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Unit 2 Language (主题语境:人与自我 语言学习的规律、方法等),-3-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.occupy vt.占据(时间、空间等);使忙于 经典例句 Land is,in most instances,purchased by those who occupy it. 在大多数情况下,土地都是由其使用者购得。 (1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于(做)某事 (2)be occupied(房间、座位、床位等)被占用;被占有 be occupied(in)doing sth.忙于做某事 be occupied with sth.从事/忙于某事 (3)occupation n.工作;职业;占据,-4-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)I suppose I was looking for an (occupy)which was going to be an adventure. (2)I had forgotten about it because I had been so occupied _ other things. (3)Teaching and doing homework keep her (occupy) every day. (4)Mary was occupied redecorating her house and had no time to attend the party.,occupation,with,occupied,in,-5-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.contribution n.贡献,促成因素;捐赠 经典例句 Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital building fund? 你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗? (1)make a contribution/contributions to对做出贡献/捐款 (2)contribute vt.把时间投入到 多词一义 contribute to,result in,be responsible for,bring about,lead to,cause,-6-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)The editor said he had no time to look through the essays _(contribute)recently. (2)Thanks for the contributions you (make) in the past ten years. (3)She contributed a lot of good ideas the discussion. (4)Various factors contributed to his downfall. =Various factors his downfall.,contributed,have made,to,resulted in,led to/were responsible for/caused/brought about,-7-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.defeat vt.击败,战胜;使失败 n.击败,战胜;失败 高考佳句 Only five years after Steve Jobs death,smart-phones defeated conventional PCs in sales.(2017江苏卷) 斯蒂芬乔布斯去世后只有五年,智能手机在销量上击败了传统的个人电脑。 易混辨析defeat,win与beat (1)defeat做名词,意为“战胜,击败,失败”;做及物动词,意为“击败,挫败”。defeat的宾语是竞争对手。 (2)win可做及物和不及物动词,意为“赢得,获胜,打胜,博得,获得”。win的宾语不能是竞争对手,而是war,prize,game,match,battle,competition之类的名词。 (3)beat通常用于游戏或比赛中,表示“击败”,后接比赛、辩论或战斗中的对手。defeat和win多用于正式的场合,beat较口语化。,-8-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Every time the workers stuck together they showed their strength and . 每当工人们团结起来的时候,他们就会显示出他们的力量并取得胜利。 (2)Whether we the enemy in one battle,or by degrees, the consequences will be the same. 无论我们是在一次战斗中击败敌军,还是逐步地击败他们,结果都会是一样的。 (3)It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally _ Humphries and became Champion of England. 直到1790年第三次比赛时,他才终于打败亨弗里斯,成了英国的冠军。,won,defeat,beat,-9-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.concern n.关心;忧虑 vt.关心,挂念,担心 as/so far as.be concerned就而言 (3)show/express concern for sb.担心某人 (4)concerning prep.关于,涉及,-10-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Several parents expressed their great their childrens safety at school. 几位家长表示他们很担心他们的孩子在学校的安全。 (2) the brain ,it can work as well after twelve hours as at the beginning. 就大脑而言,在十二个小时的工作之后,它仍然能像开始时一样运转良好而敏捷。 (3)I got the main idea of the story a dog who finally found his way back home. 我弄清了关于那条狗的故事的大意,它最终找到了回家的路。,concern about/for,As far as is concerned,concerning,-11-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.ban vt.取缔 经典例句People are banned from smoking in many public places in England. 在英国许多公共场所禁止吸烟。 (1)ban doing sth.禁止做某事 ban sb.from(doing)sth.禁止某人(做)某事 (2)a ban on sth.对的禁令 put/place a ban on sth.宣布禁止 高级词汇是prohibit,forbid,-12-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)After the accident,he was banned driving. (2)He says the proposals may include a ban drunken driving. (3)The government has decided to ban (smoke)in public places across the country. (4)Always observe district fire (ban).Be careful if you smoke or have an outdoor fire or barbecuemake sure the ash is cold before leaving.,from,on,smoking,bans,-13-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,6.access n.(接近的)方法;通路;入径;(使用或见到的)机会;权利(常与to连用);可接近性 vt.进入;使用 高考佳句 Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment.(2016四川卷,阅读理解) 这样,我就获得了进入他们的生活之地的许可。 (1)have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有的机会;可以接近;进入 give access to准许进入(接近) (2)accessible adj.可到达的;易懂的;随和的 be accessible to可接近的;可靠近的;可使用的,-14-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,用法点拨(1)access的本意是进入某一地点的“通道,入口”,侧重进入的手段与途径,其含义是抽象的,一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得的方法、手段、权力等”,常与介词to连用。此外,access在计算机术语中可当“访问,进网”讲。 (2)在access to中,介词to后可接名词或代词,一般不接doing。,-15-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)All students the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall. 所有学生都有机会进入道格拉斯大厅顶层的写作中心。 (2)He is all the people around him. 他很平易近人。 (3)The access success is to make good use of the access to education. 通向成功的方法是好好利用受教育的机会。 (4)Medicine should be kept where it is out of childrens range. =Medicine should not be kept where it is children. (accessible) =Medicine should be kept where it is .(reach),have access to,accessible to,to,accessible to,out of childrens reach,-16-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,7.convenient adj.方便的;便利的 经典例句 If it is convenient for you,lets meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. 如果你方便的话,我们8:30在校门外碰头吧。 (1)It is/was convenient for sb.to do sth.某人做某事方便。 It is/was convenient that.方便。 (2)convenience n.方便,便利;便利的用具/设施 at ones convenience在某人方便的时候 for convenience为了方便 用法点拨convenient只能用物/事做主语或用it做形式主语,而不能用人做主语。,-17-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)I am sorry.I am afraid me to leave the phone number to you. 不好意思,我恐怕不太方便留电话号码给你。 (2) ,the German translation is printed below. 为了方便起见,德语翻译印在下面。 (3)Can you phone me to arrange a further discussion? 你能在方便的时候给我打个电话安排进一步的会谈吗?,it is not convenient for,For convenience,at your convenience,-18-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,8.differ vi.相异,有区别 经典例句 Ideas on childcare may differ considerately between the parents. 在抚育儿童方面父母的观点可能迥然不同。 (1)differ from不同于;和不同 differ in在方面不同 differ(with sb.)on/about/over sth.在上(和某人)有分歧/异议 (2)difference n.差别,差异 make a difference to.和有差别;对有影响 tell the difference between A and B分清A和B (3)different adj.不同的,个别的 be different from.in.在方面与不同,-19-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Humans differ other animals their ability to speak. (2)The two things are the same in their appearance,but different _kind. (3)What you have told me may make a difference my own position. (4)They are twins,so its hard for me to tell difference between them.,from in,in,to,the,-20-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(5)British English differs obviously from American English in pronunciation and spelling. =British English is American English in pronunciation and spelling.(different) =There are between British English and American English in pronunciation and spelling.(difference),obviously different from,obvious differences,-21-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.name after 以命名 经典例句 Webb Elliss schoolmates enjoyed this new game,which they named after the school. 韦布埃利斯的同学们很喜欢这个新游戏,就用他们的校名作为该游戏的名字。 (1)name sb./sth.for以的名字为某人或某物命名 (2)in the name of以的名义;代表某人 by name 名叫的,凭名字 by the name of 称作;叫作 under the name of用为别名,-22-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)They her mother. 他们用她妈妈的名字为这个女孩命名。 (2) justice,all men should be equal before laws. 在公正的名义下,所有人在法律面前应该是平等的。 (3)Is there anyone Dennis Fleming? 是不是有位名叫丹尼斯弗莱明的先生? (4)Munro wrote Saki. 门罗以笔名萨基从事写作。,name the little girl after,In the name of,by the name of,under the name of,-23-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.aside from 除之外 经典例句 Aside from a severe fright,Mr.White was uninjured. 除了严重惊吓之外,怀特先生并无受伤。 (1)besides除外的部分包含在内,相当于with/plus (2)except除外的部分不包含在内,相当于without (3)apart/aside from兼有besides以及except的用法 (4)except for排除整体中的一个细节或某一方面 四维热练 (1)All the students took part in the sports meeting Tom. (2)We need three more chairs the two. (3) the ending,its a really good film.,except /aside from,besides/aside from,Aside from/Except for,-24-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.lead to 导致;造成(后果) 高考佳句 So,how can you make small talk lead to a new friendship or job?(2015安徽卷,阅读理解) 所以,你怎样能使闲聊引向一段新的友谊或工作? (1)lead sb.to do.使某人做 lead sb.to.带某人去 lead the way带路 lead sb.by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走 (2)in the lead领先;处于首位 take the lead带头;领先 (3)result in导致 contribute to导致;有助于 bring about引起 give rise to引起,使发生,-25-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)With him (带路),we got there without any difficulty.But for him,we would have been lost,which would (导致)serious consequences.His action (使我们相信)that he was our true friend. (2)This policy will give rise to greater instability in the region. =This policy will greater instability in the region.(lead) =This policy will greater instability in the region.(result) =This policy will greater instability in the region.(contribute),leading the way,lead to,led us to believe,lead to,result in,contribute to,-26-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.stand for 代表,象征;支持;主张;容忍(用于否定句) 高考佳句 With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.(2016全国卷,七选五) 用一本密码本,你可以写下代表其他单词的词语。 stand by站在旁边;袖手旁观;支持 stand out突出;显眼;杰出 stand doing容忍做 as it stands照此情况,照这个样子 from where I stand以我的观点(立场),-27-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 用stand的相关短语填空 (1)How can you and see him accused of something he didnt do? (2)The new road sign is easy to read;the words well. (3)The five-star red flag our country.,stand by,stand out,stands for,-28-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.as a whole 作为整体,总体上;整体看来 经典例句 The festival will be great for our city and for the country as a whole. 这次会演对我们城市乃至整个国家都将是意义重大的。 on the whole 大体上;基本上;总的来说 the whole of 整个 wholly adv.完全地;全部地 四维热练 (1)The department a whole has performed well this year. (2) the whole,he got what he wanted. (3)I am (whole)responsible for the confusion.,as,On,wholly,-29-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.It is certain that this process will continue,and people will keep inventing new words and new ways of saying things.可以肯定的是这个进程还将继续,并且人们还在不断发明新词和描述事物的新方法。(Page 23) (1)此句型中it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句。certain 意为“确定的”,主要用作表语,与sure意义相似,但sure后跟宾语从句时,前面的主语必须是人,即“sb.be sure+that从句”。 (2)be certain of/about肯定,有把握;make certain of/about sth.确保某事;be certain/sure to do一定会做。 (3)certain表示“某一,某种”时,不能用sure替换。,-30-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)However,the scheme meet opposition from fishermens leaders. 不过这个计划肯定会遭到渔夫头领们的反对。 (2) that theyll accept that candidate if he wins. 如果那位候选人胜出,无法肯定他们是否会接受他。,is certain to,Its not certain,-31-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.The question of whether English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer.将来英语是否会继续改变这一问题是很容易回答的。(Page 23) (1)在句型“主语+be+形容词+不定式”中,不定式做表语形容词的状语,并且和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,此时不定式多用主动形式表示被动含义。 (2)该不定式中的动词必须是及物动词;动词为不及物动词时,需在动词后加上相应的介词。 (3)常见的此类形容词有easy,hard,difficult,interesting,heavy,pleasant, comfortable,safe,dangerous,impossible等,该类形容词说明的是不定式的性质。,-32-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Their plan is very easy (carry)out. (2)This machine is very easy (operate). Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. (3)I like getting up early in summer.The morning air is so good _(breathe). (4)The question was easy enough me to answer.,to carry,to operate,to breathe,for,-33-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects.并不是所有的汉字都是从对物体的绘画发展而来的。(Page 38) (1)all用于否定句时,表示部分否定。另外,both与every及every的合成词用于否定句时也表示部分否定,表示 “并非两者都”“并不是每个都”。 (2)none,neither,nobody,nothing,never等词表示全部否定。 四维热练 (1) was rescued from the earthquake. 并不是所有的人都从地震中被救出来了。 (2) can work out the problem. 不是所有的学生都能解出这道题。,Everybody/Everyone not,Not all the students,-34-,.单句语法填空 1.He carried on several (occupy)at a time. 2.There is no (differ)between the sexes. 3.The sudden (appear)of the teacher caused them to run away. 4.He said it would be made of people interested in higher education. 5.This book is easily (access)to the young reader. 6.In sum,theory must be combined with (practise). 7.Everything was quiet,aside the occasional sound of a car in the distance. 8.We took control the entire town,and the enemy was entirely defeated.,occupations,difference,appearance,up,accessible,practice,from,of,-35-,9.Two Chinese scientists now have access the most advanced lab in the world now. 10.We must look at the educational problem a whole.,to,as,-36-,.单句改错 1.This dirt road leads the temple on the mountain top. _ 2.The experiment consisted 86 cancer patients and 83 healthy people last year. _ 3.The American flag stand for freedom and justice. _ 4.Humans different from other mammals in their ability to speak. _ 5.Choose what to eat is no longer as easy as it once was. _,leads后加to consisted后加of standstands differentdiffer或者different前加are ChooseChoosing,-37-,6.The students banned from bringing cell phones to school. _ 7.Hes a different man about what he was ten years ago. _,banned前加 are aboutfrom,-38-,.话题微写作 翻译下面5个句子,然后通过合理想象,用恰当的修辞手段整合成一篇短文。 1.良好的礼仪是由很多方面组成的。(make up of) 2.语言是最好的表达方式。(means) 3.不随意打断别人谈话是礼貌的。(interrupt) 4.词不达意可能会产生令人尴尬的情形。(embarrassment) 5.总体来说,我们应该主动问候他人,不能以貌取人。(as a whole,ought to),-39-,Good manners are made up of many factors.However,language is the best means of expression.It is polite not to interrupt others while they are talking.Failing to express our meanings may cause embarrassment.As a whole,we ought to greet others actively and not to judge people by appearance.,
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