综合性学习以和为贵.ppt

综合性学习 以和为贵,R八年级语文下册,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.探究“和”，了解“和”的具体含义及其在当下的积极意义。 2.交流“和”，比较全面地了解孔子“和而不同”的思想和主张，理解古今“和”的多样性思想内涵。 3.运用“和”，搜集生活中“和为贵”的典型事例，感悟剖析并从中汲取营养。,中国文化崇尚“和”，有关“和”的思想源远流长、丰富多彩。“和”既被视为诞育万物的本原，也被看作修德养性的关键，还被认为是社会交往的准绳，更被尊奉为国家共处的准则。,1.探“和”之义 孔子说：“君子和而不同，小人同而不和。”其中“和而不同”的思想，不仅是一种人际交往的方式，更是一种对待世界的哲学态度。“和而不同”已经成为中华民族传统文化的核心命题之一。当然，重视“和”的思想，对“和”与“同”内涵的思考,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,并不始于孔子，也不止于孔子。“和”的内涵是丰富的，古代经典中对“和”的论述也涉及多个方面，不乏精彩之见。搜集资料，理解“和”多样化的思想内涵，尝试用几个关联词概括“和”的含义，思考“和而不同”的思想在当下有什么意义？,2.寻“和”之用 “和”的思想，用于调和人际关系，解决各种纠纷，可以概括为一句俗语，即“和为贵”。这是孔子弟子有若的话。人们在日常生活中，大多将这里的“和”理解为“和睦”“和气”等。“六尺巷”的故事，就是“和为贵”原则在生活中的体,现。搜集能体现“和为贵”的例子，可以是身边的事，也可以是历史故事，从中搜寻“和为贵”的真谛。张英的打油诗，其实可以看作是一则诠释“和为贵”的精彩标语。每位同学创作几条以“和”为主题的宣传标语，既要有较强的针对性和一定的思想性，也要讲究语言，力求形式新颖、朗朗上口。,3.享“和”之乐 在学习和生活中，我们不可避免地会有观点的交锋，相持不下时，有些同学会恶语伤人，最后不欢而散。思考如何从“和而不同”“和为贵”的思想中汲取智慧，全班合作，制订几条“班级议事规则”。还可选择大家都比较感兴趣的一些新闻事件为话题，在班上组织一次时事讨论会。以“和而不同”为理念，一起讨论问题，互相启发，共同受益。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,将相和 战国时期，廉颇是赵国有名的良将，他战功赫赫，被拜为上卿。蔺相如“完璧归赵”有功，被封为上大夫。不久，蔺相如又在渑池秦王与赵王相会的危急关头，维护了赵王的尊严，因此也被提升为上卿，且位在廉颇之上。廉颇对此不服，扬言说：“我要是见了他，一定要羞辱他一番。”蔺相如知,道后，就有意不与廉颇会面。别人以为蔺相如害怕廉颇，廉颇为此很得意。可是蔺相如却说：“我哪里会怕廉将军？不过，现在秦国倒是有点怕我们赵国，这主要是因为有廉将军和我两个人在。如果我跟他互相攻击，那只能对秦国有益。我之所以避开,廉将军，是以国事为重，把私人的恩怨丢一边儿了！”这话传到了廉颇耳朵里，廉颇十分感动，便光着上身，背负荆杖，来到蔺相如家请罪。他羞愧地对蔺相如说：“我真是一个糊涂人，想不到你能这样地宽宏大量！”两个人抛弃前嫌，终于结成了誓同生死的朋友。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,题一：在“以和为贵”的综合性学习活动中，同学们搜集到相关的材料。请你按要求完成下列题目。,1.下面是孟子中关于治国的语录，阅读后用合适的词语概括孟子的治国思想。 【材料一】得道者多助，失道者寡助。 译文：能施行仁政的君主，支持他的人就多；不施行仁政的君主，支持他的人就少。,【材料二】国君好仁，天下无敌焉。 译文：一国的君主如果喜爱仁德，整个天下便不会有敌手。 【材料三】君仁，莫不仁；君义，莫不义；君正，莫不正。 译文：君主仁，没有人不仁；君主义，没有人不义；君主正，没有人不正。,孟子的治国思想：_,仁政（或施仁政、民贵君轻、以民为本）,2.请从下面材料中任选一句孔子名言，说说它体现了怎样的中华传统美德？具有怎样的现实意义？,北京奥运会开幕式上，2008名演员击缶而歌“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”。在古琴声中，身穿古袍，手持竹简的孔门弟子，齐声诵读“三人行，必有我师焉”“礼之用，和为贵”等儒家经典名句，在全世界面前展现了辉煌灿烂的中华文明。,我选择的名言：_ _ 传统美德：_ _ 现实意义：_ _,示例：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？；热情好客；开放的心态，广交朋友,三人行，必有我师焉；谦虚好学；善于学习别人的长处,礼之用，和为贵；重礼尚和；追求人与自然、社会和谐共处,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,题二：第29届北京奥运凸显和谐世界理念,其开幕式的文艺展示中，三个不同时期的“和”字，体现了中国以和为贵、和谐世界的思想主题。“和谐”是人类发展的追求之一。根据提示，完成下列探究任务。,【活动一】欣赏“和谐”画卷 1.观察下列图片，回答问题：,图一 14世纪前后欧亚主要商路,图二 马克波罗一行离开威尼斯,图一中的商路又叫什么？图二中的马可波罗是哪国人？他在哪个国家生活了17年？以上图片主要反映了人类文明交流的哪种方式？ _,丝绸之路 意大利 中国 和平交往或经济文化交往,【活动二】认识不“和谐”音符 2.根据下列图片反映的历史现象，简要归纳历史上影响“和谐”发展的主要因素。,_,专制统治；殖民掠夺；帝国主义战争,图三 深受压迫的法国农民,图五 德国向英国提出挑战,图四 关押在船舱里的黑奴,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,【活动三】描述“和谐”美景 3.通过上述探究，你可能会获得一些启示，请你谈一谈，你心目中的“和谐世界”应该是怎样的？ _,示例：和谐世界应该是一个民主平等的世界，和睦互信的世界，公正互利的世界，包容开放的世界，自然环境优美的世界，科技文化昌盛的世界。,