资源描述
走向高考英语,第一部分,微专题强化练,五阅读理解,第一部分,3词义猜测题,考向分析,考题引路,强化训练,2,3,1,Passage1(2015课标全国C)SalvadorDali(1904-1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings，sculptures，drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces，mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoLEnigmesansFinfrom1938，worksonpaper，objects，andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartistsshowmanqualities.,ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning，theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(无限)“Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge，contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseumtheatreinFigueras，”explainsthePompidouCentre.,Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid，Spain，andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg，Florida.立意与点拨：本文介绍了巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心正在展览最受欢迎的现代艺术家之一萨尔瓦多达利的艺术作品，并对此次展览的作品、展览的形式、展品的来源等进行了介绍。,1WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?AOptimistic.BProductive.CGenerous.DTraditional.答案：B推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句.withanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings，sculptures，drawingsandmore.可知，达利的作品数量很多，这和productive(多产的)相呼应，故选B项。,2WhatisDalisThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe?AOneofhismasterworks.BAsuccessfulscreenadaptation.CAnartisticcreationforthestage.DOneofthebestTVprogrammes.答案：A细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces，mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.可知，记忆的永恒是达利的杰作之一，故选A项。,3HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali?ABypopularity.BByimportance.CBysizeandshape.DBytimeandsubject.答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.可知，该展览是根据时间和主题来布展的，故选D项。,4Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastparagraphreferto?AArtworks.BProjects.CDonations.DDocuments.答案：A词义猜测题。最后一段提到该展览中的主要作品是通过与不同机构组织的合作而精选出的，所以contribution应指文中的majorworks，即艺术品，故选A项。,Passage2(2014课标全国B)Passengerpigeons(旅鸽)onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks(群)solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint，thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeonsanumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles(about515kilometers)longwasseennearCincinnati.,Sadlytheabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdsweremostabundant，peoplebelievedtherewasaneverlastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.,Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury，thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericansneedforwood,whichscattered(驱散)theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobeseenagain.,In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons，butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionatelyasMartha,diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.立意与点拨：本文介绍了美国的旅鸽灭绝的原因与经历。旅鸽的数量曾经多到飞行时能够遮天蔽日，后来人类的滥捕滥杀和对它们栖息地的破坏导致了它们的灭绝。,1Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies,passengerpigeons_.AwerethebiggestbirdintheworldBlivedmainlyinthesouthofAmericaCdidgreatharmtothenaturalenvironmentDwerethelargestbirdpopulationintheUS答案：D推理判断题。根据第一段第二句以及第二段第一句可知，在18世纪和19世纪初，旅鸽的数量占到了美国鸟类总量的24%至40%，这一结果可能使其成为全世界最多数量的鸟类。由此可推断出，旅鸽当时是美国数量最多的鸟类。,2Theunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons_.AescapeBruinCliberationDevolution答案：B词义猜测题。根据文章第三段画线单词之后叙述的内容可知鸽子被当作城市饭店中的食物，遭受了长期大量的捕杀，可判断出画线单词所在句子的意思是说鸽子的数量遭受了“毁灭性”的打击。因此可知，画线单词的意思应该是“毁灭、破坏”与选项中的ruin的意思最接近。,3Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?AToseekpleasure.BTosaveotherbirds.CTomakemoney.DToprotectcrops.答案：C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.”可知，鸽子被捕捉后被运往大城市卖给了各个餐厅，由此可推断出人们捕杀鸽子主要是为了挣钱。,4WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?AItwasignoredbythepublic.BItwasdeclaredtoolate.CItwasunfair.DItwasstrict.答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“.butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.”制定法律的时候，已有十年时间都没有看见成规模的鸽群了，再根据其后说的在法律制定的三年后即1990年时连最后一只被确认的野旅鸽也死亡了，说明了宣布实施这部法律时为时已晚。,断章取义，忽视逻辑WhatiseBay?Thesimpleansweristhatitisaglobaltradingplatformwherenearlyanyonecantradepracticallyanything.Peoplecansellandbuyallkindsofproductsandgoods,includingcars,moviesandDVDs,sportinggoods,traveltickets,musicalinstruments,clothesandshoesthelistgoesonandon.,TheideacamefromPeterOmidyar,whowasborninParisandmovedtoWashingtonwhenhewasstillachild.Athighschool,hebecameveryinterestedincomputerprogrammingandaftergraduatingfromTuftUniversityin1988,heworkedforthenextfewyearsasacomputerengineer.InhisfreetimehestartedeBayasakindofhobby,atfirstofferingtheservicefreebywordofmouth.By1996therewassomuchtrafficonthewebsitethathehadtoupgrade(升级)andhebeganchargingafeetomembers.Joinedbyafriend,PeterSkill,andin1998byhiscapableCEO,MegWhitman,hehasneverlookedback.Ecrashesofthelate1990s,eBayhasgonefromstrengthtostrength.ItisnowoneofthetenmostvisitedonlineshoppingwebsitesontheInternet.,QFrom“hehasneverlookedback”inParagraph2welearnthatPierre_.AdidnotfeellonelyBwasalwayshopefulCdidnotthinkaboutthepastDbecamemoreandmoresuccessful错误分析：如果只看Joinedbyafriend,PeterSkill,andin1998byhiscapableCEO,MegWhitman,hehasneverlookedback.“有了朋友PeterSkill和1998年能力过人的首席执行官MegWhitman的加入，他再也没有回头。”容易误选B或C，认为他有了帮手后信心大增，对未来充满希望了。,答案：D此题是猜测词义及推理判断题，根据文章理解短语“lookback”的具体意思。这类题考查目的是，让考生以上下文内容为参考，尝试理解文中出现的生词或短语。而文章中出现这个生词的位置，往往下文中出现的内容是对这个词的解释、说明、举例等。在hehasneverlookedback之后，紧接着出现了Ecrashesofthelate1990s,eBayhasgonefromstrengthtostrength.ItisnowoneofthetenmostvisitedonlineshoppingwebsitesontheInternet.“尽管在20世纪90年代出现网络崩溃，eBay还是一步一步的壮大了，成为网络购物10个访问量最大的网络市场之一”，说明彼得事业的成功，因此答案应该为D。做这类题目一定要看具体的上下文，不能断章取义，不注意与原文内容的联系。,
展开阅读全文