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Grammar,The present perfect,By Ms Yuan.,Travelling is fun for me.,I have been to,the Forbidden City,the Great wall,I have visited,the Temple of Heaven,the Summer Palace,Tiananmen Square,I have stayed in Beijing for 2 weeks.,I have been to the Great wall and the Forbidden City. I have visited the Summer Palace and the Temple of Heaven. I have stayed in Beijing for 2 weeks.,The present perfect,Read and learn,Ive learnt to use chopsticks. Its been a fantastic experience so far. Ive learnt a bit of tai chi. Weve already learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. Weve also tried to paint some pictures ourselves. I havent had much success yet. Ive made many new friends.,learn- learnt/learned- learnt/ learned,be- was/were- been,introduce - introduced,try- tried,have / has - had- had,make - made- made,I _ _ to use chopsticks, and theyre teaching me a little Chinese. 2. It _ _ a fantastic experience so far. 3. We_ _ _ a lot about Chinese culture and history. 4. The teachers _ _ us to Chinese painting as well. 5. We_ _ _ to paint some pictures ourselves. 6. I _ _ much success yet, but Ill keep trying. 7. I _ _ many new friends.,ve learnt,s been,ve already learnt,have introduced,ve also tried,havent had,ve made,go,Ready?,To Compare,She did homework yesterday. (she doesnt need to do her homework now.) She has already done her homework.,do/ does - did- done,She had her breakfast just now.她刚才吃了早饭。 (She is not hungry now.她现在不饿。) She has just had her breakfast.她刚吃过早饭。,To Compare,have/ has - had- had,To Compare,The elephant helped me a lot a moment ago. ( I can drive my car now.) The elephant has just helped me a lot.,help- helped,I didnt sing an English song in the singing competition last week. （I still remember the thing now.） I havent sung an English song in the singing competition yet.,To Compare,sing- sang- sung,We began to study here last year. (We still study here now.) We have studied here for more than one year.,study- studied,He began to be interested in playing computer games when he was born. (He is still interested in it now.) He has been interested in playing computer games since he was born.,be- was/were- been,1.She has already done her homework. 2.She has just had her breakfast. 3.The elephant has just helped me a lot. 4. I havent sung an English song in the singing competition yet. 定义一：过去完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 5. We have studied here for more than one year. 6. He has been interested in playing computer games since he was born. 定义二：过去开始的动作一直持续到现在或有可能继续下去。 现在完成时态的结构：,already(已经) 肯中 yet(已经) 问否尾 just(刚刚)肯中 ever(曾经)问中 never（从不）,常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用.,for+ 时间段 since+过去时间 since+过去句子,肯定 have / has +done 否定 have / has not + done,Past,Now,Future,完成,影响,already(已经) 肯中 yet(还) 问否尾 just(刚刚)肯中 ever(曾经)问中 never（从不）,开始,持续至今,持续到将来,for+ 时间段 since+过去时间 since+过去句子,定义一：过去完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。,定义二：过去开始的动作一直持续到现在或有可能继续下去。,have met,have played,has cooked,have studied,have seen,havent visited,havent done,用法小窍门：描述过去的动作，若句中有yesterday , last week, three days ago, in 1996等过去时间就一定用一般过去时。若 没有常用现在完成时。所以When问句不能用现在完成时。 A：Have you finished your homework yet? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you finish it? B: Yesterday evening.,Further Understanding 代言词,Lets read them!,I have seen Avatar.,She has already written 3 books .,I havent seen the movie yet .,Have you ever seen a sign like this ?,I have never seen a kangaroo.,How long have you studied in Huangguang Middle School Guangzhou Branch?,肯定句,否定句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,现在完成时的代言词： 1. already（已经）/just（刚刚）：用于肯定句中 2. yet（还）: 用于否定句和疑问句句尾 3. ever（曾经）：用于疑问和否定句中。 4. never（从不）: 表示否定,二、用never, ever, already, just, yet, for填空： 1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _ finished his homework. 3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years. 4. “Have you _ seen the film?” “No, I have _ seen it.” 5. “Has the bus left _?” “Yes, it has _ left.”,never,already/just,for,ever,never,yet,just/alreay,already(已经) 肯中 yet(已经) 问否尾 just(刚刚)肯中 ever(曾经)问中 never（从不）,for / since 的区别,1.for+时间段 for many years, for a long time 2.since+时间点 since 1998, since last year 3.since+时间段+ago since three years ago 4.since+句子(一般过去时） since I moved here.,My family have lived here for many years. I havent lived in my hometown since 2008. She has learnt English since five years ago. He has had the house since he moved here.,for+ 时间段 since+过去时间 since+过去句子,1)We have lived here _ 2001. 2) I have been a teacher _ ten months. 3) They have known each other _ more than five years. 4) I have been at this school _ six years ago. 5) She has sent some information to Tom _ Tom went to school. 6) I will stay in the hotel _ a week.,since,for,for,since,since,for,Fill in the sentences with for or since.,for+ 时间 ，since+过去时间，since+过去句子,Sentence Pattern 句式,I have eaten lunch.,She has eaten lunch.,He has eaten breakfast.,肯定句: 主语+have/ has done +宾语+其他。,They have eaten supper .,我已经吃了午饭。( eat-ate-eaten),她已经吃了午饭。( eat-ate-eaten),他已经吃了早饭。( eat-ate-eaten),他们已经吃了晚饭。( eat-ate-eaten),I have not (=havent) seen the film.,She has not (=hasnt) seen the film.,I havent eaten supper. He hasnt changed his idea. My mother hasnt come back home.,否定句: 主语+have not (havent) +done+宾语+其他。 三单主语+has not (hasnt) +done+宾语+其他。,我没有看过这部电影。( see-saw-seen),她没有看过这部电影。( see-saw-seen),我还没有吃晚饭。( eat-ate-eaten),他还没有改变他的主意。( change-changed),我妈妈还没有回来。(come-came - come),Ive already had dinner. I _ _ dinner _. 2. He has just finished his homework. He _ _ his homework _. 3. Mums cooked the dinner. Mum _ _ the dinner. 4. Susans learned English at school. Susan _ _ English at school.,havent,had,yet,hasnt,finished,yet,hasnt cooked,hasnt,learned,把下列句子改为否定句,Have you had breakfast? No, I havent.,Have you known Sandy for a long time? Yes, I have. Has she eaten anything since 9:00 a.m? No, she hasnt.,一般疑问句： Have/has +主语+过去分词 +宾语+其他？ 回答： Yes,主语+have / has. No, 主语+havent / hasnt.,你吃早饭了吗？不，没有。(have-had-had),你认识Sandy很长时间了吗？ 是的。( know- knew- known),自早上九点钟以来她吃过东西了吗？ 不，她没有。(eat-ate- eaten ),Ive already had dinner. 2. He has just finished his homework. 3. Mums cooked the dinner. 4. Susans learned English at school.,Have you had dinner yet ?,Has he finished his homework yet?,Has mum cooked the dinner?,Has Susan learned English at school?,把下列句子改为一般疑问句,Ive = I have,Mums = Mum has,Susans = Susan has,用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.I (teach)Enghish in this school since 1997. 2.Lilei (keep) the library book for five days. 3.Kate (see) her grandmothers photo before. 4. So far ,we (build) thousands of Buildings in Fuzhou. 5. I ( be) to Beijing already.,have built,have been,has kept,have taught,has seen,So far we have planted many trees. He has just come back. They have already built many buildings in this city. Someone has just broken the window. I have already lost the key. I havent read that book yet .,现在完成时的用法:翻译大比拼1,1. 到目前为止我们已经植了很多树。（planted),2. 他刚刚回来。(come-came-come),3. 他们已经在这个城市建了很多楼。(build-built-built),4. 有人刚刚打破了窗户。(break-broke-broken),5. 我已经丢了钥匙。( lose-lost-lost）,6. 我还没有读那本书。(read-read-read),She has learned English for 5 years. We havent seen each other for a long time. She has been here since 1989. I have been here since five months ago. Great changes have taken place since you left. He has lived in Beijing since he was born .,现在完成时的用法:翻译大比拼2,1. 他学英语已经学了5年了。(learn-learnt-learnt),2. 我们很长时间没相互见面了。(see-saw-seen),3. 自从1989年以来她就在这。(be-was/were -been),4. 自从5个月前我就在这。(be-was/were -been),5. 自从你离开以来就发生了很大的变化。(take-took-taken),6. 自从他出生以来他就生活在北京。(live-lived),过去分词的构成,learn - learnt/learned- learnt/ learned,be - was/were- been,introduce - introduced,have / has - had- had,make - made- made,eat- ate - eaten,see- saw- seen,come- came - come,build - built - built,break-broke-broken,lose - lost - lost,read read - read,take - took-taken,live - lived,plant - planted,know - knew- known,sing- sang- sung,study - studied,help - helped,do/ does - did- done,plan - planned,Ready?,规则动词过去式、过去分词变化规则： workworked,worked 1）一般在动词词尾加ed。 change - changed, changed 2）如果动词以字母e结尾，直接在词尾加d。 plan- planned, planned 3）如果动词是一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节 单词，要双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。 carry-carried, carried 4）如果动词是以辅音字母加y结尾，要变y为i 再加ed。,不规则动词： 一、 原形、过去式和过去分词相同的动词 （A、A、A型） cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt let let let put put put read read read,2.（A、B、B型） bring-brought -brought buy boughtbought meet metmet build - built built catch - caught-caught feel felt felt find found found keep kept kept leave left left make made - made,3.（A、B、A型） becomebecamebecome comecamecome runranrun,4.（A、A、B型） beatbeatbeaten,5）（A、B、C型） beginbeganbegun blowblewblown breakbrokebroken do/ does did done drink drank drunk eat ate- eaten fall - fell fallen give - gave given go went gone know knew known write- wrote - wirrten,学案Write down past tense and past participle of the following verbs. （写出下例动词的过去时和过去分词）,work rain love change stop plan drop study carry,read teach see feel build leave think write do,worked worked,rained rained,loved loved,changed changed,stopped stopped,planned planned,dropped dropped,studied studied,carried carried,read read,taught taught,saw seen,felt felt,built built,thought thought,wrote written,did done,left left,have been 与have gone 的用法比较,have been to 意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in 意思是“呆在某处一段时间了”,上一页,下一页,主菜单,比较have been to/in和have gone to,He has gone to Shanghai. 他(已经)去上海了。,He has been to Shanghai. 他(曾经) 去过上海。,（他可能在去上海的路上，或是已到上海，反正人现在不在说话现场）,（他现在已经不在上海了）,He has been in Shanghai for many years. 他在上海很多年了。,（他现在在上海或许将来还在）,have / has been (to) have / has gone (to),-,- Where is your father? - He isnt here now. He _ _ to work.,2. - Have you travelled abroad? - Yes, I _ _ to America twice.,has gone,have been,用Have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空,Mike and his parents _ the north for half a year. Mum is not at home now. she _ the shop. _ you ever _ to kunming ? Never. Where _ you _ these days? Has Jim arrived yet? Yes, he _ here for several days. Where is Peter? I dont know where he _. Hi Jim! Where _ you _ ? Li Lei is looking for you.,have been in,has gone to,have been,Have been,has been,has gone,have been,下一页,上一页,主菜单,Further study,当句子包含的时间状语含有since和for时，动作必须用延续性动词。,I have bought the book for a week. I have had the book for a week.,buy是短暂性动词,have是延续性动词,非延续性动词又叫终止性动词或瞬间动词- -不能和一段时间连用,延续性动词-可以和一段时间连用,They have come here for two days.,They have been here for two days.,be是延续性动词,come是短暂性动词,5.短暂动词和 延续动词转换,have,keep,be here,be away (from),be open/ be closed,be on,be over,be dead,have a cold,be interested in,be married,wear,be up,be awake,be asleep,be in=be a member of,be in/at,Choose the best answer,1 What a nice watch ！How long _ you _ it？ Just three weeks A will，buy B did，buy C have ，had 2 you _in Greener China for a long time？ Yes，I joined it five years ago A Have，been B Has ，joined C Have ，joined 3 Teacher Li Japan，he_ Japan for two years. A has been to，has been to B has gone to ，has been in C has gone to ，has been to 4 The students are sorry to hear that the famous singer for half an hour A has left B has been away C has gone away 5 I this book for two days ，I have to return it now A borrowed B have borrowed C have kept,（C）,（A）,（B）,（B）,（C）,6-When you your old friend? -The day before yesterday. A will,visit B did ,visit C have ,visited 7 Mrs White _ in this school since she came here. A teaches B taught C has taught 8 No children_ football in the street since a car hit a boy last Sunday. A have played B played C playing 9 -Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Oh,not at all,I _ here only for a few minutes. A was B have been C will be 10 His grandfather since 1936. A died B has died C has been dead,（B）,（C）,（A）,（B）,（C）,现在完成时 vs. 一般过去时,I have studied History for two years. I had a History lesson yesterday. I have learnt a lot about Greek history. I read the story of the Trojan War last week.,We use (the present perfect tense/ the simple past tense) to talk about a past experience which has a connection to the present. We use (the present perfect tense/ the simple past tense) to talk about a completed action in the past.,I have lost my watch.,I lost my watch.,-,现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调与现在的关系,不能够与in1998 ,three days ago 和just now 等明确的过去的时间状语连用.,一般过去时只是表示动作是发生在过去,和现在并没有什么直接与必然的联系, 因此一般过去是可以和表示明确的过去的时间状语连用.,现在完成时 vs. 一般过去时,Read and complete,B1 Read the following conversation between the captain and a soldier from the story “The Trojan horse”. Complete it with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.,have gone,left,came,have tried,have won,have left,didnt take,B2 Complete the diary below with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.,bought,went,opened,never been,have,visited,have seen,bought,have read,拓展句型,for + 时段 =since + 时间点 It has been + 时间段 + since + 过去时态的句子。 时间段+ has passed+ since + 过去时态的句子。 Eg. She has learned English for 5 years. = She has learned English since 5 years ago. = It has been 5 years since she began to learn English. =Five years has passed since she began to learn English.,小试牛刀,写出下列句子的同义句，句数不限： 1.We havent seen each other for a long time. 2. She has been here since 1989. 3. I have been here since five months ago. 4. Great changes have taken place since you left. 5. He has lived in Beijing since he was born .,学案练习,Grammar学案 现在完成时的用法： 观察一：Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back. They have built many buildings in this city. 表示到现在为止 _或 _的动作。 观察二： Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I havent read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 表示过去发生的动作,强调_ _或_。 常与_(已经肯定),_(已经否定), _(刚刚), _(曾经)等词连用. 观察三：She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since he was born. Has he lived in Shenzhen since 4 years ago? 表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还会继续下去的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。 常与_, _ _引导的时间短语或从句连用.,yet,结束,对现在的结果,影响,already,for + 时段,just,ever,完成,since+过去句子或时间,二，基本结构：主语+ _ _ + _ _ (done) 肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 否定句：主语+ _ _+ _+ _ _+其他 一般疑问句：_+主语+ _ _+其他？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他） 练习一：根据要求填空 He has finished his homework. He _ _ his homework yet (变成否定句） _ _he_ _his homework yet？(变成一疑问句） _ _ ( 肯定回答） _ _(否定回答） _(就划线部分提问) 练习二：用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. I _ _(teach) English in this school since 1997. 2. Lilei_ _(keep) the library book for five days. 3. Kate_ _ (see) her grandmothers photo before. 4. So far , we_ _(build) thousands of Buildings in Fuzhou. 5. I_ _( be) to Beijing already.,have / has,过去分词,have / has,have / has,过去分词,过去分词,has not finished,not,Has finished,Yes, he has .,No, he hasnt .,what has he finished?,have taught,has kept,has seen,have built,have been,already 已经,yet 还， 仍然,just 刚刚,ever 曾经,never 从不,before 以前,since 自以来,for .,recently 近来,so far 到目前为止,课测 一用括号里的单词正确形式填空。 1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 2. _ he _ _ (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office. 5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999. 6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework. 9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 10._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 12. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere?,have seen,saw,Has finished,has come,has gone,have worked,moved,have made,have stayed,have finished,goes,Have found,is,were reading,is climbing,will come,Have seen,( )1. Have you _ travelled by train? Yes, I have. A. never B. ever C. just D. yet ( )2. Have you finished your homework？ Not _. A. yet B. already C. ever D. just ( )3. We havent studied Unit 6 _. A. never B. ever C. already D. yet ( )4. Have you _ learnt English? Yes, Ive _ learnt a lot. A. never; ever B. ever; never C. ever; already D. never; already 5. Have you handed in your homework _? Yes, Ive done that _. A. yet; already B. already; yet C. ever; never D. still; just ( )6. Johns father _ borrowed some pictures. A. have already B. has just C. have ever D. has yet ( )7. He _ returned the book to the library yet. A. has B. hasnt C. does D. doesnt ( ) 8.Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; better,课外巩固练习,1. Im sorry youve missed the train. It _ ten minutes ago. A. has left B. left C. had left D. has been left 2. A: _ you ever _ to Singapore? B: Yes, I went there last year. A. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Did; go D. Are; going 3. A: I have completed my school work. B: When _ you _ it? have; finished B. do; finish C. did; finish D. will; finish,B,A,Exercises,C,when问句不用现在完成时,句中有过去的时间状语就一定是一般过去时,4 . A: John has already gone to England. B: When _ he _ there? A. will; go B. is; going C. did; go D. has; gone 5. A: Have you read this book? B: Yes, I _ it two weeks ago. A. am reading B. have read C. will read D. read,C,D,中 考 链 接,Im not hungry because I _ lunch already. (10年广州) A. have B. had C. am having D. have had,中 考 链 接,2. -_ you _ the film Harry Potter 5 ? -Not yet. Ill see it this Sunday.(09年广州) A. Did, see B. Are, seeing C. Have, seen D. Do, see,2.Sam _ Chinese since he came to China. He speaks Chinese well now.（09年上海） A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. will learn,中 考 链 接,_ many students in China ever _ to westerners before? (10年江西) A. Are, speaking B. Do, speak C. Did, speak D. Have, spoken,中 考 链 接,我女儿刚出去。 My daughter has just gone out. 我肯定我们已经见过面。 Im sure weve already met. 牛奶的奶挤了吗？ Have you milked the cow yet? 我还没有吃早餐。 I havent had breakfast yet. 我从没听说过。 I have never heard that before.,1) 她刚吃过午饭。（指现在还不太饿） 2) 她刚吃了午饭。 3) 她这些日子都在练习游泳。 4) 她上周练习了游泳。,She has just had her lunch.,She had her lunch just now.,She has practised swimming these days.,She practised swimming last week.,1.They _ (完成)the project. 2. The meeting _.(还没有开始) 3. He _ (刚回来) back from America.,have already finished,hasnt begun yet,has just come,Exercises,
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