分词作状语.pp张道云.ppt

,分词作状语,职教基本版第三册unit10,修水职业中专综合部张道云,2011年12月18日,一现在分词作状语分词和主语之间是主动的关系,分词作状语有两种情况:,一。现在分词作状语分词和主语之间是主动关系,二。过去分词作状语分词和主语之间是被动关系,现在在分词作状语：可以表示条件、时间、原因、方式、伴随、结果、让步等，相当于一个状语从句,1.表条件，相当于条件状语从句,aWorkinghard,youwillsucceed.=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.努力工作，你就会成功。bStandingonthebuilding,youcanseethewholecity.=Ifyoustandonthebuilding,youcanseethewholecity.站在那座楼上，你会看到整个城市。,2.表时间，相当于时间状语从句,aWalkingalongthestreetoneday,shasawalittlegirlrunninguptoher.(=whenshewaswalkingalongthestreetoneday.)有一天当她正沿着大街向前走时，她看见一个小女孩朝她跑了过来。,bWhilecrossingthestreet,youmustbecareful.当你横过马路时，一定要小心。(=whileyoucrossthestreet.),现在分词（短语）强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，前面可带when，while，after，before，since等从属连词。如：aWhenvisitingastrangecity，Iliketohaveaguide-bookwithme.游览陌生城市时，我喜欢随身带着导游手册。bWhileflyingovertheChannel，thepilotsawwhathethoughttobeameteorite.飞过英吉利海峡时，驾驶员认为他看见了一颗陨星。,3.表原因，相当于原因状语从句,aHavingnoplacetogoto,themanwanderedaboutinthestreet.=Becausehehadnoplacetogo,themanwanderedaboutinthestreet.由于没有要去的地方，那个男人只好在街上徘徊。,bBeingill,hedidntgotoschoolyesterday.他由于病了，昨天就没有去上学。?(=Becausehewasill)cLivinginthecountry，wehadfewsocialengagements.(=Becausewewerelivinginthecountry)我们住在乡村，交际的机会很少。,4。表方式，相当于方式状语从句,aMarystoodattheschoolgatewatingforBetty.=MarystoodattheschoolgateandwaitedforBetty玛丽站在校门口等贝蒂。,.bShelookedoutofthewindow，asthoughthinking=Shelookedoutofthewindow,asthoughshewasthinking.她向窗外望去，似乎在思考。,5.表伴随状语，相当于and连接的并列句,aHiswifecameintothehousecarryingabundleofclothes=Hiswifecameintothehouseandcarriedaboudleofclothes.他妻子拿着一包衣服走进屋内。bRaymondenteredcollegeattheageofeighteen，graduatingfouryearslaterattheheadofhisclass.=Raymondenteredcollegeattheageofeighteenandgraduatedattheheadofhisclass.雷蒙德18岁上大学，4年之后毕业时名列前茅。,6.表结果状语，相当于and连接的并列句,aJanefelloffthebike，cuttingherleg=Janefelloffthebike,andcutherleg.简从自行车上摔下，划破了腿。Itrainedheavily，causingbbseverefloodinginthatcountry.=Itrainedheavilyandcausedseverefloodinginthecountry.大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。,7.表让步状语，相当于让步状语从句,aAlthoughlivingmilesaway，hegotaroundtovisitingher.=Aloughhelivedmilesaway,hegotaroundtovisitingher.尽管住在几英里以外，他还是去看她了。bWhilenotbeingoptimistic，Ihavenotgivenupallhope.=WhileIamnotoptimistic,Ihavenotgivenupallhope.虽然不乐观，但是我还没有放弃一切希望。,过去分词作状语，表示被动或完成，分词和句子主语之间是被动关系或表示动作已完成,一、过去分词作状语时的功能及位置,1.过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的；过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。如：,Althoughbuiltthirtyyearsago,thehouselooksverybeautiful.尽管这座房子是30年前被建造的，它看起来依然很漂亮。,.过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。如：Givenmoretime,hecandoitbetter.如果他被给予更多的时间，他就能把它做得更好。,二、与状语从句的转换,过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when,while或after等引导的时间状语从句如：Seenfromthetopofthehill,theparklooksmorebeautiful.Whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill,theparklooksmorebeautiful.从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。,2.作条件状语，可转换为if,once或unless等引导的状语从句。如；United，wewillstand;divided，wewillfail.Ifweareunited,wewillstand;ifwearedivided,wewillfail.团结就是胜利；分裂必然失败。,3.作原因状语，可转换为as,since或because等引导的状语从句。如：Encouragedbytheprogresshehasmade,heworksharder.Asheisencouragedbytheprogresshehasmade,heworksharder.由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。,4.作让步状语，可转换为although,though或evenif等引导的状语从句。如：Althoughexhaustedbytheclimb,wecontinuedourjourney.Althoughwewereexhaustedbytheclimb,wecontinuedourjourney.我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。,.,5.作方式状语，如有连词asif，就转换为asif引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。如：Hebegantocryasifbittenbyasnake.Hebegantocryasifhewasbittenbyasnake.他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。,6.作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。如：AuntWucamein,followedbyherdaughter.AuntWucamein,and(she)wasfollowedbyherdaughter.吴大娘走进来，（她）后面跟着她的女儿。,()1._moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.(90全国)A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven.()2.Thecomputercenter,_lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool(93全国)A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened()3.Thefirsttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.(94全国)A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written,分词作状语练习题,()4._isthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(96全国)A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose,(),()5_time,hellmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.(2003北京春)HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given,()6Nomatterhowfrequently_,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.(2006广东卷)A.performedB.performingC.tobeperformedD.beingperformed,()7Dontsitthere_nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.(2006湖北卷)doB.todoC.doingD.anddoing()8Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,_meafullbasketoffreshfruits.(2006安徽卷)A.broughtB.bringingC.tobringD.hadbrought()9Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,always_thesamething.(2006江苏卷)A.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaid,()10Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs,_thatallchildrenlikethesethings.(2006全国卷)A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought,11.Thisnewcellphone,ifcarefully,willworkforatleastfiveyears.A.useB.usingC.touseD.used12.tomakeaspeechonhowtolearnEnglish,theboysaidhewouldbeverygladto.A.WhenaskedB.WhenaskingC.TobeaskedD.Whenhewasasking13.When,theparkinglotwillbethelargestoneinthecity.A.tocompleteB.completedC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted14.anotherchance,IamsurethatIlldothejobmuchbetter.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given15.fromthetallestbuilding,thepeopleandthecarsonthestreetlookverysmall.A.SeeingB.SeenC.SawD.Tosee16.indeepthought,hisheadhitagainstatree.A.LostB.ToloseC.LosingD.Whenlosing,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.(tell)thathismotherwasill,LiMinghurriedhomequickly.2.(satisfy)withwhathedid,theteacherpraisedhiminfrontofhisclassmates.3.(give)afewminutes,Illfinishtheexperiment.4.(compare)withSusan,youstillhavealongwaytogo.,1,_,Istretchedmyhandoutforit.A.IsawthebookIwantedontheshellB.ThebookIwantedwasontheshellC.SeeingthebooklyingacrossthedeskD.Lyingonthedesk,2：_weight,thedoctorhaswarnedmetokeepoffsugar.A.ImputtingonB.HavingputonC.AsImgainingD.Togain,