法为insist on doing sth.或insist that.。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用 单句填空 1.The teacher came to the classroom and demanded to be told(tell) what had happened. 2.The parents demanded that their son (should) devote(devote) most of the time to learning,even at weekends and holidays. 3.They can learn cooking skills,which are always in great demand.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,approve vi.赞成,同意 vt.批准,通过;认可,赞成,满意 Last of all,the chief editor read it and approved it.最后主编审读了这篇稿子,并且批准发表了。(教材原句P30) 常见用法 approve of sth.同意某事 approve of sb.doing sth.同意某人做某事 approve sth.批准,通过(计划、提案等) We cant approve of this sort of thing.我们不能赞同这种事。 The minister approved the building plan.部长批准了该项建筑计划。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 approval n.赞成,同意;批准 win ones approval 赢得某人的同意 in approval 赞同,同意 with/without approval of sb.经/未经某人批准 Several people nodded in approval.好几个人点头表示同意。 现学活用 单句填空 1.Im afraid your parents wont approve of your going there. 2.When will the expert come and give the lecture on intellectual property? Not until our program has been approved(approve) by the authorities. 3.She desperately wanted to win her fathers approval(approve).,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,concentrate on 全神贯注,集中 .so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if youre interested.因此如果你对摄影感兴趣,以后你可以集中精力去研究它。(教材原句P26) 常见用法 concentrate on doing sth.集中精力做某事 concentrate ones mind/effort/attention on sth.把思想/努力/注意力集中在某事上 Many firms are concentrating on increasing their markets overseas.许多公司正在集中精力开拓它们的海外市场。 He concentrated his attention on the question of technology.他将注意力全都贯注在技术问题上。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 1.表示“专心于”的短语: focus.on,be lost in,be occupied in,be absorbed in,be buried in,be employed in,apply oneself/ones mind to,put ones heart/mind in 2.concentrated adj.全神贯注的;集中的,密集的 concentration n.集中;专心 Our population is concentrated in the big cities.我国人口集中在大城市里。 现学活用 单句填空 1.Having failed my French exams,I decided to concentrate on science subjects. 2.We must concentrate our efforts on improving(improve) education. 3.He made a concentrated(concentrate) effort to finish the work on time. 4.Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration(concentrate).,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,depend on/upon依靠,依赖;取决于,由决定 Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.同时,你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。(教材原句P26) 常见用法 depend on/upon sb./sth.依靠(相信)某人/某事 depend on/upon sb.to do sth.依靠某人做某事 depend on/upon sb.for sth.依靠某人供给某物 depend on/upon it that.指望;深信 depend on/upon +wh-clause视而定,取决于,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,You cant depend on Jackhe always arrives late.别指望杰克他总是迟到。 Were depending on you to finish the job by Monday.我们相信你周一之前能完成工作。 Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.孩子们依靠父母供给衣食。 You may depend on it that she will help you.你可以指望她帮助你的。 The amount you pay your parcel depends on where you live.包裹得付多少钱视住址而定。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 1.That depends./It all depends.视情况而定。 2.rely on/count on 依靠 3.dependent adj.依赖的,依靠的 independent adj.独立的,有主见的 dependence n.依靠,依赖,信任,信赖 independence n.独立,自主,自立,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用 用depend的相关短语完成句子 1.万物生长靠太阳。 All living things depend on the sun for their growth. 2.除了你,我没有可依靠的人。 I have no one but you to depend on. 3.你们可以相信她会完成这个计划。 You may depend on it that she will fulfill the plan. 4.我不知道我们能不能帮上忙,一切都得看情况而定。 I dont know if we can helpit all depends.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,倒装句 Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.周扬永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报纸办公室的第一项工作任务。(教材原句P26) never 位于句首时,句子常采用倒装语序,句式结构为“Never+助动词+主语+其他”。用于此类倒装句型的否定词语还有hardly,seldom,little,not only,not until,no sooner,at no time,by no means,in no case,under no circumstances等。 Never will my friend Paul forget his first teacher of chemistry.我的朋友保罗永远不会忘记他的第一位化学老师。 Under no circumstances will we rent our apartment to someone with a criminal record.不论在什么情况下,我们都不会把公寓租给有犯罪记录的人。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 常见的几种倒装句 1.only修饰副词、介词或介词短语、状语从句置于句首时要用倒装,将相应的助动词放到主语之前。 2.否定副词not,never,seldom,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,few,not until等位于句首时,句子要倒装。 3.副词so放在句首,表示前面肯定句中所说的情况也适用于另外一个人时,句子要倒装;当neither,nor在句首,表示前面否定的情况也适用于另外一个人时句子要倒装;so,nor,neither表示相同概念的肯定或否定时,句子也要倒装。 4.here,how,there,then等副词位于句首时,要倒装。 5.在虚拟语气的条件从句中,省略了if后,had,were,should等放在条件句主语前,形成倒装。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用 完成句子 1.只有每天练习几个小时,你才能使用它。 Only by practicing a few hours every day will you be able to use it. 2.我过去在这儿工作的时候很少犯错。 Seldom did I make any mistakes during my past few years of working here. 3.他是个好学生,学习很努力。她也是如此。 He is a good student,and works very hard.So does she. 4.他的朋友吉姆现在就在这些人当中。 Among these people is his friend Jim at the moment. 5.要是明天下雨,我们将推迟去北京旅游。 Should it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off visiting Beijing.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,so as to (do sth.)为了(做某事) A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.一位足球运动员被指控受贿,故意不进球,好让对方球队赢。(教材原句P26) so as to 引导目的状语,否定形式是so as not to,可转换为so that引导的目的状语从句。 You must watch your step so as not to fall down.你必须留心脚下才不会跌下去。 so.as to 引导结果状语,so后接形容词或副词。该结构可转换为so.that引导的结果状语从句。 such.as to引导结果状语,such后常接名词,可转换为such.that引导的结果状语从句。用作be such as to时,意为“如此以至”,such后不可接其他词。 His illness is not such as to cause anxiety.他的病还不是那样叫人忧虑的。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 in order to 引导目的状语,可置于句末或句首,其否定形式是in order not to。也可转换为in order that 引导的目的状语从句。 In order to win the champion,all the teams are training hard.为了赢得冠军,所有的队都在刻苦训练。 现学活用 将下列句子改为简单句 1.He told her a white lie so that he might not hurt her feelings. He told her a white lie so as not to/in order not to hurt her feelings. 2.Please check the list carefully in order that you may avoid mistakes. In order to avoid mistakes,please check the list carefully.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,3.He was so angry that he was not able to speak. He was so angry as not to be able to speak. 4.I am not such a fool that I can believe that. I am not such a fool as to believe that. 5.He was so kind that he made us all love him. His kindness was such as to make us all love him.,一、单句填空 1.(2015浙江高考改编)This type of graph is most (common) used to show how something changes over time. monly。此处指“被广泛地使用”,应用副词修饰动词used。 2.(2015江苏高考改编)Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital (assistant). 2.assistants。computers用复数表示泛指,assistant也应用复数与之匹配。句意:像电脑和个人数码助手一样,手机已成为越来越多的电子垃圾的一部分了。 3.(2015重庆高考改编)The camps have excellent horses, (profession) guides and lots of support workers. 3.professional。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词复数guides,professional意为“专业的,职业的”。句意:营地里有优良的马匹、专业的导游和众多的支持工作者。,4.(2015陕西高考改编)Previous generations concentrated on (get) children to school on time,fed,dressed and ready to learn. 4.getting。on为介词,其后接动名词作宾语。句意:前辈家长们关注的是让孩子按时去上学,让孩子吃好、穿好、做好求学的准备。 5.(2015北京高考改编)If accepted for the job,youll (inform) soon. 5.be informed。主句主语you与inform之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。句意:如果他们接受你从事这份工作,会很快通知你的。 6.(2015安徽高考改编)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends. 6.which。这是一个含有定语从句的复合句,skill为先行词,代指skill的关系代词应用which。depend on/upon“依靠,依赖”。句意:有些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。,7.(2015陕西高考改编)Such a person may be forgiven if he is late,but not those who are (deliberate) late to create impression. 7.deliberately。此处应用副词deliberately修饰形容词late。句意:这样的人迟到了会被原谅的,但那些为了给人留下印象而故意迟到的人则不会被原谅。 8.(2015四川高考改编)“ (technical),I think what theyre proposing is possible,” physicist Daniel Bonn said. 8.Technically。此处应用副词修饰整个句子,意为“严格按照规则地,严格按照事实地”。句意:物理学家丹尼尔波恩说道,“严格说来,我认为他们的建议是有可能实现的。”,9.(2013上海高考改编)And finally,the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person face we are looking at. 9.whose。此处face和the person之间为所属关系,因此用whose引导定语从句。 10.Only when Lily walked into the office she realize that she had left the contract at home. 10.did。句意:当莉莉走进办公室的时候,她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。“only+状语”置于句首时,主句用部分倒装。,二、单元话题微写作 业余记者 根据提示,将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。 1.因为在写作方面很有天赋,所以我渴望当一名业余记者。(be gifted for;be eager to;amateur journalist) 2.我很高兴地交上申请后不久,高级主编就批准了我的申请。(submit;be delighted;approve of) 3.为了做得更加专业,我全神贯注于工作,且不时地提升自身的业务水平。(in order to;concentrate on;update) 4.让人钦佩的是,我极少因为犯错而受到责备。(admirable;be accused of) 5.我的经历表明,工作成功与否取决于你自身的努力和提高。(depend on),Being gifted for writing,I was eager to be an amateur journalist.I was delighted that the senior chief editor approved of my application shortly after I submitted.In order to become more professional,I concentrated on my job and updated myself now and then.It was admirable that I was seldom accused of making mistakes.My working experience shows whether your job is successful or not depends on your hard work and improvement.,
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