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111GRAMMAR小词大用说it (一)讲一讲 代词it虽小，却应用广泛，在英语中几乎处处都能见到它。it的用法及其句型和固定搭配，是英语语法的重点，也是近几年考试的热点，因此同学们在学习时应给予足够的重视。现在我们将it的用法归纳如下：1 用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。如:The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago.2 用以代替指示代词this, that。如: Whose watch is that? Its mine.3 起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。如:Who is knocking at the door? Its me.4 指环境、情况等。如: It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment.5 指时间、季节等。如: What time is it? Its eight oclock.6 指距离。如: It is only five miles from here to the hospital.7 指自然现象（天气、气候、明暗等）。如: Its getting cold (dark, late, etc.).8. 作形式主语。 it替代作主语的动词不定式的常见句型为：It is + 形容词(+ of / for sb.) + to do sth.。 如：It is brave of her to go home alone at night. It is important for us to learn English well. it替代作主语的动词-ing形式的常见句型为：It is no use / good + doing sth. Its (well) worth doing sth.。 如：Its no use talking to him about it. it替代作主语的从句的常见句型为：（1）It is + 名词 + 从句。 It is no wonder / a pity / a shame + that . (难怪/真可惜/真可耻)。如：It is no wonder that she was so angry.（2）It is + 形容词 + 从句。 如：It is natural that he （should） say so.（3）It is + 过去分词 + that .，能用于这个句型的动词有say, report, think, believe, hope, expect等。如：It is reported that the road was closed.9. 作形式宾语。 it替代作宾语的动词不定式的常见形式为：动词+ it +形容词/名词+动词不定式。如：I found it possible to do this regularly. it替代作宾语的动词-ing 形式的常见形式为：动词+ it +形容词/名词+动词-ing形式。如：She thought it no good worrying about him. it替代作宾语的从句的常见形式为：动词+ it +形容词/名词+从句。如：He has got to make it clear that his family is very poor. 在某些特殊句式中，it 指代when从句或者if从句。如：I dont like it when people talk with the mouth full of food.Id appreciate it if you can help me to solve this problem.【高考链接】从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. We feel _ our duty to make our country a better place.A. it B. this C. that D. one （天津2011）2. The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other. A. it B. them C. her D. that （山东2011）3. The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase _.A. them B. those C. it D. that （北京2011）4. The doctor thought _ would be good for you to have a holiday. A. this B. that C. one D. it（2010大纲全国卷II）5. He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller. When was _? _ was in 2000 when he was still in college.A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It （浙江2007）6. Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. that B. it C. this D. you （山东2006）7. If I can help _, I dont like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them （2006全国卷I）Key: 【高考链接】1-4 AACD 5-7 DBC111
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