人教版小学英语语法.doc

2014人教版小学英语语法2014武穴家教中心新版学小学英语语法辅导教案小学英语语法复习要点(1)名词的概念在生活中，我们会接触到各种各样的人和事物，用来表示这些人或事物名称的词就是名词。一、名词的数名词的数指名词的单数和复数形式。可数名词表示“一个”时用单数，“两个以上”时用复数；不可数名词表示量时，通常用“数词+单位+of+物质名词”的形式，如 a piece of bread (一片面包)， 变为复数时，只须将单位名词变为复数， 如：two pieces of bread(两片面包)。1. 一般情况下在词尾加 s. 词尾读音shop - shops (商店) 在清辅音后读 s bag - bags (书包) 在浊辅音后读 z window - windows (窗户) 在元音后读 z 2. 以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾的单词在词尾加es。class - classes (班级) 词尾读音 iz box - boxes (盒子)match - matches (比赛)brush - brushes (刷子)3. 以“辅音字母 +y” 结尾的词， 变y为 i 加es.故事) 词尾读音 iz 4. 以“元音字母 +y” 结尾的词，在词尾直接加 skey - keys 词尾读音 z monkey - monkeys5.以 “o” 结尾的名词， 复数有生命的在词尾加“es”, 无生命的加“s”西红柿) 词尾读音 z 土豆)zoo - zoos (动物园)photo - photos (照片)6. 以 f或 fe 结尾的词，多数变f或 fe 为 ves.树叶) 词尾读音 vz knife - knives ( 小刀)7. 不规则名词复数的变化man - men (男人) tooth -teeth (牙齿)child - children (儿童) mouse - mice(老鼠)foot - feet (脚) woman - women (女人)8. 名词单复数形式一样sheep - sheep (绵羊) deer - deer （鹿）English - English（英国人） Chinese - Chinese （中国人）名词复数练习题一，写出下列名词的复数形式1.plane treemonth applebus brushwatch foxlife leafWifeboy monkeybaby5.phototomato hero6. child toothSheep Chinese二，将下列名词变成复数形式。1.computer _ 2.apple _ 3.city _4.house _ 5.sheep _ 6.watch _7.tomato _ 8.child _ 9.tooth _10.foot _ 11.wife _ 12.potato _13.play _ 14.day _ 15.glass _16.radio _ 17.zoo _ 18. life _19. story _ 20.leaf _ 21. baby _22.dress _ 23.butterfly _24. deer _25.class _ 26.brush _ 27.key _28. English _29.mouse _ 30. man _二、名词所有格的构成法1. 主要是在词尾加 s 构成。如:This is Toms desk . 这是汤姆的书桌。That is Mikes book. 那是迈克的书。2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾s ,则仅加一个 . 如:the teachers reading room 教师阅览室the pupils pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒3. 如果原名词是特殊的复数形式，变为所有格形式需在后面加上 s 。如：the childrens palace 少年宫mens room 男厕所名词所有格练习题一、汉译英1Tom的足球 _ 2. 老师们的自行车_3学生们的课桌 _ 4.哥哥的文具盒_5姑姑的卡片 _ 6.猴子们的香蕉_7蚂蚁们的早餐 _ 8.妈妈的包_9姐姐的连衣裙_ 10女孩们的苹果_二、把下列句子翻译成英文1这些 是Peter 的篮球吗？ _2这个是老师的钢笔吗？ _3有一些书在Sam的课桌上。_4有一些孩子们在教室里。_名词复数与所有格综合练习一、改错 （圈出错处，在横线上改正过来）1.There are some butterflys on the table. _2.This is Alice dress. _3.I like tomato very much. _二、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This dog is brown._2. There is a book and a pen on the table._3.That woman is a teacher._三、判断正误，并改正错句，正确的打“ ”1The house is my brother. _2. He has visited many country. _3. They are Englishs. _4. This is Tom red bike. _四、选择填空1There are two _ in the room. A. Chineses B. Englishman2.The old man will have _ out. A. two tooths B. two teeth3. _ are sold in this bookstore. A. Childrens books B. Children books4. Some friends of _ will come here. A. Johns B. John5. Can you give me _? A. some papers B. a piece of paper6.There are _ on the floor. A. some box B. some boxes五、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This sheep is white._2. There is a desk and a chair in the room._3.That man is a doctor._小学英语语法复习要点(2)一、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?动词单数第三人称形式的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式drink _go _stay _make _look _have_pass_carry _come_watch_ plant_fly _study_ brush_do_teach_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _ (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ _ they _ (like) the World Cup?6. What _ _they often _ _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ _ your parents _ _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _ _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _ _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _ _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _ _(like) cooking.12. They _ (have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _ _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _ _(do) your homework well.15. I _ _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _ _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _ _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _ _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _ _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _ _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _一般现在时态专项练习写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式post_ like_ ride_ study_ eat_ visit_ have_ watch_ stop_ pass_ give_ fly_ jump_ rise_ write_ teach_ go_ read_ swim_ do_ 单项选择( )1._ you have a book ? A Do B. Are C. Is D. Have( )2.Does Li Lei like to watch TV? _.A. Yes, he like. B. No, he doesnt. C. Yes, hed like. D. No, he likes.( )3.She doesnt _ her homework in the afternoon. A. doing B. to do C. does D. do( )4.How _ Mr. Smith _ to England? A. do, go B. is , go C. does, go D. does , goes( )5._she_ home at six every day? A. Is , leave B. Does , leave C. Is , leaves D. Does , left 用下列动词的适当形式填空1.I _ ( get ) up at 6 oclock every day.2.My father _ (have) a lovely dog.3.He _ (go ) to school on foot.4.She _ (do ) not like watching TV.5.They _ (play) football every Sunday afternoon.按要求完成下列各题1.Tomorrow is Saturday.(变成一般疑问句) _ _ Saturday ?2.Does he play basketball every weekend? (肯定回答) Yes, _ _.3.She looks like her sister.(变一般疑问句)_ she _ like her sister ?4.Peter and Sam look the same.(一般疑问句) _ they _ the same ?5.Do they always go to the movie (电影院) on Sundays ? (否定回答) No, _ _.五、英汉互译Tom经常放学后（after school）踢足球。_我喜欢唱歌。_He often goes to school on foot._Children like to play this game._今天是星期日。_能力测试卷 （一般现在时）写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式Go_ stop_ write_ buy_have_ do_ fly_ give_swim_ ride_ play_ watch_study_ cry_ read_ work_rise_ go_ come_ carry_用动词的适当形式填空He _ (go) to school on foot.She _ not like watching TV. (do)My father _ (have) a lovely dog.I often _ ( get ) up at six every morning.My mother _ ( work) in a school.英汉互译他经常在周六的时候读英语。_Peter 每天都帮助妈妈做家务。_Tom always plays football after school._ _4I get up at six oclock every day. _5. The coat fits (适合) me very well. _小学英语语法复习要点(3)二、现在进行时现在进行时的介绍1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?但特殊疑问词当主语时其结构为：特殊疑问词 + be + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)_现在进行时态专项练习写出下列动词的现在分词形式stay _ work _ take _do _ spend _ give _listen _ look _ ride _suffer _ make _ please _refuse _ put _ win _close _ sit _ begin _operate _ run _ open _die _ tie _ lie _用所给动词的适当形式填空Mary and Lucy are _ (dance) now.Listen! Someone is _ (play) the piano in the next room.He is _ (sweep) the floor at the moment.Look ! The cat _ _ (eat) the fish on the table.A: _ you _ (study) French ? B: Yes , I am.She often _ (dance) after school.My father and mother _ _ (swim) in the pond.My sister is _ (fly) a kite in the garden.We are _ (watch) TV now.Be quiet ! The baby _ _ (sleep) now.改错We are cleanning our classroom. _She is sing in the next room. _What am you doing? _Mary is comeing back from Beijing._He often flying kites on Sundays. _They is reading books now. _My brother is plays the guitar now. _Sally is danceing in the room. _I watching TV at home now. _Do you listening the radio now? _英汉互译他正在教室里做作业。_We are reading English now._Peter 和Billy in the playground）打篮球。_ Look ! A bird is flying in the sky._公共汽车来了。_ 刘先生经常在周日的时候（on Sundays）看英语书。_ He isnt playing games. He is studying. _孩子们在摘（pick）苹果。_ 捣乱)._10.你们正在做什么?_能力测试卷（现在进行时态）写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式及现在分词形式play _ _ sit _ _do _ _ stop _ _put _ _ swim _ _skate _ _ dance _ _fly _ _ lie _ _二、用动词的适当形式填空1. I am _(watch) TV now.He _ _ (play) in the classroom now.She often _ (dance) after school.My sister is _ (fly) a kite in the park.My parents(父母) _ (swim) in the pond.三、改错1. I watching TV at home now. _2. My father is plays the piano. _He often flying kites on Sundays. _They is reading books. _She is dancing in the room. _英汉互译1Billy正在教室里做作业。 _My mother always cleans the house on Saturdays._你正在做什么？_他们没有踢足球，他们在打篮球。_The bus is coming._小学英语语法复习要点(4)三、一般将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next term (week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to + do； will+ do. 注：be going to=will 意思是：将，将要，打算三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或will后加not或吧will not缩写成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any,第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2. 问干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义词：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.一般将来时练习：1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now.小学英语语法复习要点(5)四、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。 2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didnt +动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？ 如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？ 如：Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooke