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PassiveVoice被动语态,英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。,被动语态结构：,主+be+过去分词(PP)+(by),在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。,Somepeopleattackedthetowers.SVOThetowerswereattackedbysomepeople.SV,一构成主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。1.一般的现在时被动语态：am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词，（be是助动词）e.g:Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Germanisnttaughtinourschool.IsFrenchstudiedinyourschool?,2.过去时的被动语态：was/were+及物动词的过去分词e.g:Thesenewhouseswerebuiltin2000.MybikewasntmadeinShanghai.WasthiskindofmachinemadeinShenzhen?注意：被动语态中be的形式是由主语决定的,3.情态动词的被语态：must/can/may/should+be+动词的过去分词e.g:Thecarmustntbestoppedhere.Canthischairbetakenoutoftheroom?Thisjobmustbefinishedontime.,表格：被动态基本结构,am/is/aredone,was/weredone,am/is/arebeingdone,was/werebeingdone,shall/will/begoingtobedone,wouldbedone,have/hasbeendone,hadbeendone,二被动语态的几种类型：1主动句中有一个宾语的被动语态Hesawherintheshopyesterday.Shewasseenintheshopyesterday.2主动句中有二个宾语的被动语态Jimgavemeabook.IwasgivenabookbyJim.AbookwasgiventomebyJim.,3主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态Mothertoldmenottobelate.Iwastoldnottobelatebymother.Isawmotherplantingflowersinthegarden.Motherwasseenplantingflowersinthegarden.Theymadehimwork12hoursaday.Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.,4短语动词的被动语态Icantakegoodcareofthebaby.Thebabycanbetakengoodcareof.,三被动语态的注意事项1“主语+系动词+表语”的句子没有被动语态2therebe句型没有被动语态3主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态4主动句的谓语动词是不及物动词的没有被动语态，但与介词搭配后，则有:Thenurselookedafterhimcarefully.Thebabywaslookedafterbythenursecarefully.,Practice:1MustIpayforitatonce?_it_atonce?2Wewillbuildanewlab.Anewlab_.3Theyarentstoppingthetrafficnow.Thetraffic_now.4Howlonghaveyoukeptthebook?Howlong_thebook_?,Must,been,paid,for,will,be,built,isnt,been,stopping,has,been,kept,5Ifyourhomework_(do)well,youmaygotoplay.6Mr.Greenwasseen_(grow)trees.7Theblackboardwas_(look)carefullybythestudents.8Theshipmodel_be_(make)intwodays.,isdone,togrow,lookedat,will,made,Oralpractice-主动句改被动句,Oralpractice-1.Changeeachsentenceintopassivevoice:Acarknockedhimdownyesterday.TwodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteamWhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree,HewasknockeddownbyacaryesterdayThemedicalteamismadeupofbytwoAfallentreewasbeingcutup,whenIgotthere.,4)WellputontheplaynextSunday5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear,TheplaywillbeputonnextSundayAnewteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltbyworkersinourschoolTherailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear,7)Weshouldprotecttheearth8)Youneedtopaintthewall,TheearthshouldbeprotectedThewallneedstobepainted,几种特殊结构1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday2.Weoftenhearhimplayguitar,IwasgivenagiftonmybirthdayAgiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.Heisoftenheardtoplayguitar注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。,Weshouldtakecareoftheoldpeople.Theoldpeopleshouldbetakencareof.,1。动词(表示主语的属性特征)+副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。,read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,Thebooks_wellA.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth_easilyA.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashed,B,C,主动式表被动义,2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。,difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,Thefishisnotfit_(eat)WefindEnglishishard_(learn)Thearticleisdifficult_(understand).,toeat,tolearn,tounderstand,3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。,Ihavealotofhomework_(do)Illgivehimsomebooks_(read),todo,toread,表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。,4表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,.)Thesteelfeelscold,5表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,.)Theshopopensat6am.everyday,表示主语的属性特征的动词+副词well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义,6.作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。Yourjacketneedswashing/tobewashed,Quiz1,Quiz11.Thesteel_coldA.isfeltB.wasfeelingC.feelsD.isbeingfelt2.Hisplan_goodA.hassoundedB.issoundingC.issoundedD.sounds,C,D,Quiz2,Quiz2Theshop_at6am.everydayA.opensB.openedC.isopenedD.isopeningWork_at7pm.todayA.endsB.endedC.wasendedD.hadended,A,B,Thepen_smoothlyA.waswroteB.writesC.haswritingD.iswrittenThiscoat_easilyA.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashed,Quiz3,B,C,Yourjacketneeds_(wash)Thehouserequires_(repair),Quiz4,washing,repairing,Thefishisnotfit_(eat)WefindEnglishdifficult_(learn),Quiz5,toeat,tolearn,Ihavemuchhomework_(do)Illgivetheboysomebooks_(read),Quiz6,todo,toread,Correctingmistake,2.Correctthemistake(s)ineachsentenceifany:1)Twoboyshurtwhileplayingaball2)ThesingerlivedinLondonuntilhewassendingtouniversity3)Howlongdoyouthinkthemeetingwillbelasted?,wassent,willlast,werehurt,4)Afirewasbrokenoutlastnight5)Hehadtotravelbybusashiscarwasdamagedinanaccidentafewdaysbefore6)Thelargebuildingthatisnowbuiltwillbeahospital,hadbeendamaged,isnowbeingbuilt,brokeout,7)Classisbegunat7:30everyday8)Hisplanissoundedgood9)Yourcoatneedsbeingwashed,begins,sounds,tobewashed/washing,1.Anexhibitionofpaintings_atthemuseumnextweekAaretobeheldB.istobeheldC.areholdingDwillhold,Multiplechoice,B,2.Imsorry,sirYourrecorderisntreadyyetIt_inthefactoryisbeingrepairedisrepairedhasbeenrepairedhasntbeenrepaired,A,3Everypossiblemeans_,butnone_successfulA.hastried;hasprovedBtried;provesC.hasbeentried;provesD.isbeingtried;isproved,C,4Thequestionheaskedishard_A.foranswerB.toanswerCtobeansweredD.answering,B,5Inwarmweather,fruitandmeat_longcannotbekeptdontkeepmustntkeepisnotkept,A,6Hereceivedatelegram_:“Motherill”AwrittenB.readingC.saidD.writing,B,7.-Didyouhandhimtheletteryesterday?-No,I_tohimbroughtittookithaditsentcarriedit,C,8Alicehadadress_lastweekAmadeB.makeC.tobemadeD.tomake,A,9Theteachercouldntmakehim_attentiontobecausethestudentsweresonoisy.paypaidtopaytobepaid,B,10.-Whenwillthelecturebegin?-Whenthestudents_AhavesatBsatdownCwillsitDareseated,D,
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