高中语法-被动语态.ppt

被动语态,高中,语态(voice)是个语法范畴，它是一种动词形式，表示动词的主语与该动词所表示的动作之间的主动和被动关系。当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态（ActiveVoice）；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词便用被动语态（PassiveVoice）。,Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.（主动语态）Theclassroomwascleanedbyusyesterday.（被动语态）,被动语态的结构,各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）,Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.,Mybikewasstolenlastnight.,WhenwasthebookintroducedtoChina?,Aspeechwillbegiventhisafternoon.,Ithoughtthousandsofpeoplewouldbehelped.,Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.Abusisbeingpushedbythepassengers.Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedbynow.Thebookhasbeenreadmanytimesbyme.Severalsoldiershavealreadybeenkilledintheconflict.,各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）,Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.Shefoundthehousehadbeendestroyedbythestorm.Hehadbeentorturedbytheillnessformanyyearsbeforehedied.,各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）,其他结构含有情态动词的被动语态,结构：情态动词+be+过去分词；注意：其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be+过去分词”部分不变。如：Tablescanbemadeofstone.。Tablescouldbemadeofstoneatthattime.Cantablesbemadeofstone?,其他结构带不定式的被动语态,结构：tobedone1.Thesedebtswillhavetobepaid.2.Thosepeoplearesuretobedefeated,其他结构,结构：动词+介词/副词其他词:be+(副词）done+介词/副词其他词1.Thisquestionhasbeenmuchtalkedaboutrecently.2.Whatshouldbepaidattentiontotowriteacomposition?3.Hewasbroughtupbyhisuncle.4.Lotsofnewwordshavetobelookedup.5.Thechildrenarewelltakencareof.6.Heisoftenmadefunof.,（以下内容实用）三个高考热点词组,1.havesth./sb.doneWhereisthecoffeetable?Tomjusthaditmovedaway.2.makeoneselfdoneCanImakemyselfheard?3.get（宾语）doneHegotcaughtbythepoliceatlast.Youmightgethurt.Illgetthebikerepairedinnotime,固定句型,Itissaid/believed/hoped/supposed/reported/hoped/wellknown/suggestedthatsb./sth.=sb./sth.istodo注意：如果原来从句的谓语动作已经完成，不定式用完成式；如果从句的谓语动作是经常性动作或还没有完成，用不定式的一般式。ItissaidthatJamesisanexpertonDNA.=JamesissaidtobeanexpertonDNA.Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.=Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.,注意变形,使役动词make及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等宾补不带to，主补必带to。1.Hemademewaitthereforawholeday.Iwasmadetowaitthereforawholedaybyhim.3.Mymothersawacatwalkacrosstheroad.Acatwasseentowalkacrosstheroadbymymother.但是：Iheardhersingingnextdoor.Shewasheardsingingnextdoor.,高频考点动词的主动形式表示被动之意,1.某些连系动词，如：look,feel,smell，sound,prove等。Theflowersmellssweet.Mariaprovesverypatientandwarm-hearted.,2.表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的某些动词，虽然可以是及物动词，但这时用作不及物动词，如：lock,shut,close,open,move,read,write,sell,wash,clean,draw,cut,translate,burn,run,ride,begin,end,operate,drive等。Thesentencestranslatehard.Thedoorwontshut.,3.want,need,require+doing=tobedoneThecarneedsrepairing.Thecarneedstoberepaired.4.beworth+doingThebookisworthreading.5.“形容词不定式”。如：nice，easy，fit,hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant,interesting等。Thisproblemisdifficulttoworkout.Englishisimportanttolearn.6.在tooto结构中。Thisbookistooexpensive(forme)tobuy.,高频考点动词的主动形式表示被动之意,7.某些动词用在句型“主+谓+主补”时，如wear，blow，prove等。Thedoorblewopen.,高频考点动词的主动形式表示被动之意,不用被动,（一）系动词,如：look,sound,taste,smell,feelremain,seem。1.Inwarmweatherfruitandmeatdontkeeplong.2.Goodmedicinetastebittertothemouth.3.Muchremainstobedone.（二）度量衡，如：measure,weigh。1.Theroommeasures6by8.2.Thefishweighs2kilos.（三）动词，如：marry,happen，last,hold(盛、装)。1.Janemarriedjacklastmonth.2.Theauditoriacanhold1000audience.,不用被动,词组,如：takeplace,breakout,comeout,comeabout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout,belongto等1.TheAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeoutin1937anditlastedeightyears.2.Thegashasrunout.3.Thestoryturnedouttobetrue.4.Thebookwillcomeoutintwoweeks.,1.Weallknowthatice_.A.feelscoldlyB.isfeltcoldlyC.isfeelingcoldD.feelscold2.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_bythehour.A.paidB.payC.payingD.topay3.Thepipemadeofbamboocan_water.A.usedtocarryB.beusedtocarryingC.beusedtocarryD.beusedforcarry,4.Theclassroom_50feetlong.A.measuresB.ismeasuredC.hasD.haslength5.DoestheTVneed_now?A.tofixB.beingfixedC.torepairingD.tobefixed6._thattheycanpassthewrittenexamthistime.A.ThathopesB.ItishopedC.ItisbeinghopedD.Ithopes,