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专题七情态动词和虚拟语气,词汇复习7(根据汉语提示填入以c开头的单词的适当形式,然后背诵情景,熟记以c开头的课标高频词汇。)【情景1】Acharityis(聚集)moneyforaprimaryschool,wherechildrenareinpoor(状况).Severaldaysago,aspeechcoveringcaringforkidswasmadeinthecentralpark.Thespeakersfromthecharitycalledonthegovernmentchiefstotake(挑战)tomakechangesonchildrenslivingconditions.Meanwhile,theyalsosuggest(市民)shouldcreatemorechancestodevelopchildrensgood(性格).Everyoneshouldmake(贡献)toofferchildrenahappychildhood.Childrenarecloselyconnectedwithourfuture,andtheywillcertainlycarryoutkinddeedsforourconcern.,collecting,condition,challenges,citizens,characters,contributions,译文:一家慈善机构正在为一所小学募捐,小学里的孩子们身体不好。就在几天前,在中心公园里举行了一次涉及关心孩子的演讲。来自该慈善机构的演讲者呼吁政府首脑在改变孩子的生活环境方面做出挑战。同时,他们还建议市民们创建更多机会来培养孩子的良好性格。每个人都应该为给孩子提供一个美好的童年做出贡献。孩子们同我们的未来息息相关,他们肯定会为我们对他们的关心而做出善举的。,【情景2】Itsbeen(证实)thatJodyhadcommittedacrimeinhiscompanyfortheunfaircommercialcompetitionwithhis(同伴).(比较)withothers,duringworktimehedidntconcentratehisenergyon(完成)thecompulsorywork,butconcernedhimselfmoreabout(舒服).Thoughhehadmadeacompromise,thecommitteeintheconferencecommandedthatheshouldcompensatefortheloss.,confirmed,companions,Compared,completing,comfort,【情景2】译文:已经证实乔迪在公司因为跟同伴的不公平商业竞争而犯罪。和其他人比较起来,在工作期间,他不集中精力于完成分内的工作,而是更多地关注个人的舒服。尽管他妥协了,但是会议上委员会命令他对损失做出补偿。,情态动词动感情,本义用法要拿定;特殊意义需强记,虚拟推测辨分明。1.(2015重庆卷改编)YoubeCarol.Youhaventchangedabitafteralltheseyears.,答案,解析,2.(2015浙江卷改编)Itwassonoisythatwehearourselvesspeak.,答案,解析,3.(2015四川卷改编)Youbecarefulwiththecamera.Itcosts!,答案,解析,4.(2015陕西卷改编)Youfeelallthetrainingawasteoftime,butImahundredpercentsurelateryoullbegratefulyoudidit.,答案,解析,5.(2015福建卷改编)Sorry,Mum!Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.Oh,itstoobad.Youhavemadefullpreparations.,答案,解析,6.(2015安徽卷改编)Itisluckywebookedaroom,orwe(have)nowheretostaynow.,答案,解析,7.(2015北京卷改编)IfI(notsee)itwithmyowneyes,Iwouldnthavebelievedit.,答案,解析,8.(2015天津卷改编)IwishI(be)atmysistersweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.,答案,解析,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,2.must表示推测时的结构(1)表示对现在或将来事实的推测用“must+动词原形”的结构形式。Hemustfeelveryhappyoncehegetsthegoodnews.一旦他得到这个好消息,他肯定感到非常开心。Mr.Wangmustbeoutnow,fornooneanswersthedoorbell.王先生此时肯定没在家,因为没有人回应门铃。(2)表示对此时此刻正在发生的动作的推测用“must+bedoing”结构形式。Thegirlmustbepracticingthepianointhenextroom.Shedoessoatthesametimeeveryday.那个女孩肯定正在隔壁弹钢琴。她每天此时都弹钢琴。,情态动词,虚拟语气,(3)表示对过去或已完成事实的推测用“musthavedone”的结构形式。Yourwordsmusthavehadaninfluenceonhim,forhehaschangedalot.你的话语对他肯定产生了影响,因为他改变了许多。Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨天晚上肯定下雨了,因为地面是湿的。Isawhimplayingbasketballontheplaygroundthismorning.Hemusthaverecoveredfromhisfootinjury.今天上午我看到他在操场上打篮球了,他的脚伤肯定好了。,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,2.虚拟条件句的倒装与省略如果虚拟条件句中有were,had(助动词)或should时,可将were,had或should提前到主语之前形成倒装结构,同时省去if。若虚拟条件句为否定句时,not不提前。IfJohnwerehere,hewouldsolvetheproblemeasily.如果约翰在这儿,他会很容易地解决这一问题。WereJohnhere,hewouldsolvetheproblemeasily.Ifyouhadtoldmeyouwouldcomeinadvance,Iwouldhavemadearrangements.如果你提前告知我你要来,我就会做好一切安排的。Hadyoutoldmeyouwouldcomeinadvance,Iwouldhavemadearrangements.,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,Ifitshouldraintomorrow,allthecropswouldbesaved.如果明天下雨的话,所有庄稼就有救了。Shoulditraintomorrow,allthecropswouldbesaved.Ifyouhadntwarnedmeoftheterribleweather,Iwouldhavebeencaughtintheheavyrain.如果你没有提醒我恶劣天气的话,我就会淋到大雨的。Hadyounotwarnedmeoftheterribleweather,Iwouldhavebeencaughtintheheavyrain.,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,3.错综时间条件句虚拟条件句和主句动作发生的时间不一致,主句和从句的谓语要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。IfIwereyou,Iwouldnthavemissedthefilmlastnight.如果我是你,我就不会错过昨晚那部电影了。(从句现在主句过去)Iftheyhadlefthomeintheearlymorning,theywouldarriveinhalfanhour.要是他们一大早离开家的话,再过半个小时他们就该到了。(从句过去主句将来)IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,hewouldbeabletospeakitmuchbetternow.如果他以前花更多的时间来练习说英语的话,现在他就能说得更好了。(从句过去主句将来),情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,4.含蓄虚拟条件句通过上下文或用介词短语等表示虚拟条件取代虚拟条件句。常用的介词有with,without,butfor,otherwise,or等。Butforyourhelp,wecouldnthavesucceeded.要不是你的帮助,我们是不会成功的。Withoutelectricity,lifewouldbequitedifferenttoday.如果没有电,今天的生活就会完全不同。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,二、虚拟语气用于名词性从句中1.用于宾语从句中(1)wish后面所跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气。表示对现在情况的虚拟:wish+主语+动词过去式或were+其他表示对过去情况的虚拟:wish+主语+had+过去分词+其他表示对将来情况的虚拟:wish+主语+would/could+动词原形+其他Iwish(that)Iwereabirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky.我希望我是只小鸟,能在天空自由飞翔。HowIwishIhadlistenedtomyparentsadvice!我多么希望听了父母的建议!HowIwishitwerentrainingnow.我多希望现在没下雨啊。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,(2)含有表示要求(request,require,demand)、建议(suggest,advise,recommend,propose)、命令(order,command)、主张(insist)等词或其变形的名词性从句(宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)中,常用虚拟语气结构“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。Hesuggestedthatwe(should)startoffearlythenextday.他建议我们第二天早点出发。(3)在wouldrather后的宾语从句中,也用虚拟语气,其结构为:wouldrathersb.+过去时(与现在事实相反)/过去完成时(与过去事实相反)Iwouldrathertheydidnthearofthenews.我宁愿他们没听到那个消息。Iwouldratheryouhadnttoldhimthenewsyet.我宁愿你没把消息告诉他。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,2.用于主语从句中Itisdesired/suggested/proposed/recommended/necessary/important/strange/natural/apity/essential.+that从句,从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputofftillnextweek.人们建议会议推迟到下周。Itisstrangethathe(should)haveactedtowardhisparentslikethat.真奇怪他竟然那样对他父母。(act在主句谓语动词be之前发生,所以要用shouldhaveacted)Itsstronglysuggestedthatmeasures(should)betakentoforbidstudentstocheatintheexams.强烈建议采取措施来禁止学生在考试中作弊。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,3.用于表语从句和同位语从句中在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,request,advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,其构成是“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.我的意见是在接受之前要反复考虑。Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoDalianforsightseeing.我们都同意他让我们去大连旅游的建议。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,Itshightimethatwedevoted/shoulddevoteourselvestoenvironmentalprotectionandecologicalimprovement.是我们致力于环境保护和生态改善的时候了。IfonlyIhadnotbeenilllastweek!要是上周我没病该多好啊!Donthandlethevaseasifitweremadeofsteel.不要对待那个花瓶就像它是由钢制成似的。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,附:特殊结构中虚拟语气黄金口诀虚拟用在名从中,shoulddo结构要记清;一个坚持两命令,三个要求四建议;it作主后有形,奇怪重要自然行;wish之后有宾从,虚拟时态退一层;asif/ifonly/wouldrather,时态也要退一层;Itshightimethatsb.didsth.此种形式要记清。,一,二,三,四,一、用适当的情态动词填空1.Ihaveawordwithyou?Itwonttakelong.2.Iveorderedsomepizza,sowenotworryaboutcookingwhenwegethometired.3.Younotgetthemachinerepairedthisweek.Iwontneedituntilnextmonth.4.Nostudentgooutoftheschoolcampusafter10:00atnightwithoutpermissionaccordingtotheschoolregulations.5.Noonebemoregenerous;hehasaheartofgold.6.Thedoornotopen,nomatterhowhardshepushed.7.Thechildrenhavegotlostinthewoods;otherwise,theywouldhavebeenatthelakesidecampasscheduled.,Can/May,need,need,shall,could,would,must,一,二,三,四,8.Henotsleep,althoughhetriedto,whenhegotonsuchahuntforanideauntilhehadcaughtit.9.WhenIwasachild,IwatchTVwheneverIwantedto.10.WhatareyoudoingthisSaturday?Imnotsure,butIgototheRollingStonesconcert.,could,could,might,一,二,三,四,二、用适当的动词形式填空1.We(be)backinthehotelnowifyoudidntlosethemap.2.(be)therenomoderntelecommunications,wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.3.Wewouldratherourdaughter(stay)athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.4.Theywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation,orthey(come)toourhelp.5.Howdidyoudointhetest?Notsowell.I(do)muchbetterbutImisreadthedirectionsforPartD.6.Ifwe(book)atableearlier,wecouldntbestandinghereinaqueue.,wouldbe,Were,stayed,wouldhavecome,couldhavedone,hadbooked,一,二,三,四,7.Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachildsfirsteyeexam(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.8.I(go)tomycousinsbirthdaypartylastnight,butIwasnotavailable.9.DoyouthinkGeorgehaspassedthedrivingtest?No.Ifso,he(drive)hiscartoourcollegeyesterday.10.GracedoesntwanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe(live)there,shewouldntbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.,(should)be,wouldhavegone,wouldhavedriven,weretolive/shouldlive,三、语法填空Howmanyofuscanreallyeverthankourmothers1.whattheydoforus?Iamnow40yearsold,soitsbeenalotofyearsthatIvehadmymomsloving2.(guide)anddirectionbehindmepushingmegentlywhenIneedit.WhenIwasill,Momwouldtakecareofme3.(condition).WhenIhadaterribledream,shewouldneveryellmeforstealingintoherbed.4.Igraduatedfromcollege,shetookprideinmeasIwalkedacrossthatstage.Whenlifewouldgetmedown,shewouldtellmethatitsalwaysdark5.thedawn.Shesalwaysbeenmygreatestsupport,6.(keep)meupwhenlifetriedtodefeatme.ShenevertoldmethatanythingwasimpossibleorthatIset7.goalstoohigh.WithagentleguidinghandshegotmebackontherighttrackifIfaltered(摇晃).,一,二,三,四,for,guidance,unconditionally,When,before,keeping,my,一,二,三,四,Asimplethankyouwillneverbeenoughforthekindnessandloveshe8.(show)tomeovertheyears.Mymomdeservesmorethanflowers,candyor9.gifts.Thereisntagiftintheworldthatcouldeverexpressmythanksfor10.shehasdoneformeovertheyears.,hasshown,other,what,一,二,三,四,四、短文改错Imovedtolivewithmygrandparentsattheageoften.Myparentswhichworkedinanothercityusuallycametomeetusafewtimeeverymonth.Itwasawonderfullyfeelingknowingthatmyparentswerearriving.Everyweekend,Icouldntwaittoseeingthem.UsuallymyparentsgothomeverylateontheFridaynightsorearlySaturdaymornings.Wheneverwearrived,Iwasusuallyasleepthen.Myparentsquicklyfellasleeplikekidsafterthelongtiredjourney.Mymotherwokemeupabout7oclockthenextmorning.Thenwebothwenttothekitchenandmaketeaforthefamily.Thenwesattogetherbutsharedourexperiencesoftheweek.,一,二,三,四,
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