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Unit 1 The written word (主题语境:人与自我生活与学习),-3-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.desperate adj.铤而走险的,拼命的,绝望的;非常需要,渴望 经典例句 Stores are getting desperate after two years of poor sales. 两年来销路不畅,商店不惜冒起险来。 (1)be desperate to do sth.渴望做某事 be desperate for sth.渴望某物 in desperate need of非常需要 (2)desperately adv.绝望地;渴望地 四维热练 (1)Judging from what he said and did,we can conclude that he is desperate fame. (2)After years of hard study,he is desperate (pass) the College Entrance Examination. (3)He (desperate)saw her disappear into the crowd.,for,to pass,desperately,-4-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.vain adj.虚荣的,自负的;徒劳的,无结果的 经典例句 He tried every means to get them to be quiet,but in vain. 他尝试用各种办法让他们安静,但是都白费了。 (1)a vain attempt/effort 徒劳的尝试/努力 in vain徒劳地;无意义地 try in vain to do sth.枉费心机地试图做某事 (2)vainly adv.徒劳地,-5-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)We to make him change his mind. 我们想让他改变主意,但都是白费工夫。 (2)All the polices efforts to find him were . 警察想尽所有的办法要找到他都是徒劳的。 (3)They him to give up smoking. 他们极力劝说他戒烟,但枉费了一番口舌。,made a vain attempt,in vain,tried in vain to persuade,-6-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.resist vi.有抵抗力的 be resistant to sth.对抵抗的,-7-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)We are determined to stay and . 我们决定留下来抵抗敌人。 (2)Toms classmates his strange hairstyle. 汤姆的同学们忍不住对他奇怪的发型开玩笑。 (3)Quite a few people the temptation of money. 很多人抵制不住金钱的诱惑。,resist the enemy,couldnt resist playing jokes on,cant resist,-8-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.rescue n.& vt.救援,营救 高考佳句 I work with Volunteers for Wildlife,a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.(2017全国卷,阅读理解) 我在一家野生动物志愿者机构工作,这是一家位于(长岛)蝗虫谷Bailey Arboretum的救援和教育机构。 (1)rescue sb.from.从营救某人 rescue sth.from.使某物免于 come/go to sb.s rescue 前来/去救某人 rescue workers救援人员 (2)rescuer n.救援者,-9-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1) (rescue)the drowning boy to the bank,he left without being noticed. (2)He promised to come our rescue. (3)You rescued me an embarrassing situation. (4)“I had to jump in the water to get her,” the (rescue) said.,Having rescued,to,from,rescuer,-10-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.reputation n.名誉,名声 经典例句 Although he is known to only a few people here,his reputation abroad is very great. 虽然这里只有几个人知道他,但他在国外的名气却很大。 have a reputation of有名声 have a good/bad reputation for因而有好/坏名声 acquire/earn/gain/establish/build a reputation as sth.作为赢得/获得/确立/树立声誉,-11-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)They have reputation for providing a great riding experience. (2)Their reputation dependability influences managers evaluations of their work. (3)She soon acquired a reputation a first-class cook.,a,for,as,-12-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.bent on(doing)something决心做某事(通常指坏事) 经典例句 The reason why she is bent on becoming an actress is still unknown to us all. 我们所有人都不知道她一心想成为演员的原因。 表示“决心要做,决定做”的其他表达方式: decide to do sth. make a decision to do sth. make up ones mind to do sth. determine to do sth. be determined to do sth.,-13-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)She life difficult for me. 她似乎有意让我的日子不好过。 (2)He at all costs,which surprised all of us. 他决心不惜一切代价争取胜利,这使得我们都很吃惊。 (3)One day,he gathered up all his strength and _attend a job interview. 有一天,他做好充分准备后,决定参加一个工作面试。,seems bent on making,was bent on winning,decided to/made up his mind to/was determined to,-14-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.live up to达到,符合(期望) 经典例句 The students performance lived up to our expectations. 学生们的表现没有辜负我们的期望。 live on以为主食;靠为生;继续存在 live with与住在一起 live through经历(艰难或险境) live a.life过着的生活 live by doing.靠做为生,-15-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)I am sure that I can perfectly your expectations. 我确信我会完全符合你的期望。 (2)For a whole week we had to fish and chips. 整整一个星期,我们只得以鱼和薯条为主食。 (3)Looking back,I dont know how I those years. 回顾往事,我真不知道那些年是怎样过来的。 (4)The islanders ,so they value the waters around the island. 岛上的居民靠捕鱼为生,因此他们重视这个岛四周的水域。,live up to,live on,lived through,live by fishing,-16-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.be intended to be/do something目的是作为某物,目的是做某事 经典例句 The ship was intended to take scientists to the southernmost shore of Antarcticas Weddell Sea.(2016全国卷) 这艘船计划带领科学家们到达南极威德尔海的最南端。 intend doing sth.打算/想要做某事 intend sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事 be intended for为打算(或设计)的 intend sb.to be/as打算使(成为) 四维热练 (1)The writer clearly intends his readers (identify) with the main character. (2)What is the California builders story (intend)to prove?,to identify,intended,-17-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.By the end of the novel,Pip has changed a lot.到小说结束时,皮普变化了许多。(Page 3) 介词by可以用来表示方位、时间、手段等,其具体用法如下: (1)by+名词。 by+the+可数的时间、长度、重量等名词。意为“按计算;按买(卖)”。 by+表示时间、长度、重量等总称的不可数名词(名词前不加冠词)。意为“按计算,按买(卖)”。 by+交通工具或交通方式名词(名词前不加冠词,不变复数)。意为“通过;由;乘”。 by+抽象名词或具有抽象意义的普通名词(名词前不加冠词,不变复数)。意为“靠;通过;由所致”。,-18-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,by+地点或工具等具体名词。表路线、途径,意为“通过(某物、某地);取道”。 by+动词-ing,意为“通过;靠;凭”。 by+地点名词。表方位,意为“在旁边”。 by+时间名词。意为“到时(已发生某事),最晚、不迟于,在之前”。 by+身体部位名词或衣服名词。表示被抓住身体/衣物的某一部分,常与动词catch/seize/take/hold/grab等连用。 (2)by的常见短语: by means of/by way of/by the way/by oneself/by birth/by society/learn.by heart/what do you mean by./by my watch等。,-19-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)A teacher who wants to learn on-line teaching is expected to arrive . 想学习网上教学的老师要在下午2点之前到达。 (2)Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves,but ,the daughters returned to work in the family business. 最终,这些女孩都从大学毕业,离开去为自己工作,然而又一个接一个地回到家族企业工作。 (3) ,Nicholas was really hungry. 到那天晚上,尼古拉斯真的很饿。 (4)Slowly they came to trust me,and the year they can play with me. 慢慢地他们信任我了,到年底时他们能和我一起玩了。,by 2:00 pm,one by one,By that evening,by the end of,-20-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.Oliver gets arrested by the police and is taken to court.奥利弗被警察抓住并被带到法庭上。(Page 9) get arrested为“get+done”结构,其用法如下: (1)get被用来代替be,和过去分词连用,构成被动结构,表示某一事件或事故的发生,着重强调动作。 常用于以下两种情况: 谈论某人或某物的客观遭遇,往往表示一种突然的、未曾料到的偶发事件或事故。 谈论设法或终于做到令人称心的事。 (2)“get+过去分词”与“be+过去分词”在构成系表结构时的区别:前者表示开始进入某种状态,而后者仅表示一种实际存在的状态。,-21-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Visit the palace and its various historic gardens,which include the famous maze where it is easy ! 来参观这座宫殿以及它的各种历史上有名的园林,包括有名的很容易迷路的迷宫! (2)Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people . 研究人员已经确认了促进人们参与的几种因素。,to get lost,to get involved,-22-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.Pips sister often abuses him,but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他,但乔却是一个善良、淳朴的人,他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。(Page 3) would rather do.than do.=would do.rather than do.宁愿做而不愿做 would rather+从句,“宁愿”从句中用一般过去时表示与现在、将来事实相反的假设;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的假设。 rather than而不是 prefer to do.rather than do.宁愿做而不愿做 other than除了以外 or rather更确切地说,-23-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)The boy prefers (play)rather than study. (2)I would rather you (come)tomorrow. (3)Rather than in a crowded bus in the morning,I always prefer a bicycle.(ride) (4)I would rather you (tell) me the truth yesterday. (5)What we expect from you is working hard rather than hardly (work). (6)Facing up to your problems rather than (run)away from them is the best approach to working things out.,to play,came,ride,to ride,had told,working,running,-24-,.单句语法填空 1.Barditch High School decided to have an All-School _ (reunite). 2.Not only will I keep from littering and (spit) anywhere,I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. 3.Kindness and (violent)can reproduce themselves. 4.After Jasminas death,Maja swore she would honor the little girl by swimming with a dolphin,an animal that both girls (adore). 5. (compare)to the traditional ones,they have three new unique functions.,Reunion,spitting,violence,adored,Compared,-25-,6.The Atlantic has,in a sense,replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western (civil). 7.The young couple,who returned my lost wallet,left I could ask for their names. 8.It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. 9.I (desperate)tried to determine which math problem I would get. 10.This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist (eat)cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress.,civilization,before,when,desperately,eating,-26-,.单句改错 1.He got a purchase on a branch until we came his rescue. _ 2.The policeman caught the thief by arm. _ 3.He could not wash himself or get dress. _ 4.Lucky,the bullet narrowly missed the captain by an inch. _ 5.They felt like they are giving away company secrets. _,came后加to by后加the dressdressed LuckyLuckily arewere,-27-,.话题微写作 翻译下面5个句子,然后通过合理想象,用恰当的修辞手段整合成一篇短文。 1.水浒传是由小说家施耐庵写的。(novelist) 2.是章回体小说,是中国四大古典名著之一。(chapter) 3.主题带有暴力倾向,故事情节引人入胜。(violent,plot) 4.讲的是一群渴望生存下去的所谓的朝廷“罪犯”,奔波忙碌,救他人于水火,与罪恶斗争,抵抗政府的故事。(criminal,come to sb.s rescue) 5.因此,它赢得了中国古典名著的最高荣誉。(supreme,reputation),-28-,Shi Naian is a novelist who wrote Water Margin which is organized by chapters.It is one of the four classical masterpieces in China.Its topic tends to be violent,but its plots are attractive.It describes a group of so-called criminals are on the run and come to others rescue.Besides,they fight against vice and resist the control of the government.As a result,it wins the supreme reputation as one of the four classical masterpieces in China.,
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