Units Conversion Equations and ulas.doc

UNIT CONVERSION EQUATIONS AND FORMULAS A. Metric to U.S. System Conversions, Calculations, Equations, and Formulas: Millimeters (mm) x 0.03937 = inches ()(in) Centimeters (cm) x 0.3937 = inches ()(in) Meters (m) x 39.37 = inches ()(in) Meters (m) x 3.281 = feet ()(ft) Meters (m) x 1.094 = yards (yds) Kilometers (km) x 0.62137 = miles (mi) Kilometers (km) x 3280.87 = feet ()(ft) Liters (l) x 0.2642 = gallons (U.S.)(gals) Liters (l) x 0.0353 = cubic feet Bars x 14.5038 = pounds per square inch (PSI) Kilograms (kg) x 2.205 = Pounds (P) Kilometers (km) x 1093.62 = yards (yds) Square centimeters x 0.155 = square inches Square meters x 10.76 = square feet Square kilometers x 0.386 = square miles Cubic centimeters x 0.06102 = cubic inches Cubic meters x 35.315 = cubic feet B. U.S. to Metric Conversions, Formulas, Calculations, and Equations: Inches ()(in) x 25.4 = millimeters (mm) Inches ()(in) x 2.54 = centimeters (cm) Inches ()(in) x 0.0254 = meters (m) Feet ()(ft) x 0.3048 = meters (m) Yards (yds) x 0.9144 = meters (m) Miles (mi) x 1.6093 = kilometers (km) Feet ()(ft) x 0.0003048 = kilometers (km) Gallons (gals) x 3.78 = liters (l) Cubic feet x 28.316 = liters (l) Pounds (P) x 0.4536 = kilograms (kg) Square inches x 6.452 = square centimeters Square feet x 0.0929 = square meters Square miles x 2.59 = square kilometers Acres x 4046.85 = square meters Cubic inches x 16.39 = cubic centimeters Cubic feet x 0.0283 = cubic meters C.Area and Distance Conversions, Equations, Calculations, and Formulas: Acre x 43560 = square feet Inches x 0.0833 = feet Feet x 12 = inches Square mile (Sections) x 640 = Acres Miles x 5280 = feet Circumference of circle x 0.3183 = Diameter of the circle Diameter of circle x 3.14 = Circumference of circle Diameter squared x 0.7854 = Area of circle Radius squared x 3.14 = Area of circle Miles x 1760 = yards Square Miles x 259 = hectares Square kilometers x 100 = hectares Acres x 0.405 = Hectares Hectares x 2.471 = Acres Yards x 3 = feet Acres x 4840 = square yards D.Water Pressure Equations, Conversions, Formulas, and Calculations: Feet head (of water) x .433 = Pounds per square inch (PSI) Feet head (of water) x 0.3049 = meters head (of water) Feet head (of water) x 0.0295 = atmospheres Feet head (of water) x 2.988 = kiloPascals Meters head (of water) x 3.28 = feet head (of water) atmosphere (Atm) x 1.013 = 1 bar (b) atmosphere x 14.696 = Pounds per square inch (PSI) bars x 1.033 = kilograms per square centimeter bars x 14.67 = Pounds per square inch (PSI) bars x 100 = kiloPascals Kilograms per square centimeter x 14.223 = pounds per square inch (PSI) Pounds per square inch (PSI) x 2.31 = feet head (ft. hd.) Pounds per square inch (PSI) x 0.0703 = kilograms per square centimeter Pounds per square inch (PSI) x 0.06895 = bars Pounds per square inch (PSI) x 0.06805 = atmospheres Pounds per square inch (PSI) x 2.31 = feet head (of water) Pounds per square inch (PSI) x 6.896 = kiloPascals kiloPascal x 0.145 = Pounds per square inch (PSI) kiloPascal x 0.01 = bars kiloPascal x 0.334 = feet head (of water) E.Flow and Water Volume Formulas, Conversions, Calculations, and Equations: U.S. Gallons per minute (gpm) x .1337 = Cubic feet per minute Cubic feet per minute x 7.48 = U.S. gallons per minute Cubic feet per second x 448.8 = U.S. gallons per minute U.S. gallons per minute x 0.00223 = Cubic feet per second Acre inches per hour x 453 = U.S. gallons per minute British Imperial gallons x 1.201 = U.S. gallons U.S. gallons x 0.833 = British Imperial gallons Acre feet x 325,850 = U.S. gallons Acre inches x 27154 = U.S. gallons Velocity in feet per second = (0.408 x GPM) / Inside diameter of pipe in inches, squared One inch of water depth = 0.62 gallons per square foot of area GPM x 226.8 = liters per hour cubic feet per minute x 1699 = liters per hour acre inches per hour x 1712.3 = liters per minute acre feet x 1231.7 = cubic meters acre inch x 102.64 = cubic meters velocity (feet/second) x 0.3047 = velocity (meters/second) velocity (meters/second) x 3.281 = velocity (feet/second) F. Pump Calculations, Conversions, Equations, and Formulas: The following formulas assume 55% pump efficiency (the standard assumption). GPM = (horsepower x 2178) / feet head Feet head = (2178 x horsepower) / GPM Efficiency of pump = (GPM x feet head) / (horsepower x 3960) Horse powers x 745.7 = watts (W) Water flow (in cubic meters per second) = 0.55 x pump power (watts) / pressure (pascals) Water flow (in liters per second) = 5.43 x pump power (kilowatts) / pressure (bars)