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111Module8unit2The universal languageReading 中知识点1. universal adj 普遍的，共通的，公认的，宇宙的。War causes universal misery. 战争造成了普遍的痛苦。Television provides universal entertainment。 电视提供了大众娱乐。 a universal rule 普遍适用的规则。2.star. vt. star (in sth) be a star ( in a play, film, etc.)在（戏剧，电影中）担任主角，主演She is to star in a new film .她将主演一部新影片。 star sb. (in sth) present sb. As a star, feature sb.使某人担任主演，由某人主演。My favourite film stars Marilyn Monroe.我最喜欢的电影由玛丽梦露主演。The director wanted to star Michael Caine in his new film.这位导演想让麦克尔。凯恩主演他的新片子。stardom n.明星或主演的地位，身份。3.cast vt. (pt ,pp. cast) give (an actor ) a part in a play由主演，使成为明星，由担任主角 cast sb.(as sb) , cast sb. (in sth) He was cast as Othello/ in the role of Othello. 他将被选派担任奥赛罗这一角色。4.outdoor adj attr 作定语of used in, done in or existing in the open air(outside a building or a house) 户外的，户外用的，露天的 outdoor activities 户外活动 outdoor clothing 户外穿的衣服outdoor sport 户外运动outdoors adv.在户外 ，在露天，在外面Indoor adj. Indoors adv.5.be drunk with 醉心于，沉溺于 由于 而忘乎所以 Its reported that many middle school students are drunk with playing computer games. The young couple were drunk with their happy and peaceful life.6.dare vi (with or without to)，1)（用或不用 to,）敢于，敢 胆敢。 He didnt dare (to) go I wonder how he dares (to) say such things. Ive never dared (to ) ask him 2) Take the risk of, face。 敢冒（危险）：面对；不惧 He will dare any danger. 他敢冒任何危险。3）dare sb (to do sth.) challenge; suggest that sb has not the courage or ability to do sth. 挑激，暗示某人无勇气或能力做某事。I dare you to say that again! 我谅你也不敢再说这样的话。He dares me to jump from the bridge into the river.他激将我从桥上跳到河里。daring n冒险精神，勇气，勇敢lose ones daring 失去勇气adj. brave.勇敢的。胆大的a daring robbery.胆大的抢劫What a daring thing to do!这真是件有胆量的人做的事。7.exercise. vt. employ, make use of 应用，运用exercise control over.对 .实施.控制 ，控制 exercise patience 运用耐心 exercise authority over sb 对.使用权威 exercise ones rights行使权 利8.break ones promise 食言， 收回承诺。 keep ones promise遵守诺言。9.recite vt背诵，朗诵；叙述，描述，列举，一一说出。 He recited his poem in front of the whole class. 他当着全班的面背诵了他自己的一首诗。 The mayo recited to the Queen a long and tedious speech of welcome 市长向女王背诵了一篇又长又臭的欢迎词。 recite ones grievances 描述某人的苦难。 recite the names of all the capital cities of Europe 列举欧洲各国的首都的名字10.terrify vt .(pt,pp terrified)fill with fear.使恐怖，使惊恐。 The child was terrified of being left alone in the house. 那孩子因为一个人在家而感到害怕。 She was terrified out of her wits. 她吓的魂不附体 What a terrifying experience! 多可怕的一次经历！terrifying adj terrified adj11.torture vt.n cause severe suffering to 使受剧烈痛苦，折磨。 Many of the prisoners have been tortured. 许多囚犯都被刑讯逼供过。 Dont torture yourself by thinking those unpleasant things. 别再想那些不愉快的事情来折磨你自己了。 torture a man to make him confess sth.拷打一个人使其招供 Recently he was tortured with great anxiety. 最近他为烦恼所苦。torture n.拷打，拷问，酷刑逼供；（精神或肉体上的）折磨，煎熬，痛苦The confession was made under torture.这份供词是严刑逼供得来的。A whole day without chocolate must be torture for you。一整天没有巧克力吃肯定让你难受。12.stage. vt put on the stage, put before the public. To stage Hamlet 上演哈姆雷特 This drama was well/badly staged这剧本适合/不适合上演。The group of students staged a drama written by themselves.这群学生把自己写的戏剧搬上了舞台。13.condemn vt 1）say that sb is ,or has done, wrong or that sth is wrong, faulty of unfit for use 责备，责难，谴责 指摘，指.为不当 condemn sb for sthWe all condemn cruelty to children我们都一致谴责虐待儿童。Everyone condemned his foolish behaviour.每个人都责备他愚蠢的行为。The newspapers condemned the Prime minister for his attitude toward the event.各报纸因为首相对此事的态度而责难他。2）(legal) give judgement against condemn sb (to) （法律）判罪；处刑 condemn a murder to life imprisonment. 判凶手无期徒刑be condemned to death被处死Sentences and phrases in the text.1. line 5 He likes East Asia very much and also wrote Madam Butterfly, which is set in Japan. 他非常喜欢东亚，还创作了以日本为背景的蝴蝶夫人。be set in 以为背景. The story was set in Britain of the 19th century. 这个故事以19世纪的英国为背景。2Line10. Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City there could not be a better setting. 想想在紫禁城里上演这部戏剧吧- 不可能有比这更好的场景了！1) imagine doing sth.想象做2) there could not be a better setting. 不可能有比这更好的场景了！ Eg. I could not agree more. 我非常同意你。 You could not find a better friend than him.你不能找到一个比他更好的朋友了。（他是你能找到的最好的朋友）3.line27 Turandot is desperate to learn his name and threatens and terrifies liu because she knows his name. 图兰朵不顾一切的想知道卡拉夫的名字，她威胁恐吓柳儿，因为柳儿知道卡拉夫的名字。be desperate to do不顾一切的做 be dying/hungry/thirsty to do .4.line31. Then Calaf says his own name aloud, leaving his future in Turandots hands. 然后卡拉夫大声的说出了自己的名字，把自己的未来托付给图兰朵的手上。 leave sth in ones hands把托付到某人的手上。Eg. We should leave our happiness in someone elses hands.5 line39 the production combined the very best of Western and Chinese talents in music ,tagging and directing. 这次演出结合了中西方最优秀的音乐，演艺及导演人才。 Combine the very best of A ,B,and C 结合了A,B,C的优点6.line47. However, in this wonderful production, it has been transformed into the location for a beautiful and heartbreaking love story.但是，在这次精彩的演出中，它变成了一个美丽而令人心碎的故事的发生地。transform sth (into sth) change the shape ,appearance, quality or nature ofeg. Success and wealth transformed his character a caterpillar(毛虫) is transformed into a butterflyGrammar 中知识点1Privilege n. 特别待遇，特权Education should be a universal right and not a privilege.教育应当是全民的权利，而是某部分人特别享有的。You can enjoy all the benefits and privileges of club membership.你可以享有俱乐部成员的一切福利和优惠。privileged adj. 有特权的，受特别优待的Those in authority were in a privileged position.有地位自有特权。She comes from a privileged background.她出身特权阶层。2 desire n./vi./ vt. 愿望；渴望；欲望n. a strong desire for power. 强烈的权利欲 Enough money to satisfy all your desires足够的钱来满足你所有的欲望。She felt an overwhelming desire to return home. have desire to do 渴望做某事 v. We all desire health and happiness. The house had everything you could desire.要什么有什么。3hire vt. 雇佣，租用，出租The young couple hired a wedding dress.hire a car/room/video /a lawyer/consultant 聘请律师/顾问She was hired three years ago. 她是三年前录用的。He does the hiring and firing in our company.他在我们负责员工的辞退的录用。4.performer n表演者Performance n. 表演，演出The performance starts at seven.an evening performance 晚场演出Perform v.做，执行，履行； 演出To perform an experiment/ a miracle/ a ceremony做实验/创奇迹/举行仪式Id like to hear it performed live. 我希望听现场演出。Perform magic tricks 表演魔术The play was first performed in 1987.5. personnel n. 人员/员工（1）（组织或军队中）全体人员，职员Skilled /trained personnel 熟练的/训练有素的人员Sales/technical/medical/security personnel 推销/技术/医务/保安人员Army/military personnel 陆军/军事人员（2）人事部门 the personnel department / manager 人事部门/人事经理She works in lersonnel.她在人事部工作。Personal adj. 个人的，私人的，本人的 personal belongings 私人财产6Tremble vi./n. 颤抖，发抖 tremble with anger 气得发抖v. My legs were trembling with fear.Her voice trembled with excitement.He opened the letter with excitement.n. There was a tremble in his voice. A tremble of excitement / fear7. apply for 申请 Apply for a scholarship /visa 申请奖学金/护照Apply a theory to practiceApply oneself to致力于Task 中知识点1 Status n. 地位；身份；情形，状态Legal status 合法地位Low status jobs 地位低下的工作To leave a high social status 拥有很高的社会地位Women are only asking to be given equal status with men.妇女只是追求得到和男人平等的地位。2 composer n.创作者，作曲家(尤指古典音乐)compose v.(1) 组成，构成（一个整体）Ten men composed the committee. 委员会由十人组成（2）作曲，创作（音乐）Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died.莫扎特在创作出他最后一部歌剧后不久便去世了。3 bachelor n.单身汉；学士学位a bachelors /masters/doctors degree a Bachelor of Arts/Engineering/Science 文学士/工程学士/理学士 4 fame 名声，名誉，名气to win/achieve instant fane 立即赢得名声fame and fortune 名利project中知识点1. essential adj.(1) 本质的，实质的The essential difference between us is that I take life seriously.(2) 基本的；必需的 essential services such as shops and buses. 诸如商店，公交车之类的基本服务essential vitamins/minerals/nutrients 身体健康所必需的维生素/矿物质/营养Light is essential for the healthy development of plants.光对于植物的健康成长是必不可少的。2.decline n./vi.衰弱；衰败v. Support for the party continues to decline.Decline steadily/ sharply/ rapidly/dramatically 稳步下降/迅速下降n. a rapid/sharp/gradual/steep/dramatic decline迅速/急剧/逐渐下降An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public transport.3.trend n. 倾向，趋势，潮流Economic/ social/political trends 经济/社会/政治趋势Weve seen a trend towards more violent films this year.我们看到今年有更加暴力的方向发展的趋势。The latest trends in popular music. 流行音乐的最新趋势4.discrimination n.sexual /age/racial discrimination 性别、年龄、种族歧视discrimination against women 对女性的歧视4.promoter He is an enthusiastic promoter of good causes.他是公益活动的热心推广者。Promote v.提升，晋级；促进，推广，促销The band has gone on tour to promote their new album.这个乐队开始巡回宣传他们的新唱片。Promotion n.提升，提拔Her job is mainly concerned with sales and promotion.她的工作主要是营销和广告宣传方面。5.make a fortune 发财，赚钱He made a fortune in real astate.他在房地产上发了财。On ones way to fame and fortune 名利双收的路上He made a considerable fortune by selling waste materials.他靠卖废料发了财。inherit a large fortune 继承一大笔财产seek ones fortune寻出路（喻）去淘金try ones fortune碰运气fortune teller占卜者，算命者6. prayer n. 祈祷，祈求，愿望He was a firm believer in the power of prayer.他对祈祷的力量信无疑He arrived, as if in answer to her prayers.他终于来了，好像他的祷告很灵验。Evening/morning/daily prayers 早晚每日祷告A prayer for rain/successs/forgiveness 祈雨、祈求成功、宽恕Pray for They prayed for peace.Pray to God to do He prayed to God to save him.7.cut short cut sb. short 打断某人说话Its bad manners to cut someone short in a conversation.Cut sth short Im sorry we had to cut our visit short.很遗憾，我们不得不缩短访问时间。Cut down 砍倒，夺去Cut up 切掉，切断，断绝Cut off删除8.be drafted into 征召入伍He was drafted into the army in 1982.draft vt. 起草，草拟；征召入伍n.草稿The governments first task was to a new constitution for the country.first/final draft 初稿、终稿I showed David a draft of the letter.他给大卫看了信的草稿。9.regain You should soon regained your appetite.你不久又会恢复食欲。After losing the second set, Fowler regained his confidence and won the third set.输掉第2 轮后，fowler又重拾信心，赢得了第3轮。Regain consciousness 恢复知觉10Appeal n.(1)吸引力，感染力Mass/wide/popular appeal 对大众的/广泛的/普遍的感染力The Beatles have never really lost their appeal.The prospect of living in a city holds little appeal for me.（2）呼吁，诉请To launch a TV appeal for donations to the charity通过电视呼吁为该慈善事业捐款v. The design has to appeal to all ages and social groups.设计要雅俗共赏，老幼皆宜。Police have appealed for witnesses to come forward.警方呼吁证人要挺身而出。11Break up 解散，解体，分手The meeting broke up at 11 oclock.Their marriage has broken up .(结束，破裂)The ship broke up on the rocks 船触礁撞碎了。（粉碎，破裂）Break down 出毛病/抛锚Break into 突然闯入Break out （战争，火灾等）发生，爆发Break out of 摆脱束缚12.phenomenon n. 现象 phenomena (复数)Cultural/natural/social/phenomena文化/自然/社会现象Terrorism is a phenomenon of the 20th century.恐怖主义是20世纪的现象。13 Mental Mental health/illness/problemsMental age 智力年龄/心理年龄Mental disorder/hospital 精神紊乱/精神病院She was suffering from physical and mental exhausitions. 她当时已经是筋疲力尽。111
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