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中考作文辅导,By Tony,审题,确定写作内容,写人,叙事,议论,应用文,动笔,Brain Storm,写下涉及该题的各种联想和论点,选择语句,运用关联词语排列语句,转折：but, yet, however, though, although, 时间，顺序：first, second, next, and, then, after that, finally. firstly, secondly, finally (last but not least) at the same time, from now on, in the end, at last 递进：besides, also, in addition,also, not only.but also, whats more 解释：1. in other words 2. or 3. That is to say.,作文常用连接词语,作文常用词语,因果：because, because of, therefore, so,as a result, thus 例举：such as, like, for example, and so on, 肯定：of course, certainly, 对照：1. instead 2. instead of 3. On the contrary. 总结：1.Generally speaking.2.To tell you the truth.3 Believe it or not. 4. All in all.5 In a word.6. On the whole.7.For these reasons. 8. That is why.9. As we all know.=As is known to us 转换话题：1.In my opinion.2.In fact.3. By the way. 4.I am afraid.,修饰,注意时态和人称,写人,叙事,议论,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般现在时,从句：名词性从句 定语从句 状语从句 被动语态 强调句 感叹句,修饰,检查,句子流畅 时态 单词拼写 冠词 大小写 标点符号,一审题 写好作文必先审题，明确所给的提示或 图表的内容要求，确定写什么，怎么写， 怎样在适当的地方提出所写文章的健康 积极的中心论点；思路讨巧和视角新颖 也可使文章增色不少。,二结构 要考虑好文章的体裁和布局，一般来说, 文章包括三个组成部分：主题句点出主旨， 发展部分用事实、例子、理由、数据等来 发挥阐明主题，说明或支持主旨，结尾 句起总结、归纳或概括全段中心的作用。,三表达方式,1 文章中不要总用同一个常用的词， 相同意思可用不同单词表达如many 可换用millions of，a number of等词。,2 采用多种句式，避免在整篇文章中 只使用一两个句式 。引入从句、各种 语态、语气，或谚语,4 使用恰当的连词、插入语，使文章 有较强的连贯性，适当地注意文章的 开头和结尾的文采。,3 改变句子的开头方式。不要一味地 用主语开头,适当使用状语提前。,四.复查修改 整篇作文写完后，一定要仔细检查， 查看有无遗漏的要点和标点符号， 并检查字母的大小写、单词拼写， 特别要注意文中的动词（主谓一致、 时态、语态）使用的正确性以及字数 是否符合要求。,A（15-18分）能写出全部或绝大部分内容要点；语言基本无误，行文连贯，表达清楚。 B（12-14.5分）能写出大部分内容要点；语言基本无误，行文基本连贯，表达基本清楚。 C（8-11.5分）能写出部分内容要点；语言有较多错误，尚能达意。 D（4-7.5分）只能写出少部分内容要点；语言错误很多。 E（0-3.5分）只能写出与所要求内容有关的一些单词或几个句子。,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量， 确定或调整档次，最后给分。对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。,短文字数要控制在60-80字，文章太短太长都将扣分。 在书写时要字迹清晰、整洁、格式正确，大小写分明、标点符号应正确使用。,本题满分为18分，依据内容、语言和结构按五个档次给分。,评分时,细节失分莫忽略,这里推荐大家采用一种行之有效的练习方法，就是模仿写作。 如果我们每次写作都在同一语言水平写，而不注意随时的积累，提高速度就会比较缓慢。 写作中重要的构成因素，除了语言以外，谋篇布局的逻辑其实是很重要的。如果从投入 产出上比较背诵范文和模仿写作，后者帮助提高的效果应该是更快些。因为后者比前者更 有针对性。你能通过写完之后的比较，更好的发现自己写作中或思维上的问题。但对于 基础弱的、没法成句的学生是必须要记一些的，这样保证在考试紧张时，起码能完成 写作任务。如果积累到一定水平之后，自然就会练就更多的谋篇布局的方式方法。再次 强调，对于大部分的学生因把主要精力放在谋篇布局和句型结构的选择上。 建议大量阅读范文和模仿写作同步进行。在一篇范文中看到的好句子，争取自己在 下一篇的写作中就把它用出去。,1. 审题不清 依据作文的评分原则，若文章内容不切题，则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确，都会 被判为零分。 2.拼写错误 有拼写错误的作文肯定会被酌情扣分，而且有大量拼写错误存在的作文不仅体现出语言 基本功差，同时也直接影响内容的表达，通常会降低作文的档次。 3.名词单复数问题： 4.缺少动词 英语中每个完整的句子都必须有动词来构成 5.缺少介词、冠词等 因为没有熟练掌握介词或者冠词的用法，不了解中英文语言习惯的不同，也会出现明 显的错误，造成丢分现象。 6.代词的误用 是考生最容易发生的错误。 7.句子不完整 因为对句子结构认识模糊，所以出现只写半句的现象，这也是造成失分的原因之一。 8.前后不一致 所谓不一致，包括数的不一致、时态不一致及代词不一致、主谓不一致等. 9.时态、人称和数的搭配错误 10.综合性错误： 指单词的大小写和标点符号的错误等，以及形容词和副词的混淆、连词的误用等等。,学生例文,The life as a Grade Nine student MY life in Grade Nine is busy but colourful. During the last five months I have been through so many things such basketball games and different contests that I hardly have the chance to take a day off, but it is still great to have this kind of experience.,I have worked hard for eight years and Ill keep working hard in order to have a bright future. The plan I have for the whole year is to work harder than before and study more efficiently. Time goes by quickly and the following six months is very important to me in my whole life. No pains, no gains. I will not waste a single minute and do the best I can to make great progress.,(1),This is a photo of my class teacher. She is Mrs Wang. She likes beautiful and lovely. She is helpful. But she usually lose his temper easly. She has two big eyes and a long hair. She is very response. I like she very much.She teach us Chinese .She usually say: “please copy it 100 time!” She is very angry. When she is happy. She is very funny. She like play traits on us, This is my class teacher, A funny, beautiful,lovely, and helpful teacher. We all like she very much. (105words),(2),My class teacher is Mrs Zhong. And she is a strict teacher. All of us must be agree with she. Because she seldom smiled and ask all of us to be better. And she is a wonderful teacher as well. First, the last batch student whom she taught were good and outstanding. Second, her speech always make us think about future in order to study to get a good future. And then, she is beautiful at heart. Although we are such bad, she teach us_.And across all of these, she is a good class teacher. (110 words),(3),My class teacher is Miss Wang. She teaches us Chinese. She is good-looking . I think she is very responsible. Because she doesnt only teach us Chinese but also teach us how to learn Chinese well. She is always polite and helpful to others. She humorous and makes us burst into laughter. When I saw her for the first time, I though she was gentle and kind. She is always in fashion, but if we do something wrong, she will lose her temper. Many students is afraid of her because she loses her temper easily. She always teach us how to be a true man. We learn a lot from that. She is _ attractive that most of us respect her. (122 words),My Free Time As a Grade Nine student, I dont have as much free time as before. I have to attend classes at weekends. Although my life is full of work, I still feel happy. I usually play basketball and tennis when I am free. They are my favorite sports. In my opinion, playing ball games is thought of as a good form of exercise. These activities enable me to calm myself down, so that I can do better in studying and working. Reading is also my hobby. I often read books which are written in English such as “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer”、“Mysteries of Sherlock Holmes” and so on. They are worth reading because the plots are wonderful and unforgettable. It is also an opportunity for me to improve my English. Dont take for granted that all we can do in free time is to play. Believe it or not, we can also benefit from that.,The Life as A Grade 9 Student How time flies! Now Im a grade nine student. Actually I feel the life is quite different from it used to be. Now Im as busy as a bee. Theres a lot of homework, exams and quizzes. The only feeling I have now is : The life as a Grade Nine student is very busy and challenging ! ! Theres an old saying: He who fails to plan plans to fail. I dont want to fail, so I create a plan for the whole year : Since nothing is difficult if I put my heart into it, I will change my attitude towards maths and physics which I am poor at now. Ill spend the following six months efficiently. Ill try my best to benefit from what teachers will teach us in class. As theres no elevator to success, Ill do everything step by step! ! I believe that I can do - Xue Zhuxin Class 7,中考英语作文十大常见错误分析,俗话说“千里之行始于足下”。英语作文能力的形成不是一日之功，必须从平时的课堂学习一点一滴抓起，持之以恒。 一篇优秀的英语作文在内容和语言两方面应是一个统一体，任何一方面的欠缺都会直接影响到作文的质量。然而，很多考生在写作中或者由于粗心大意，或者由于基本功不扎实而经常出现名词不变复数、第三人称单数不加s，前后不一致，以及时态语态、句子完整性等方面的错误。,依据作文的评分原则，若文章内容不切题，则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确，都会被判为零分。例如:一篇以 “我的健康饮食”为标题的文章学生如果写成了以某种菜的做法或感谢妈妈为他每天做饭的文章,不管用词多么恰当,语言多么感人,都不能获得高分.所以写作文之前要先审题,最好列出提纲.做到要写什么一目了然.,1. 审题不清,2.拼写错误,拼写是考生应该具备的最起码的基本功，但在考生的作文中却经常能发现很多拼写错误. 有大量拼写错误存在的作文不仅体现出语言基本功差，同时也直接影响内容的表达，会降低作文的档次。常出现的拼写错误的单词很多同学都有共性,在平时的训练中可强调,尽量减少此类错误.,3.名词单复数问题：,单复数的错误产生原因有的是因为语法问题,例如临近原则问题,可数名词和不可数名词分不清.还有的是不认真马虎造成的. 误 My father and my mother is all teacher. 正 My father and my mother are both teachers.,4. 缺少动词,在汉语中没有动词的句子是允许的，但英语中每个完整的句子都必须有动词来构成，如：“我累了。”这个句子没有动词作谓语，而用形容词，但英语形容词不能作谓语，一定要写成：Im tired. 误 I happy I can come to Beijing Zoo. 正 I am happy I can come to Beijing Zoo. 误 The apples cheap. Ill take some. 正 The apples are cheap. Ill take some.,5.缺少介词、冠词等,还有一些考生因为没有熟练掌握介词或者冠词的用法，不了解中英文语言习惯的不同，也会出现明显的错误，造成丢分现象。 误 Because heavy rain we cant hold the sports meeting. 正 Because of the heavy rain we cant hold the sports meeting.,6.代词的误用,英语中代词的形式很多，包括主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词等。而汉语中没有主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和名次性物主代词之分；此外汉语中很多时候不用物主代词，而英语中物主代词是不可省略的，代词的误用是考生最容易发生的错误。 误 I mother and I went to the shop to buy a present for I father. 正 My mother and I went to the shop to buy a present for my father.,7.句子不完整,有的考生因为对句子结构认识模糊，所以出现只写半句的现象，这也是造成失分的原因之一。 误 Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college. For example, my friend in high school. (这段文章的第二句话没有动词，他不能独立构成一个句子。这是一个非常常见的错误，修改的方法是将两个句子连接起来。) 正 Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college, for example, my friend in high school.,8.前后不一致,所谓不一致，包括数的不一致、时态不一致及代词不一致、主谓不一致等. 例1. When one have knowledge, he can do what he want to do. (人一旦有了知识，他就能想干什么就干什么.) 剖析：one是单数第三人称，因而本句的have应改为has ;同理，want应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致. 改为 When one has knowledge , he can do what he wants (to do),9.时态、人称和数的搭配错误,汉语动词无时态、人称和数的变化，而对英语来说，这些都至关重要。例： 误 When I get to the station the train leave. 正 When I got to the station the train had left.,10. 综合性错误：,综合性错误是指单词的大小写以及形容词和副词的混淆、连词的误用等等。这些都是靠考生平时知识的积累，遇到好的文章.段落.句子或词组进行载抄积累,对作文的提高有一定的帮助.,Examples:,I very like my free time.,改为：I enjoy my free time very much .,I think its a good way for me to relax my heart , brain and body. ( myself),The free time also makes our friendship better than before.,改为：In our free time, we can communicate with our friends and strengthen our friendship.,or : I can spend more time with my good friends together and we will be closer than before.,I think my free time is wonderful.,改为： I think I have a wonderful time in my free time. Or I enjoy myself very much in the spare time.,My free time is always used to study so Im nor enjoy it very much.,改为：I have to spend all my spare time studying so I dont enjoy it vey much,Although my free time is very busy, ,改为： Although I am very busy in my free time , .,Miss Qian is our class teacher. She is thin and short ., but she is Very patient and friendly. She has short hair. She is about thirty-five years Old. She is our maths teacher. We often have a discussion with her after class. When we find a good way to solve the problems. she will be very happy. Miss Qian is a good teacher. With her help, my maths is getting better and better . I like Miss Qian. She is my teacher, also she is my friend.,Miss (Ms) Qian is our class teacher . She is about thirty-five years Old. She is a thin and short lady (who ) has short hair . she is Very patient and friendly (to us ). She is our maths teacher (she teaches us maths). We often have a discussion with her after class. When we find a good way to solve the problems, she will be very happy. Miss Qian is a good teacher. With her help, my maths is getting better and better . I like Miss Qian, (Because) She is not only my teacher but also my friend.,Our teacher is Miss QIan. She teaches us maths. (who also) She is short and thin and she has (a) (teacher with ) short hair and small eyes. She likes smiling at us . She is a quiet person. She teaches very (so ) well ( that) all the students in our class are good at maths . If we have questions, we can ask her. She is (both) friendly and helpful. She always helps us With our study. (In many ways besides study) So we all like her very much. (So she is not only our teacher but also our friend. ),
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