新课标同步导学英语[外研·全国卷I]必修5练习：1-1 Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary

111Module 1 Section I (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！).单项填空1The youth are often compared_the morning sun.AwithBtoCas Din解析：句意为：年轻人经常被比作是早晨的太阳。be compared to被比作；be compared with使与比较。答案：B2Thoughts of westerners differ much_oriental (东方的) in a number of ways.Abetween Bbetween thoseCfrom Dfrom those of解析：“A differ from B”为固定搭配，故选D。those指前面的thoughts。答案：D3Janes summer vacation in England led to_an Englishman.Aher marry Bher to marryCher being married Dher marrying解析：lead to “导致”，to为介词，后接动名词作宾语，且her与marry是主动关系，故选D。答案：D4You can never imagine what great difficulty I had_your house all by myself.Afound BfindingCto find Dfor finding解析：考查have difficulty(in)doing sth.结构。“I had.”是定语从句。句意为：你无法想像我自己找到你家遇到了多大困难。答案：B5Youd better not leave the medicine_kids can get at it.Aeven if BwhichCwhere Dso that解析：句意为：你最好不要把药放在孩子们能够得着的地方。本题考查where引导的地点状语从句，本句相当于：Youd better not leave the medicine in the place where kids can get at it.这是一个由where引导的定语从句，有先行词in the place；这也说明选项B不合适的原因。答案：C6News soon_that he had resigned because of his health.Agot around Bgot acrossCgot over Dgot back解析：get around表示“流传，四处走动”，符合句意；get across被理解；get over克服；get back返回。句意为：因健康原因他辞职的消息很快传开了。答案：A 7Though he is a(n)_worker，he works very hard.Aordinary BcommonCusual Dgeneral解析：ordinary强调与一般事物的性质标准相同。句意为：虽然他是一个一般的工人，但工作非常努力。答案：A8The suit fitted him well_the colour was a little brighter.Aexcept for Bexcept thatCexcept when Dbesides解析：except that后接表示事实内容的从句，且符合句意。except when后接的从句相当于时间状语从句。答案：B9_with the size of the whole earth，the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.ACompare BWhen comparingCComparing DWhen compared解析：本题考查状语从句中非谓语动词的用法。过去分词compared作状语表示被动，对地球与最大的海洋进行比较。答案：D10The chairman thought_necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.Athat BitCthis Dhim解析：四个选项中只有it能够用做形式宾语。句意为：“主席认为邀请史密斯教授在会上发言很有必要。”答案：B11Why are you so anxious？It isnt your problem_.Aon purpose Bin allCon time Dafter all解析：句意为：你为什么担心呢？那根本不是你的问题。on purpose有意地；in all总共；on time准时；after all毕竟，终究，别忘了，到底。答案：D12From her_look，I knew Jonna couldnt understand your_opinions about the universe.Aconfused；confusing Bconfusing；confusedCconfusing；confusing Dconfused；confused解析：句意为：“从她迷惑的表情，我知道Jonna没有理解你的关于宇宙令人费解的观点。”第一个空描述她感到迷惑的表情。要用confused；第二个空表示“令人费解的”，要用confusing，故选A。答案：A13What do you feel like，staying at home or going shopping?It_to me.Ais not a difference Bmakes no differenceCis not different Dmakes not a difference解析：句意为：你想去干什么，待在家里还是去购物？对我而言，都一样。make no difference没区别，都一样。答案：B14Tom and David are both my good friends.David seems very serious，_Tom has a good sense of humor.Awhen BwhereCwhich Dwhile解析：while作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况，意为“而，却”。由后句句意“David看上去很严肃，Tom却很幽默”可知选D。答案：D15These stores have nearly as great a_of goods as department stores，but the prices are lower.Avariety BmixtureCvariation Dnumber解析：考查名词辨析。句意为：这些商店的商品种类并不少于百货商店，但价钱较便宜。a considerable/great/wide variety of各种各样的，品类繁多的；a mixture of的混合体；a number of许多，与可数名词连用；a variation of(数量、水平等的)变化，变更。答案：A.完形填空Every morning my friend would stop on the way to work to have a quick breakfast with her 8yearold son.Then she_1_him off at school.They ate the same thing every morning：an egg sandwich，juice，coffee for her，and milk for him.One day she ordered a(n)_2_breakfast.Once they finished eating and were heading out of the door，she_3_，said good morning to a homeless man sitting outside of the_4_，and gave him the breakfast she had ordered for him.He_5_her，telling her it was his first meal during the last several_6_.She couldnt help but feel_7_and was glad she finally took_8_.She told her son that she had seen the man every day that week there and that_9_，herself included，had offered him_10_，support，food，or drink.She_11_explained that homelessness could happen to anyone and that it was important to_12_needy people.So her “Tradition of Kindness”_13_.Each day she and her son went on to_14_the homeless man breakfast.The_15_was kept until they moved away several years later，_16_the experience was firmly put into her sons mind.My friend_17_every time she tells me that this “Tradition of Kindness” goes on with her son，who remembers this_18_tradition.Now working in a company，her son stops every morning at Starbucks for a coffee and offers a homeless person a breakfast before going to the_19_.What a great tradition that he can_20_to his children as well!语篇解读一次偶然的机会，作者的朋友把一份早餐给了一个流浪者，从此她和儿子开始了给流浪者买早餐的行动，这也成了他们的一个传统，她的儿子参加工作后依然继续着这种行动。 1A.sent BdroppedCcalled Ddrove解析：根据句中at school可知，作者的朋友开车把儿子送到学校。drop sb.off让下车。答案：B2A.light BexpensiveCordinary Dextra解析：根据下文内容可知，作者的朋友把一份早餐给了一个流浪者，这说明那份早餐是多出来的。答案：D3A.stopped BescapedCbacked Dhid解析：作者的朋友和一个流浪者说话并给他早餐，说明她停了下来。答案：A4A.shop BmarketChotel Drestaurant解析：作者的朋友刚吃完早餐出来，由此可推断那个流浪者在饭店门口。答案：D5A.recognized BrefusedCthanked Dfound解析：根据常理，作者的朋友给那个流浪者早餐，他应该表示感谢。答案：C6A.days BminutesCmonths Dweeks解析：根据下一段every day that week可知，这个流浪汉已经好几天没有吃东西了。答案：A7A.cold BgoodCstrange Dnervous解析：根据后半句中was glad可知，作者感到很开心。答案：B8A.action BtimeCcare Deffect解析：这里用短语take action，指的是她帮助了那个流浪者。作者的朋友每天早晨都在这里吃饭，今天是第一次给那个流浪者早餐，所以是终于采取了行动。答案：A9A.everyone BsomeoneCno one Danyone解析：根据第二段it was his first meal可知，那个星期里，在她给那个流浪者早餐前，没有人帮助他，包括她自己在内。答案：C10A.education BinformationCcomfort Dsafety解析：与句中support，food，drink相应的是comfort，指对那个流浪者的安慰。答案：C11A.again BfurtherConce Dfirst解析：根据that后面的从句可知，这是她进一步解释的内容，故用further。答案：B12A.contact BencourageCfollow Dhelp解析：根据前半句内容可推断，这里指帮助贫穷的人是很重要的。答案：D13A.began BexistedCfailed Dchanged解析：根据下文内容可知，作者的朋友不断地帮助那个流浪者，说明她们开始了做善事的传统。答案：A14A.win BbuyCshow Daward解析：自从第一次给流浪者买早餐后，他们继续这种善举，因此用buy。答案：B15A.promise BagreementCorder Dpractice解析：这里用practice指他们给流浪者买早餐的这种行为习惯。答案：D16A.although BsoCbut Dbecause解析：他们搬家后就中断了这种善举，但是这段经历却深深地印在了儿子的心里。前后为转折关系。答案：C17A.cries BjumpsCjokes Dsmiles解析：根据as后面的内容可知，她对儿子的行为表示赞许，因此应该保持微笑。答案：D18A.school BchildhoodCyouth Dadulthood解析：根据第一段her 8yearold son可推断，为流浪者提供早餐的传统从她儿子童年时就开始了。答案：B19A.office BcinemaCstore Dlibrary解析：根据working in a company可知，她儿子给一个无家可归的人提供早餐后要去上班。答案：A20A.connect BrelateCpass Dmove解析：根据to his children可知，作者希望他能够把这个传统也传给他的孩子们。答案：C.阅读理解Language experts say that spoken English was almost the same in the American colonies and Britain two hundred years ago.Americans began to change the sound of their speech after the Revolutionary War in 1776.They wanted to make it different to separate themselves from the British in language；in the same way they separated themselves from the British government.Some American leaders proposed major changes in the language.Benjamin Franklin wanted a whole new system of spelling.His reforms were not accepted.But his ideas did influence others.One was Noah Webster.Webster wrote language books for schools.He believed the United States should have a system of its own language as well as government.Webster published a dictionary of the American language in 1828.It established rules for speaking and spelling the words used in American English.Webster wrote that all words should be said in the order of the letters that they spell them.This is why Americans use the letters “er” to end many words instead of the British “re”Websters rule for saying every part of a word made American English easier for foreign settlers to learn.They learned to say “waistcoat”，for example，the way it is spelled instead of the British “weskit”The different languages of many people who came to the United States also helped make American and British English different.Many of their foreign words and expressions became part of English as Americans speak them.Sometimes Americans and the British people do not understand each other because of different word meanings.For example，the word “jumper” in Britain means a sweater.In the United States，it is a dress.The British word “brolly” is an “umbrella” in America.All of these differences led British writer George Bernard Shaw to joke that Britain and America are two countries separated by the same language!语篇解读英国作家肖伯纳曾说“英美是被同一种语言分割的两个国家”，本文主要介绍了美语产生的原因及其发展。 1What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to?ASeparating themselves from the British in language.BWritten English in America.CSpoken English in America.DSpoken English in Britain.解析：代词指代题。第一段主要是围绕美国口语来讲的，从第一、二句话中的spoken English，the sound of their speech可推知此处it指代的是美国人讲的口语。答案：C2Why did Americans want their language to differ from British English?ABecause they found British English hard to speak .BBecause they found British English hard to spell .CBecause they wanted to have their own language and government .DBecause foreign settlers wanted them to change their language .解析：细节理解题。从第一段第三句及第三段第二句可知C项正确。答案：C3Why do Americans use the word “meter” instead of the word “metre” ?ABecause Benjamin Franklin didnt like the word “metre”BBecause the word “meter” was absorbed from other languages.CBecause Webster thought the word should be said in order of letters that be spelt.DBecause Webster thought American English should be made easier for foreign settlers to learn.解析：细节理解题。见第四段，文中提到韦伯斯特认为所有的单词应该按照字母拼写的顺序构成，如er。答案：C4Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why English began to change in America?AThe government leaders.BNoah Webster.CImmigration to America.DThe difficulty Americans had in understanding the British.解析：细节理解题。从文章第二段第一、二句可知A项正确；从三、四、五段可知B项正确；从第六段可知美式英语受众多其他语言的影响，这就更加剧了它与英式英语的分化，C项正确；而D项在文中没有依据，并非英语在美国变化的原因。答案：D5What does the passage mainly talk about?ANoah Webster simplifying the spelling of English words.BDifferences and similarities between British and American English.CThe reasons that American English formed and its development.DVarieties of English throughout the world.解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了美语产生的原因及其发展，可知C项正确。答案：C111