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111Book 5 Unit2 The United Kingdom 预习学案一 ：目标聚焦：1. 了解、认识英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰。2. 学习过去分词作宾语补足语的句型。3. 了解伦敦的一些著名景观。4. 掌握与人交流语言理解有困难时请求别人重述的几种表达方式。二：走近课文：work in pairs. Do this quiz and find out how much you know about the United Kingdom.1. How many countries does the UK consist of?A. two B. three C. four2. How long does it take to fly from Beijing to London Heathrow Airport? A. about six hours B. about ten hours C. about sixteen hours3. Who rules the UK : the Prime Minister or the Queen? A. The Queen B. the Prime Minister C. both4. What are the provinces called in England? A. countries B. departments C. states5. Which is the longest river in England? A. the River Avon B. the River Thames C. the River Severn三：Divide the passage into three parts and write down the main idea of each part. Part1:_Part2:_Part3:_四：句式点击1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.find Wales included属于“find +宾语+宾语补足语”结构，included为过去分词作宾语补足语。find在该结构中表示“发现，觉得，发现处于某种状态”。find后的宾语补足语通常由以下几种形式充当：1） find +宾语+介词短语 Suddenly I found my mother at the age of the river.2） find +宾语+形容词 Li Ming found himself wet when he arrived home.3） find +宾语+现在分词 Tom found the girl walking in the direction of the small village.4） find +宾语+过去分词 Then I found the hero surrounded by a group of soldiers.5） find +宾语+名词 I find him the man who saved me.2. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations ), but they still have very different institutions. 句中的do用来强调谓语动词，后面所接的动词原形并不局限于行为动词，还可使用be动词。do的这种用法只用于肯定句中，且do有人称和时态的变化，只用于现在时和过去时两种时态。 I do hope you have a merry Christmas. He did go to the airport yesterday , but he didnt find you.3. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. 句中的should 表示意外或惊讶。 Its strange that their team should win the first prize. should 的其他用法：1） should 可表示“义务，应该”。用于should do或should have done结构中,其中should have dong意为“本来应该已经却；要是已经就好了”I should been kinder to him.2） should 用来表示命令、提议、愿望等的that从句中，意为“应该；必须”She demanded that they should leave at once.3） should 与疑问词连用，表示意外、惊讶、纳闷等，意为“究竟是；到底”I dont understand why she should have made such a mistake.五 语法分析： 过去分词作宾语补足语 在英语中，过去分词可以用作宾语补足语。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或王城意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。本文对常见几种用法进行分析： 解释例子过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep,leave等的后面They kept the door locked for a long time.Dont leave the windows broken like this all the time.Have+宾语+过去分词表示两种含义1) 表示让某人做某事I have my bike repaired.2) 表示遭遇到不幸；受打击My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.在make+宾语+过去分词这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须表示结果I raised my voice to make my self heard.They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English.过去分词常用在感官动词watch ,see, hear ,listen to ,notice, feel, find等的后面When we got to school , we saw the door locked.We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.过去分词用在want, wish, expect, like, order等表示“希望，愿望，命令”这一类动词的后面做宾语补足语。 The teacher wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.I want the suit made to his own measure.过去分词用在with+宾语+宾补这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building , his house looks like a beautiful garden. 六 知识详解 1. consist vi. 组成；一致 consist of 由组成 His job consists of helping old people who live alone. consist in 存在于;在于 consist with 与一致，与相符2. divide vt. 划分；把整体分成若干部分 divide 与separate 区别 ： divide 暗示通过切开、劈开或分割形成几部分或几份，经常用来指分离成相对的或敌对的组。 separate 意指“使分开；使分离；分手”指把原来结合在一起的或混杂的东西分开，被分开的东西没有任何的统一性。 de divided into被分为 be separated from与分离3. convenience n. 1）【u】适合；方便 I kept my reference book near my desk for convenience. 2) c便利的事物；便利的设施 Gas is one of the modern conveniences the newly-built apartment building provide. at ones convenience 在方便时 for ones convenience= for the convenience of sb. 为了某人方便 4. refer to 1) 提到；谈及 We agree never to refer to the matter again. 2) 查阅 Complete the exercise without referring to a dictionary. 3) 指的是 Who does the pronoun in the third sentence refer to? 4) 把称作 The speaker referred to him as an up-and-coming politician.5. break away 1) 逃走；逃脱 The robber broke away from the prison. 2) 断裂；开裂 A large piece of ice broke away from the main block. break down （机器、车辆等）坏了；（计划、谈判等）失败；（身体）垮掉 break in 强行进入；非法进入；突然进来 break into 强行进入；非法进入；破门而入 break off 突然停止；中断（谈判）；断绝（关系） break out 爆发；突然发生（争吵；疾病） break up 分开；分散；拆散6. arrange vt.&vi. 1) 排列；整理 In a dictionary the words are arranged in alphabetical order. 2）安排；准备 We have arranged a party. 3）商定 I arranged with her to meet at 8 oclock. arrangement n. 整理；布置；排列 arrange for 安排；准备 I have arranged for a car to pick them up at the station. 7. fold v.1) 折叠；迭起2）交叉；交叠3）包Fold a piece of paper round the flowers.4）可折叠 fold up 折叠；折起foldin sh. 把包在某物里fold ones arms/hands 交臂、交手unfold v.展开；摊开；打开；展现；呈现8. available adj. 1) (指物) 可用的，可得到的 There is water available at the hut. 2）（指人）可会见的；可与之交谈的 The doctor is available now.9. fancy adj. vt. &n. 1) adj. 奇特的；花样的；花哨的 I dont like making a fancy meal. 2）vt想象；假象fancy +从句 想象fancy (ones) doing sth. 想象做fancy sb. to be 想象某人fancy sb. as 想象某人为 3) n. 幻想，幻想出的东西10. occasion n. 机会，时机；（某事发生的）时刻，时节 on that/this occasion 那时、这时 表达“有时”得表达： on occasion at times from time to time now and then once in a while111
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