三相异步电动机自锁与互锁的控制.ppt

第三章 三相异步电动机的基本控制线路,3-1 自锁与互锁的控制,自锁与互锁的控制,一、开题,电气控制电路,电气控制方法,电气控制设备,以各类电动机等为控制对象，采用电气控制方法实现运行方式的控制，并实现生产过程自动化，满足加工要求。,继电器、接触器控制法（最基本的控制法） 可编逻辑控制法 计算机控制法,用控制电器按一定逻辑规律组合而成,电气传动自动控制设备在国民经济各行业的生产机械中得到广泛应用。,自锁与互锁的控制,二、自锁与互锁的定义,自锁控制,通过启动按钮(点动)启动后让接触器线圈持续有电,致使保持接点通路状态,几个回路之间，利用某一回路的辅助触点，去控制对方的线圈回路，进行状态保持或功能限制。一般对象是对其他回路的控制。,自锁与互锁的控制,三、三相异步电动机单向运转控制电路,控制电路图,电路元件组成,电路工作原理,自锁 控制,电源开关QS 启动按钮SB1 停止按钮SB2 接触器KM,自锁控制电路工作原理,（1）起动过程:,按下起动按钮SBl,接触器KM线圈通电,KM的辅助常开触点 闭合,松开按钮SBl后KM 线圈持续通电,KM的主触点持续闭合,电动机连续运转,自锁控制电路工作原理,（2）停止过程：,按下停止按钮SB2,接触器KM线圈断电,KM的辅助常开触点 断开,松开按钮SB2后KM 线圈持续失电,KM的主触点持续断 开，电动机停转,自锁与互锁的控制,四、三相异步电动机正反转控制电路,倒顺开关正反转控制线路,接触器联锁正反转控制线路,电动机正反转的双重互锁电路,1,2,3,1.倒顺开关正反转控制线路,L1 L2 L3,FU,QS,熔断器,电动机停转,U,V,W,手柄扳至“停”位置,M 3,L1 L2 L3,FU,QS,电动机正转,U,V,W,M 3,熔断器,手柄扳至“顺”位置,1.倒顺开关正反转控制线路,L1 L2 L3,FU,QS,熔断器,电动机停转,U,V,W,手柄扳至“停”位置,M 3,1.倒顺开关正反转控制线路,L1 L2 L3,FU,QS,熔断器,电动机反转,U,V,W,手柄扳至“倒”位置,M 3,1.倒顺开关正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KM1,U -L1 V -L2 W-L3,U -L3 V -L2 W-L1,M 3,利用两个交流接触器交替工作，改变电源 接入电动机的相序来实现电动机正反转控制。,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KM1,合上电源开关QS,M 3,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU2,KM1,KM2,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KM1,按SB2 KM1线圈得电,FU1,M 3,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,KM1,KM2,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,KM2,KM1,KM1自锁触头闭合, 自锁 KM1动合主触头闭合,电机正转 KM1联锁触头断开 对KM2联锁,FU2,QS,FU1,M 3,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,KM1,KM2,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,KM2,KM1,松开SB2 电机继续正转运行,FU2,QS,FU1,M 3,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KM1,按下SB1, KM1线圈失电 KM1自锁触头断开,解除自锁 KM1主触头断开,电机停转 KM1联锁触头闭合，解除联锁,M 3,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KM1,松开SB1,M 3,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,KM1,KM2,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,KM2,KM1,按SB3 KM2线圈得电,FU2,QS,FU1,M 3,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,KM1,KM2,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,KM2,KM1,KM2自锁触头闭合,自锁 KM2主触头闭合,电机反转 KM2联锁触头断开 对KM1联锁,FU2,QS,FU1,M 3,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,KM1,KM2,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,KM2,KM1,松开SB3 电机继续反转,FU2,QS,FU1,M 3,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KM1,按下SB1, KM2线圈失电 KM2自锁触头断开,解除自锁 KM2主触头断开,电机停转 KM2联锁触头闭合，解除联锁,M 3,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,FR,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,FR,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KM1,松开SB1,M 3,2.接触器联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,U -L1 V -L2 W-L3,U -L3 V -L2 W-L1,KM2,KM1,M 3,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,为克服接触器联锁正反转控制电路和按钮联锁 正反转控制电路的不足，在按钮联锁的基础上，又 增加了接触器联锁，就构成按钮、接触器双重联锁 正反转控制电路。,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,合上电源开关QS,KM2,KM1,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,M 3,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,按下SB2， SB2动断触头断开,对KM2联锁 SB2动合触头闭合, KM1线圈得电,KM2,KM1,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,M 3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM1动合辅助触头闭合,对KM1自锁 KM1动合主触头闭合,电机正转 KM1动断触头断开 对KM2联锁,KM2,KM1,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,M 3,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,松开SB2, SB2动断触头闭合SB2动合触头断开电机继续正转运行,KM2,KM1,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,M 3,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,按下SB1,使KM1线圈失电,各触头复位,KM2,KM1,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,M 3,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,松开SB1,KM2,KM1,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,M 3,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,或按下SB3, SB3动断触头断开,对KM1联锁, SB3动合触头闭合,KM2线圈得电,KM2,KM1,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,M 3,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2动合辅助触头闭合,对KM2自锁 KM2动合主触头闭合,电机反转 KM2动断触头断开 对KM1联锁,KM2,KM1,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,M 3,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,松开SB3,KM2,KM1,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,M 3,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,按下SB1, KM2线圈失电， 动合辅助触头断开,解除自锁 动合主触头断开 电机停转,KM2,KM1,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,M 3,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,也可直接按下SB3, SB3动断触头断开,对KM1联锁,使KM1线圈失电, SB3动合触头闭合,KM2线圈得电,KM2,KM1,KH,KM1,KM2,KH,M 3,3.双重联锁正反转控制线路,作业：,1.总结倒顺开关正反转控制流程 2.总结接触器联锁正反转控制流程 3.总结电动机正反转的双重互锁流程,Thank You !,