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专题十一名词性从句,怎么考在语法填空及短文改错中考查：名词性从句的句法功能及连接词，侧重考查what，that，whether，who，how的用法。怎么学在平时的学习中，不死背语法条目，而在语境中认真体会，在理解句法功能的基础上，关注关联词的基本用法。怎么解在理解上下文的基础上，弄清连接词在从句中所作的成分；思考其语法特征和语义特征，注意区分意义相近的关系词。,.体验考向单句语法填空1.(2016北京卷)Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork._youcandohelps.2.(2016北京卷)Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis_onecanbeentirelydust.3.(2015全国卷)Asnaturalarchitects，thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly_thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.,4.(2015湖南卷)Youneedtolearn_tosortthroughandfindtherelevantinformationforyourparticularproject.5.(2015安徽卷)Ashipinharborissafe，butthatsnot_shipsarebuiltfor.6.(2015北京卷)Itrulybelieve_beautycomesfromwithin.7.(2015北京卷)_weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.8.(2015江苏卷)_LiBai，agreatChinesepoet，wasbornisknowntothepublic，butsomewontacceptit.,答案1.whatever考查名词性从句。句意：你的支持对我们很重要，无论你们做什么都会有帮助。从句动词do需要宾语，且引导主语从句，故用whatever。2.that考查名词性从句。句意：雨季最令人愉快的事情是人可以完全免于尘埃。分析句子结构可知is后的表语从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，故选D。3.how考查宾语从句的引导词。howthicktheadobewallsneededtobe是宾语从句，作figuredout的宾语。how修饰形容词thick。4.how考查宾语从句的引导词。你需要学会如何分类。根据句意得知此处表示如何。,5.what考查名词性从句。句意：港口里的船是安全的，但是那不是建造船的目的。空格后的句子是表语从句，表语从句中for缺少宾语，故用what。6.that考查名词性从句。句意：我很相信美丽来自内心。从句部分主谓完整，不缺少任何句子成分，因此用that起连接作用，也可以省略。7.How考查名词性从句。句意：我们如何理解事情与我们的感受有很大关系。本句考查主语从句，根据逻辑意义应该表示方式，故用how。8.Where考查名词性从句。句意：中国伟大诗人李白的出生地大家都知道，但是一些人不接受。where引导主语从句。,.考点集训集训单句语法填空1.(2015福建卷)Iwonder_Maryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears.Byworkingouteveryday.2.(2015浙江卷)Ifyouswiminariverorlake，besuretoinvestigate_isbelowthewatersurface.Oftentherearerocksorbrancheshiddeninthewater.3.(2015湖南卷)Youhavetoknow_youregoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere.,4.(2015陕西卷)Readingherbiography，Iwaslostinadmirationfor_DorisLessinghadachievedinliterature.5.(2014重庆卷)IsittruethatMikerefusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?Yeah，butIhavenoidea_hedidit;thatsoneofhisfavoriteuniversities.6.(2014湖南卷)AsJohnLennononcesaid，lifeis_happenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.,7.(2014四川卷)Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid，“Thats_Iwasborn.”8.(2012江苏卷)Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon_themeetingwouldbepostponed.答案1.how2.what3.where4.what5.why6.what7.where8.that,集训用适当的连接词完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵，在语境中体会名词性从句连接词的用法。Iamgoingtotellyou_1_happenedinmyrestauranttoday.Thisafternoonapoorly-dressedgentlemancameintomyrestaurant.Nobodyknew_2_hewas.Wewondered_3_hewassohungry.Weweresurprisedthathefinishedtwoordersoffoodinaverylimitedtime.Wedoubted_4_themanwasabletopaythebill.Thegentlemanasked_5_wewouldmindwaitingforjustafewminutes.Thenwewereshockedtosee_6_hetookoutofanenvelopeamillionpoundbanknote.,IaskedMr.Clements_7_itwasgenuine.Mr.ClementssaiditwastruebecausetwoofthisamounthadbeenissuedbytheBankofEnglandthisyear.Hethought_8_thegentlemanshowedthemcouldntbeafake._9_agentlemanwithamillionpoundnotewasinragsandateinoursmallrestaurantwasabigpuzzletoallthepeoplethere.Ireallycouldntdescribe_10_excitedIwas.答案1.what2.who3.why4.whether/if5.whether/if6.that7.whether/if8.what9.Why10.how,知识胸有成竹,一、名词性从句的连接词that与what的区别,二、只能用whether不能用if的情况(1)在主语从句、表语从句、介词之后的宾语从句及同位语从句中；(2)后面直接跟动词不定式；(3)与ornot连用；(4)引导让步状语从句。,三、“疑问词ever”引导的名词性从句有“nomatter疑问词”引导的状语从句的区别(1)“疑问词ever”可以引导名词性从句，并在从句中充当一定的成分；(2)“疑问词ever”还可以引导让步状语从句；(3)“nomatter疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。,集训完成句子1.Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence_(leadto).现代科学已经给出充分的证据表明吸烟会导致许多疾病。2._(know)isthattheChinesegovernmenthassparednoefforttoprotectpeoplefromfakefood.众所周知，中国政府已不遗余力地保护人们免受假冒食品的毒害。,3.Hisfathergothimajobinabankbutsoonitbecomeclear_(befitfor).他的爸爸给他找了一份银行的工作，但是很快他不能胜任那种工作的事实就很清楚了。4.Awarmthoughtcametome_(help)onThanksgivingDay.我突然冒出一个温暖的想法是在感恩节帮妈妈洗脚。,5.Whenitcomestojobinterview，youreallydontknow_(perform)untilyouaretoldtoworkthere.谈到面试，你真的不知道你在面试中表现怎样，直到通知你去上班。答案1.thatsmokingcanleadtomanydiseases2.Whatisknowntousall3.thathewasnotfitforthatkindofwork4.thatImighthelpwashmymomsfeet5.howyouperformed,集训奔向高考阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Doyouhavesleepingproblems？Ifso，thenthesetipsmayhelpyoufallasleepfast.Setasidethethought_1_youhavetofallasleep.Themoreyouthinkofit，the_2_(hard)youwillfallasleep.,Thefoodsyoueatalsoplay_3_importantpart.Avoideatingordrinkingthingslikechocolates，coffee，teaandenergydrinks.Ifyouhaveto，thenhavetheminthemorningandneverintheafternoon，_4_(especial)beforegoingtobed.Donteattoomuchatnight.Afullstomachwillmakeitmoredifficultforyou_5_(fall)asleepbecauseyourbodyisworkingmoretimetodigestthefoodyouate.,Makea_6_(fix)timetogotobed.Forexample，by9oclockintheeveningyoushouldalreadybeinbed.Dothisevenifyourenotsleepyyet.Once_7_(follow)thisroutine，youwillgraduallyseethatyoufeel_8_(sleep)whenits9oclock.Makeyourroomcomfortableforsleeping.Youshouldalsotakenotethatthesleepingenvironmentalsoaffectsyoursleep.Itmustbeintheroom_9_itsnotnoisy.Otherwise，youwillfind_10_difficulttofallasleepagainafterwakingup.,答案1.that考查同位语从句。设空处引导同位语从句，对thought进行解释说明，所填词在从句中不作成分且语意完整，故用that。2.harder考查比较级。本句为“the比较级，the比较级”结构，故填harder。3.an考查冠词。playanimportantpart“起重要作用，扮演重要角色”。4.especially考查副词。修饰介词短语beforegoingtobed应用副词形式，故填especially。,5.tofall考查非谓语动词。在句型“makeitadj.(difficult，easyetc.)forsbtodosth”中，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式短语。6.fixed考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰time，故应用形容词形式。fixed“固定的，不变的”，符合语境。7.following考查现在分词。句意：一旦你开始这样做的话，就会逐渐发现自己在9点的时候就觉得困了。follow与逻辑主语you是主动关系，故应填现在分词following。,8.sleepy考查形容词。feel为系动词，后接形容词作表语。sleepy“困的”，符合语境。9.where考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词theroom，并在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。10.it考查代词it的用法。在句式结构“finditdifficulttodosth”中，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式短语。,
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