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Unit 2 The environment (主题语境:人与自然环境与保护),-3-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.debate n.辩论,讨论 vt.争论,思考 vi.商讨,辩论 经典例句 Today there is a debate in Singapore about which variety of English is the best: Singlish,or a variety closer to British English. 今天,在新加坡开展了一场有关哪种英语是最好的英语的争论:是新加坡式英语还是一种更接近于英式的英语。 (1)debate with sb.about/on/over sth.和某人就某事辩论 debate whether to do sth./debate whether+从句 考虑/讨论是否 (2)have a debate进行讨论/辩论 under debate在讨论中 beyond debate无可争辩 a heated debate激烈的辩论,-4-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)They who was to blame for the traffic accident until it was 9 oclock. 就谁该对这起交通事故承担责任,他们一直辩论到9点。 (2)Our class held whether students should take cell phones to school. 我们班进行了关于学生是否应该带手机去学校的辩论。 (3)The suggestion is still . 那个提议仍然还在讨论中。 (4)We are next. 我们正在讨论下一步该怎么办。 (5)The truth of this news is . 这则新闻的真实性毋庸置疑。,debated about,a debate on,under debate,debating what to do,beyond debate,-5-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.appreciate vt.欣赏,赞赏;感激;领会,理解 高考佳句Like me,this woman was here to stop,sigh and appreciate the view.(2017天津卷,阅读理解) 与我一样,这位女士也在这儿驻足,感叹,欣赏魅力的景色。 (1)appreciate sb./sth.欣赏;高度评价;理解 appreciate (ones) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if.如果,我会感激不尽的。 (2)appreciation n.欣赏;感激 in appreciation of欣赏;感激 用法点拨(1)appreciate后接动词-ing形式。 (2)其后只能接“事”做宾语,而不能接“人”做宾语。 (3)其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句,需先接it做形式宾语,再接从句。,-6-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)When you look people in the eye,they feel you what they are saying. 当你直视别人的眼睛,他们会感觉你欣赏他们所说的话。(2015安徽卷,任务型读写) (2)And you give me an early reply. 如果你能早点回信我将非常感激。 (3)Here I sincerely express my if you could help find the lost suitcase. 如果你能帮我找到丢失的箱子,我会真诚地表达我的感激之情。 (4)There is no one who doesnt appreciate by name. 每个人都会欣赏那些能够叫上自己的名字的人。,appreciate,Ill appreciate it very much if,appreciation,being called,-7-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.operate vt.操作员,-8-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)You want to let a robot operate me? (2)Until the rail links are operation,passengers can only travel through the tunnel by coach. (3)When does this new law come operation? (4)The plan began to be put operation. (5)This machine is very easy (operate). Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. (6)In the good care of the nurses,the boy is gradually recovering from his heart (operate). (7)He dialed the (operate)and put in a call for Rome. (8)The department store is well (operate).,on/upon,in,into,into,to operate,operation,operator,operated,-9-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.impress vt.使印象深刻,留下印象 经典例句 He looked around the room as if he was going to impress everything in the room on his mind. 他环顾四周似乎要把屋里的一切都印入他的脑海。 (1)impress sb.with sth.某物给某人留下深刻印象 impress sth.on/upon sb.使意识到(重要性或严重性等) (2)impression n.印象;感想;印痕 make a strong impression on.给留下深刻的印象 (3)impressive adj.令人赞叹的,-10-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)He . 他的真诚打动了她。 (2)Hundreds of people have formed of you through that little device on your desk. 很多人只凭桌上一个小小的装置(电话)就有了对你的印象,即使从未谋面。 (3)His collection of paintings is the most . 他的绘画收藏令人叹为观止。,impressed her with sincerity,impressions,impressive,-11-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.decrease vi.&vt.减少 n.减少 经典例句 To decrease the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 为了减少垃圾量及保护环境,越来越多的政府要求国民回收利用材料。 (1)decrease to+数字 减少到 decrease by+数字 减少了 decrease in/of sth.减少的量 (2)on the decrease 在减少中,-12-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)The average house prices 13% last year. 去年平均房价下降了13%。 (2)By 1881,the population of Ireland 5.2 million. 到1881年,爱尔兰的人口减少到520万。 (3)If time permitting,students can find a part-time job _ (decrease)the burden of their family. 如果时间允许的话,学生们可以找一份兼职来减轻他们家庭的负担。,decreased by,had decreased to,to decrease,-13-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,6.measure vt.测量,度量(大小、容量、尺寸等);估量 v.(指尺寸、长度、数量等)度量为 n.措施,方法;(一定的)量,程度;尺度,标准;度量单位 经典例句 Regardless of expense,we must take every measure to save the old mans life. 不管费用多少,我们必须采取一切措施抢救这位老人。 (1)take measures/steps to do sth.采取措施做某事 beyond measure无法估量;极度;非常 for good measure外加,再增加 (2)measurement n.度量,衡量 (3)measure.by.用来衡量,-14-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)You should take effective (measure)to improve your working conditions. (2)Accurate (measure) is very important in science. (3)Urgent measures (take)to prevent car emission.Even so,its influence is still great enough to cause smog and acid rain. (4)Education should not (measure) only by examination results.,measures,measurement,have been taken,be measured,-15-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,7.absorb vt.吸收;理解;使全神贯注 经典例句 While watching TV,children do not merely absorb words and images. 看电视时,孩子们不只是吸收话语和图像。 (1)absorbed adj.被吸引的;一心一意的 be absorbed in全神贯注于,专心于 be absorbed by被所吞没;被所吸收 (2)absorption n.吸收;专注 用法点拨(1)absorb是及物动词,只能说absorb sth.或be absorbed in sth.。 (2)表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有:be lost in,be buried in,fix/focus ones attention on,devote.to,concentrate ones mind on,apply oneself to,be addicted to等。,-16-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 写出句中absorb的含义 (1)However,when something did interest me,I could become absorbed.(2016北京卷,阅读理解) (2)Others absorb light,stopping it dead in its tracks.(2015北京卷,阅读理解) (3)They absorbed a great deal of Roman culture. (4)The lecture completely absorbed the attention of the audience. 同义句改写 (5)He was so absorbed in TV that he forgot to sleep.(用过去分词短语做状语改写) TV,he forgot to sleep.,全神贯注,吸收,吸收,吸引,Absorbed in,-17-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,8.range n.范围;一系列;山脉 vi.(在一定范围内)变化;包括;排列,排序 经典例句 None of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.(2015天津卷,完形填空) 在我们的价格范围内貌似没有一座房子令人满意。 (1)a wide range of一系列;种类繁多 in/out of the range of.在/超出的范围 (2)range from.to.在范围内变动;包括由到之间的各类事物 range between.and.在和范围内变动,-18-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)We have choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives and friends. 我们有各种各样的选择,例如旅游和拜访亲戚朋友。 (2)Cups and plates were neatly on her shelves. 杯子和盘子整齐地排列在她的架子上。,a wide range of,ranged,-19-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.cut back on 减少,削减,缩减 经典例句 If we dont sell more goods,well have to cut back on production. 我们若不能卖出更多的货物,就必须降低产量。 cut down on削减,缩减,减少 cut across抄近路通过 cut away切除,剪掉,砍掉 cut down砍倒;削减;删节 cut in插嘴;打断 cut out删除 cut up切碎;(严重地)割伤;打伤,使伤心 cut off中断(电话通话);切去,割掉,-20-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 用cut短语填空 (1)How can you the risk of cancer? (2)He also supplied the north when America energy aid. (3)He had the meat before his mother came back. (4)Dont try to while others are talking. (5)When Dad lost his job,we had to entertainment expenses. (6)In order not to be late,she the field. (7)They all the dead branches from the tree.,cut down,cut off,cut up,cut in,cut back on,cut across,cut away,-21-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.open the floor 自由发言 经典例句 Lets open the floor to questions. 接下来把时间交给现场听众来提问。 (1)take the floor发言,参加讨论 get/have the floor得到发言权 ask for the floor征求发言权 (2)open the mind开阔思路 open ones heart把心里的话说出来 open ones eyes长见识,开眼界,-22-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Lets for discussion on that problem. 我们就那个问题自由讨论吧。 (2)If you have anything to say about the problem,you can . 如果你对这个问题有什么要说的,你可以发言。 (3)Everybody should be able to during the meeting. 开会时,每个人都应该有发言权。,open the floor,take the floor,have the floor,-23-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.run out(of) 用完,耗尽 经典例句 We have run out of money and our patience is also running out. 我们的钱已经用完了,我们的耐心也要耗尽了。 run short of sth.快用完某物 run into碰到;偶然遇到;遇到(困难);撞上 run across偶然遇到;穿过 run after追求;追赶,追逐 run away逃走,逃跑 run over轧过;碾过 run through浏览;穿过;流过,-24-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,易混辨析run out of,run out,give out和use up (1)run out of 意为 “用完了”,是及物动词短语,表示主动意义,主语一般是人。 (2)run out意为 “用完了”,是不及物动词短语,其主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等。 (3)give out意为 “用尽,精疲力竭”,可以表示人的力气 “用完” 或者人 “筋疲力尽”,为不及物动词短语。 (4)use up意为 “用完,消耗尽”,为及物动词短语,相当于run out of。,-25-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 用run的短语填空 (1)A boy by the car and got killed immediately. (2)I was walking along the beach when I John. (3)The boy the goats,but he could not get them out.,was run over,ran into,ran after,-26-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,用 run out of,run out,give out或use up填空 (4)Their savings . (5)His strength after he ran that long distance. (6)Making soup is a good way of leftover vegetables. (7)I petrol,so I have to stop at the next filling station.,ran out,gave out,using up,am running out of,-27-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.under way 进行中 经典例句 Preparations for the celebration of National Day are under way. 庆祝国庆的准备工作正在进行。 under control被控制住 under discussion正在讨论中 under pressure/stress在压力下 under fire遭到炮火射击,受到攻击 under the circumstances在这种情况下 under consideration在考虑中 under no circumstances在任何情况下都不,-28-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Our plan is well . 我们的计划正在顺利地实施。 (2)People may experience headaches and sleeping difficulties.Thats why we need to relax ourselves at times. 压力大的人可能会经历头痛和睡眠困难。这就是为什么我们有时需要放松自己。 (3) ,it is little wonder that they experience difficulties. 在这种情形下,他们遇到困难就不足为怪了。,under way,under a lot of stress,Under such circumstances,-29-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.in/with regard to 关于,至于 经典例句 In regard to his grades,let me say that a lot of progress has been made. 至于他的成绩,我想说的是他已经取得了很大的进步。 in respect of关于,就而言 concerning关于 regarding关于 四维热练 (1) your recent application,I am afraid we are unable to offer you the job. 关于你最近的申请,恐怕我们不能给你提供这份工作。 (2)Davis had very little to say the accident. 戴维斯对这次事故几乎没有什么可说的。,With/In regard to,regarding/concerning,-30-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.目前的世界人口与1800年相比已增长了六倍。(Page 22) 本句包含一个倍数表示法,即“倍数+what从句”。 (1)A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B. (2)A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B. (3)A+be+倍数+the+名词(size,height,length,width,age,weight,etc.)+of+B. (4)The+名词+of+A+be+倍数+than+that+of+B.,-31-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 It is reported that a new planet has been discovered recently,which is almost three times as large as the earth. =which is almost the earth. =which is almost the earth. 据报道,最近发现了一颗行星,它几乎是地球的三倍大。,three times bigger than,three times the size of,-32-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy.我们的职责是尽量削减生产,以及减少制造和购买物品的数量。(Page 22) (1)It+be+形容词+主语从句。 (2)It+be+名词词组+主语从句,这类名词词组有:a fact,a pity,a shame, an honour,a question等。 (3)It+be+过去分词+主语从句,这类过去分词有:announced,believed, expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,shown等。 (4)It+不及物动词+主语从句,这类不及物动词有:appear,happen,seem等。,-33-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(5)It+be+形容词+for sb.+动词不定式,这类句型常用形容词easy, difficult,hard,important,possible,wise等做表语,有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者,常在不定式前加for sb.。 (6)It+be+形容词+of sb.+动词不定式,这类形容词常是表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词,如:kind,nice,stupid,clever,foolish,polite, impolite,silly,selfish,considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。 (7)It+be+名词或形容词+动词-ing,这类名词和形容词常常是:good, useless,senseless等。 (8)It+takes(sb.)+时间(金钱)+动词不定式。,-34-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1) some people look down on blind people. 一些人瞧不起盲人是错误的。 (2) for us to help the disabled. 我们有必要帮助残疾人。 (3) he has made such a mistake. 真遗憾,他犯了这样一个错误。 (4) he has gone to the USA for further study. 据说他已去美国深造了。 (5) he is sick. 看来他似乎有病。,It is wrong that It is necessary It is a pity that It is said that It seems/appears that,-35-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(6) give children too much money. 重要的是别给孩子太多的钱。 (7) to clean the floor. 我的职责就是扫地。 (8) half an hour to work by underground every day. 他每天花半个小时乘地铁上班。,It is very important not to It is my duty It takes him to go,-36-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.However,I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled,and less from raw materials,the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.然而,我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品,减少原材料的使用,因为原材料的供应正变得越来越紧张。(Page 23) the+名词+介词+which非限制性定语从句 本句中使用了“the+名词+介词+which非限制性定语从句”的句型。该结构有以下几种变形: 不定代词+介词+关系代词 数词+介词+关系代词 the+形容词比较级(最高级)+介词+关系代词 介词+whose+名词,-37-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)There are two buildings, stands nearly a hundred feet high. 那儿有两栋楼房,大点儿的那个几乎有百英尺高。 (2)Last month,part of South Asia was struck by floods, _people are still suffering. 上个月,南亚部分地区受洪水袭击,其余威还在使人们遭受苦难。,the larger of which,from whose effects,-38-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years.毫无疑问,近几年世界气候在发生着变化。(Page 39) 该句中that引导同位语从句。doubt用在否定句中,后面接that引导的同位语从句。 在否定句和疑问句中,doubt后面接that引导的从句。在肯定句中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的从句。 但是在肯定句中,doubt后面也可以接that引导的宾语从句,但表示疑虑较大或不相信。,-39-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Edwina no longer had what had happened to the missing money. 对于失款事件的真相,埃德温娜已不再有什么怀疑。 (2)It was only then that I began to have my story would ever be told. 到那时我才开始怀疑我的经历究竟能不能公之于众。 (3) she will keep her word. 毫无疑问她会遵守诺言的。,doubts about,doubts whether/if,There is no doubt that,-40-,.单句语法填空 1.He was praised for his sense of (responsible). 2.Shortly after the (operate),the patient picked up. 3.The final exam is approaching and all the students are _ (absorb)in study. 4.China (economy)strength has greatly improved. 5.What you said left a good (impress)on me. 6. regard to future oil supplies,the situation is uncertain. 7.The research project has been way for three months. 8.They are letting fireworks in the park tonight. 9.We have used most of the cloth,and all we have left is a few bits and pieces. 10.The temperature ranges 15 to 35 degrees.,responsibility,operation,absorbed,economic,impression,In/With,under,off,up,from,-41-,.单句改错 1.He pick up the phone and dialed the number. _ 2.Id appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. _ 3.Her speech made a good impress on the audience. _ 4.We should take some measure to solve this problem. _ 5.His arrive brought complete silence to the room. _,pickpicked appreciate后加it impressimpression measuremeasures arrivearrival,-42-,6.She had almost reached her destination when something arrest her attention. _ 7.It was shocking that the mayor was arrested after he took office for little than a year. _,arrestarrested littleless,-43-,.话题微写作 翻译下面5个句子,然后通过合理想象,用恰当的修辞手段整合成一篇短文。 1.人们越来越有环保意识了。(aware) 2.为了减少环境污染,人们已经采取了一些措施。(cut back on) 3.为了减少二氧化碳的排放,人们开始放弃使用车辆,而是骑自行车出行。(let off) 4.人们开始学着回收利用一些废物,倡导低碳生活。(recycle,low-carbon) 5.如果每个人都尽自己的一份责任,我们才能享有舒适的环境。(do ones part),-44-,People become more and more aware of the importance of environmental protection.To cut back on the pollution,people begin to take measures.People ride bikes instead of using vehicles in order to let off less carbon dioxide.Besides,people learn to recycle some waste and call on each other to live a low-carbon life.Only when everyone does his part can we enjoy a comfortable environment.,
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