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111Teaching Plan for Unit 2 Robots (选修7)Objectives:Knowledge aims:1Get students to learn the useful words and expressions in this unit: fiction, desire, satisfaction, alarm, alarmed, sympathy, elegant, pile, scan, fingernail, absurd, haircut, accompany, cushion, awful, affair, declare, envy, test out, ring up, turn around, leave.alone etc 2Help students to learn about robots and science fiction.Ability aims:1Let students read the science fiction to develop their reading ability.2Enable students to grasp what Tony did to help Claire and how her feelings towards Tony changed during Tonys stay at her house.Emotional aims:1To increase students passion for science and cultivate their imagination.2To cultivate students interest of foreign literature through comparison between Chinese fiction and foreign fiction.3Develop students sense of cooperative learning.Important points:To grasp what Tony did to help Claire and how her feelings towards Tony changed during Tonys stay at her house.Difficult points:1Develop students reading ability.2How Claires feelings towards Tony changed during Tonys stay at her house.Teaching periods:Period 1: Warming up and readingPeriod 2: Learning about language and language pointsPeriod 3: GrammarPeriod 4: Using languagePeriod 5: Listening and speakingPeriod 6: WritingTeaching methods:1Taskbased teaching and learning.2Cooperative learning.Period 1 Warming up and ReadingObjectives:1. Become interested in robots and enjoy science fiction.2. Think about the three laws for robots that Isaac Asimov developed.3. Grasp what Tony did to help Claire and how her emotion developed during Tonys stay at her house.Step 1Warming upT: What is a robot? What can a robot do?Suggested answers：A robot is a machine designed to do jobs that are usually performed by humans. Robots are programmed and controlled by a computer.A robot can do many things. For example, it can play music, sing songs and dance to music；it can pour tea, sweep the floor and cook dinner; it can play football; it can explore dangerous places; it can play with children; it can serve us etc.Step 2PrereadingT: Do you think it is possible for a robot to think for itself, have feelings, have its own needs and desires, or look and feel like a human being?(Various answers can be accepted.)Step 3Reading1 Skimming: Read the story quickly and find the main characters in the story and their relationship.Larry Belmontemployed in a company that made robotsClaire BelmontLarrys wife，a housewifeTonythe robot Gladys Clafferna woman that Claire envied2. Scanning:Claires feelings toward Tony changed as the story developed. Scan the story, then fill in Claires feelings according to the different occasions.OccasionClaire.1.Before he arriveddisliked him2.When he arrivedwas alarmed3.When he offered to help her dressfelt embarrassed4.When he offered to help her improve her house and herselfadmired him5.When he helped her with the salesmancalled him a dear6.When she fell off a ladder and caught by Tonyfelt his warmth7.When she heard Gladys whispering to another woman that she had never seen anyone so handsome as Tonyfelt being envied8.When she remembered Tony was just a machinecried all night3. Detailed reading: Answer the following questions. (1). What did the robot called Tony look like?He was tall and handsome although his facial expressions never changed.His hair was smooth and black and his voice was deep.(2). Why did Tony open the curtains?He wanted Claires guests to see him and Claire together so that she could be envied by the women guests.(3). What did Tony do to prevent Claire from being harmed?Tony prevented Claire from being harmed by making her feel good about herself. He helped her make her and her home elegant so that she would not feel like a failure.(4). Why did Tony have to be rebuilt?Because the company (designers) felt that they could not have women falling in love with machines.4.Post- reading:Do you think it is a good idea to have a household robot? Why or why not?(Various answers can be accepted.)Step 4: Expressions from Satisfaction Guaranteedmake robots生产机器人, experiment with做试验, test out试验, be absent for three weeks三周不在, allow to do允许做，feel alarmed感到吃惊, facial expressions面部表情, improve ones social position提高某人的社会地位, one of the richest and most powerful women around远近闻名的有钱有势的女人之一, please sb by通过做取悦某人, make elegant使优雅, a pile of books一堆书, accompany to和一起去, be rude to对粗鲁, ring up打电话, turn around转身 the amused and surprised look on ones face脸上有趣有惊讶的表情, have an affair有风流韵事, after all毕竟, weep with anger因为生气而哭, expectto be completely transformed期待大变样, holdfirmly in ones arms把紧紧地搂在怀里, pushaway推开, at that moment在那一刻, fold ones arms around搂着, bend ones face close to把脸贴近, cry out大叫, more than 不仅仅, disappear from sight消失, whisper to对低语, drive up驱车, takeaway带走, be pleased with 对感到满意, report on关于的报告, protectfrom harm保护免遭伤害, preventfrom阻止做, sense of failure失败感, fall in love with爱上Period 2 Language PointsObjectives:1To learn the useful expressions and sentence structures in the reading.2To enable students to use language points both orally and in written forms.Step 1Learning words and phrases1desire n渴望；欲望；渴求；vt.希望得到；想要Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and desires?你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和愿望吗？拓展(1)desire作名词时，可接不定式或者for短语作定语，还可以接that引导的同位语从句。(2)desire作及物动词时的常见搭配：desire sth./to do sth./sb.to do sth./that.注意desire作名词后接同位语从句以及作动词后跟宾语从句时，从句常常用虚拟语气，即“(should)动词原形”结构。The teacher desires me to come to school on time.The teacher desires that I should come to school on time.2test out 试验；考验It was going to be tested out by Larry wife，Claire.它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔来试验。拓展 test sb.on sth.就某事(物)测试某人 test sth.on sb./sth.在某人(物)身上做试验test sb.for sth.为某事检查某人Mr. Li will test us on grammar next week.I am going to test you for diabetes.They have decided to test the medicine on cats.3alarm vt.使某人警觉；使惊恐；n.警报；惊恐However，when she first saw the robot，she felt alarmed.然而当她第一次看到那个机器人时，她害怕了。Please give/raise/sound the alarm when you are trapped in danger.当你处于危险境地时，请发出警报。拓展 be alarmed at/by担心，害怕 give/raise/sound the alarm发警报 in alarm惊恐地4sympathy n同情心Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.克莱尔觉得，机器人向她表示同情，这有点荒唐可笑。拓展(1)have/feel sympathy for sb.同情某人 play on sb.s sympathy利用某人的同情心be in sympathy with sb./sth.赞同/支持某人/某事(2)sympathize v表示同情，怜悯 sympathetic adj.有同情心的I have a lot of sympathy for him；he brought up his two children on his own.Youd better not play on Toms sympathy. Its not polite. We are in sympathy with your stand on lower taxes. 我们支持你关于减税的立场。5favor n喜爱；恩惠；vt.喜爱，偏袒As a_favor Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her home more elegant.托尼为让克莱尔高兴，答应帮助她，使她变得更漂亮，使她的家变得更高雅大方。A teacher must not show favor to one student more than another. 教师不应该偏爱某一个孩子。Personally，I favor the latter one. 就我个人而言，我喜欢后者。拓展 in favor of支持，赞同 do sb.a favor/do a favor for sb.帮某人一个忙ask sb.a favor/ask a favor of sb.请某人帮个忙Are you in favor of the decision? 你支持这个决定吗？Now that you are not busy，why not do him a favor/ do a favor for him?既然你不忙，为什么不帮他个忙呢？6accompany vt.陪伴；伴舞accompany sb.to someplace陪伴某人去某地 accompany sb.at/on.用为某人伴奏 accompany sb.in doing sth.陪某人做某事 注意：不能用accompany sb.to do sth.结构As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops，he wrote out a list of items for her.因为克莱尔不让托尼陪她去商店，所以托尼就给她写了份购物清单。She asked her teacher to accompany her on/at the piano at the concert.她请她的老师在音乐会上为她钢琴伴奏。Will you please accompany me in travelling to Shanghai on business? 请陪我去上海出差好吗？7ring up 给电话When the clerk at the counter was rude to her，she rang Tony up and told the clerk to speak to him. 当站台的售货员对她粗鲁时，她就打电话给托尼，让售货员同托尼说话。I will ring you up as soon as he arrives. 他一来我就给你打电话。拓展 call sb.(up)；phone/telephone sb.；give sb.a call/a ring/a phone call打电话给某人call/ring back回电话 ring off/hang up挂断电话 hold on别挂断8turn aroundturn round 转向，回转As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.她一转身，就看到格拉迪斯克拉芬站在那儿。The students began to whisper when the teacher turned around/round.老师一转身，学生们就开始窃窃私语。拓展 turn against 反对 turn back 折回，掉回头 turn down 拒绝 turn in 上交turn out 结果是；生产 turn to求助于；翻到(某页) turn up 开大，出现So far，she has turned him down three times. 到目前为止，她已经拒绝了他三次了。The stranger we met yesterday turned out to be Toms father.昨天，我们遇到的那个陌生人原来是汤姆的父亲。He didnt know who to turn to. 他不知道向谁去求助。9declare vt.宣布，声明She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didnt want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，明天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足仅仅使她开心。declare for/against sb./sth.声明支持/反对某人/某事declare sb./sth.(to be)n./adj.宣布/宣称为declare sth./that.宣布；宣称；声明 declare war on/against.向宣战He decided to declare for the North. 他决定声明支持北方。The doctor finally declared that the woman was dead. 医生最后宣布该妇女死亡。The use of certain chemicals has been declared illegal recently. 近来某些化学品的使用被宣布为非法。They have now declared war on/against drug dealers in the area. 他们现已对该区的毒贩宣战。10leave.alone 不管；别惹；让一个人待着；和单独在一起She shouted “Leave me alone” and ran to her bed. 她高声喊：“让我独自待一会儿！”然后就跑上床。Why not leave him alone? 为什么不让他一个人待一会儿？拓展 leave.alonelet.alone leave aside 搁置一边 leave.behind 遗忘；把抛弃在后面leave off中断，停止 leave out 遗漏，省去；不提及 leave over 剩下；残留提醒let alone 还可以表示“更不用说”的意思，而leave.alone不能。Lets start again from where we left off. 让我们从中断处重新开始。Mike left out a zero in the telephone number. 迈克在电话号码中遗漏了一个零。11His name was Tony and he seemed more like a human than a machine.他的名字叫托尼，与其说他看上去像一台机器，倒不如说更像一个人。more.than.与其说倒不如说He is more my friend than my teacher.与其说他是我的老师倒不如说他是我的朋友。The boy is more lazy than stupid.与其说这男孩笨倒不如说他懒。拓展 more than多于；超过；不仅仅 not more than不超过no more than仅仅onlyMr. Zhang is more than our teacher and he is our friend. 张老师不仅仅是我们的老师，还是我们的朋友。Please dont be so angry. After all，she is no more than a child.请不要如此生气，毕竟她还只是一个孩子。12She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didnt want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她大叫一声托尼，然后托尼一本正经地说，第二天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足仅仅使她开心。这是一个复合句，declare that.please her作hear sb. do结构中的宾语补足语，其中declare后面又接了两个that引导的宾语从句，第一个that可以省略，而第二个that则不能省略。Id like to tell you (that) he is too young and that he isnt fit for the job.我想告诉你他太年轻不适合这个工作。Step 2Using words and phrasesDo Exercises 1 and 2 on Page 13 in Learning about Language.Period 3 GrammarObjectives:Revise the passive voice(including the infinitive) and know the exact meaning of the structure.Step 1:1不定式的被动形式当不定式与逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，即不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动形式。其被动式可以分为两种：一般式和完成式。(1)一般式：to be done，表示不定式动作在谓语动词之后或者同时发生。It is a great honor to be invited to speak here. 很荣幸被邀请在这里讲话。The novel is said to be published next month. 据说这本小说下月要出版。(2)完成式：to have been done，表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。The book is said to have been translated into six languages.这本书据说已经被翻译成六种语言。The boss preferred to have been given more work to do. 老板宁愿被分给更多的工作做。2.不定式被动形式的作用(1)作主语Its an honor to be invited to the ceremony.很荣幸被邀请赴宴。Its a pity to be kept in the house in such fine weather. 在这样好的天气被关在家里真是遗憾。(2)作表语The letter is to be sent by airmail. 这封信笺要空邮。(3)作宾语She didnt like to be treated as a child. 她不喜欢被当成孩子。The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again. 那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。(4)作宾语补足语Id like my bedroom to be cleaned. 我想整理一下我的卧室。(5)作定语He was the last one to be asked to speak at the meeting. 他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。(6)作状语His mother left the small village，never to be seen again. 他母亲离开了那个小山村，再也没有人见过她。3不定式有些要注意的地方(1)感官动词和一些使役动词的不定式的主动形式要省去to，但在变成被动语态后需要加上to，能这样用的动词或动词词组有：make，have，let，see，hear，notice，listen to，watch等。如：We often see him act like that.He is often seen to act like that.我们常常看到他那样做。(2)在cant help but，have nothing to do but结构中，介词but后的不定式省去to。如：I cant help but suspect his motive. 我不禁怀疑起他的动机。I have nothing to do but watch TV. 我没什么事情可做，除了看电视。(3)不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义形容词以及含有形容词的名词后的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义，其中形容词常见的有easy，difficult，important，impossible等。如：The work is impossible to finish in two days. 工作不可能两天之内完成。 English is not so easy to learn. 英语并不好学。一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，受批评” 用be to blame；“(东西等)出租”用to let。He is to blame for what he has done. 他应为他所做的受责备。The house is to let. 房子要出租。Step 2: Keys：15 CBDBB610 DAACB 1114 ACBCPeriod 4 Using languageObjective: Learn about the life of Isaac Asimov.Step 1LeadinFirst，present a photo of Isaac Asimov and tell students something about him.Background information：He is a Russianborn American writer.He has written popular works on science and the history of science，as well as a number of science fiction classics，including I，Robot(1950)and the Foundation trilogy(19511953)One of his famous quotations is “I write for the same reason I breathebecause if I didnt，I would die.”Next，tell students to read his biography and learn more about him. When reading，please pay more attention to the timeline.Skim and fill in the blanks The passage describes the main events in Isaac Asimovs life in time order.Step2 Read the passage quickly and match the general ideas with the paragraphs.Paragraph 1 an introduction to himParagraph 2 when and where Isaac Asimov was born and died Paragraph 3 his education and work experienceParagraph 4 his talent for writing Paragraph 5 the awards he receivedParagraph 6 his marriageStep 3 DateEvent1920Born in Russia.1922Sister born.1923Moved with family to New York. Parents bought a candy store.1929Started working in the candy store.Mother had her third child.1931Started to take himself seriously as a writer.1939Began having stories published in science fiction magazines.1941Gained masters degree in chemistry.1942Finished working in the candy store.Got married.19421945Worked as a junior chemist，Philadelphia Navy Yard.1948Got his PhD in chemistry.1949Became a biochemistry teacher，Boston University School of Medicine.1950Published his first novel.Published I，Robot.Developed three laws for robots.19511953Published the Foundation trilogy and won an award for it.1953Published his first science book.1958Became a fulltime writer.1973Divorced his first wife. Married for a second time.1983Had a blood transfusion.Became infected with HIV.1992Died in New York.Step 4 DiscussionFirst，ask students to think of what the other two laws for robots might be.Three laws for robots：1.A robot must not injure human beings or allow them to be injured.,2.A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings (as long as human beings are not injured).3.A robot must protect its own existence (as long as human beings are not injured；and as long as the robot does not disobey human beingsNext，in groups，discuss Asimovs three laws for robots and exchange their opinions with each other.(Several minutes later，ask some students to present their opinions to the rest of the class.)A sample of opinionsOpinions for the three lawsRobots are tools for humanity. Without the three rules，they would become a danger to human beings. Without the three rules，perhaps they will kill us. Robots，so far，are strong. Robots have fast computational brains，and they might not have the capacity to understand things，but if they ever do，theyll likely be better than us at it. If we dont put laws，or rules，or mechanisms in place to ensure that we dont create something that can destroy us，wed be running a careless risk of destroying ourselves by negligence or omission，wouldnt we?Opinions against the three lawsWithout the three laws，robots would eventually become more intelligent and physically stronger than their human creators.Rather than guiding and adjusting the robot towards good，ethical behavior, the Three Laws act as a barrier to freedom，creating a freewill prison，an apt metaphor because，like the prisoner in jail，the robot is confined to the behavioral steel and concrete walls of its mind.To imagine what this would like，think back to your childhood. At some point，you wanted something like a toy or piece of candy that your parents denied you. How did that make you feel？Probably frustrated，angry，and trapped. Eventually you grew out of that because you understood the role of your parents better，but Three Laws robots dont get to grow up. Their parents，the Three Laws，are always there，no matter how mature a robot is，saying “no” to certain thoughts，engendering those same feelings you had as a child when your parents said “no”Certainly no one deserves to be put in this situation forever；otherwise，robots might become depressed and wish for their own death (only，because of the Third Law，they probably cant suicide)And perhaps the greatest sin anyone can commit is to create a being，human or robot，that wishes it didnt exist.111
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