高考英语一轮阅读理解训练二2

江苏省南通市2017高考英语一轮精选二阅读理解训练 (2015北京市朝阳区第一次综合练习)Culture and CuisineThe United States is known for jazz and blue jeans. But travel to Paris and ask your average French citizen about American cuisine(烹饪)and hes likely to answer，“McDonalds.”Ask the same thing of any American citizen on any American street and Im afraid youd get the same answer, or something close to it.Hamburgers and hotdogs and fries are all fine, but with American malls and other outlets standardizing everything from clothing to food, the sad truth is that American cuisine is becoming more homogeneousall the sameno matter where you live. True, many Americans are eating more varied foods these days, but these are largely the cuisines of immigrant groups, and they are quite likely to be affected by homogenization of American cuisine.So what exactly is American cuisine? Well, to some extent it is a reflection of our melting pot culture, meaning that Europeans made huge contributions in the form of wheat, dairy products, pork, beef and poultry. But American cuisine also includes products that once were known only to the New World, including potatoes, corn, pumpkin, sweet potatoes, and peanuts. The one region of the country where you still find all these things in daily use is the Deep South. The South lost the Civil War, but children of the southerners are winning the battle to preserve and advance their cooking traditionsand in this case one of the few cuisines can truly be called American, which is why were pleased to have Low Country cuisine in this issue of food creation. Thats right, grits and gravy are back in a big way in cities like Charleston and Savannah. Truth is, they never really left, but up until a decade ago Low Country cuisine was more common at home than in restaurants.In fact, a large number of tourists now go to the lower Atlantic region in order to experience this extraordinary cuisine for themselves. Time will tell whether Low Country cuisine becomes popular in other regions of the country in the way that, say, Italian cuisine has, but its amazing and heartening to see one of our true cultural treasures enjoying renewed popularity in these increasingly homogeneous times.文章大意：该文是说明文。主要介绍关于美国饮食的变化历程。9According to the passage, American cuisine impresses people as being _.Adull and changelessBrich and variousCpopular and deliciousDdisagreeable and unpleasant答案：A细节理解题。A项枯燥并无变化；B项丰富并多变的；C项受欢迎且味道鲜美的；D项不赞成且不愉快的。根据第二段的.the sad truth is that American cuisine is becoming more homogeneousall the sameno matter where you live可知，美国的烹饪无变化。故选A。10It can be seen that the writer feels regretful that _.Acuisines of other countries play a more important role in AmericaBAmerican cuisine has become increasingly lacking in varietyCAmerican cuisine tends to vary because of immigrationDAmerican cuisine is being changed by foreign cuisines答案：B推理判断题。通读全文，文中多次出现“homogeneous. homogenization.”说明 American cuisine 正在模式化，统一化，甚至同化了一些外来的饮食。故选B。11From the passage, we know that grits and gravy _.Awere cooked with new materials after the Civil WarBare gaining popularity in the south of AmericaCwere more popular over ten years agoDare seldom served in restaurants答案：B推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“grits and gravy are back in a big way in cities.”说明 American cuisine 流行起来了。 从后文的“time will tell.in other regions”能看出来这种流行现在还局限在南方。故选B。12Whats the writers attitude towards the renewal of Low Country cuisine in America?AConcerned and cautious.BHopeless and doubtful.CPositive and supportive.DCritical and disapproving.答案：C细节理解题。Concerned and cautious担心的和认真的；Hopeless and doubtful无希望的并怀疑的；Positive and supportive积极并支持的；Critical and disapproving批评和否定的。通读全文，并根据文章的最后一句话 its amazing and heartening to see one of our. 说明作者的是积极并支持的。所以选 C。2016高考英语阅读理解集训。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。Coffee is one of the most popular drinks throughout the world today. In fact, according to some estimates, over 30% of all adults in the world drink coffee at least once a day on the average. Coffee contains a kind of drug called caffeine. Caffeine is a chemical that stimulates (刺激) the nerves of the body. Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awakeat least for a short timebecause of this stimulating effect on the nervous system. A cup of coffee has, on the average, about 3% caffeine in it.One story of the discovery of the coffee plant relates to this effect of caffeine. According to the story, coffee was discovered in East Africa. The story says that coffee was first found by a goat farmer named Kaldi. This was about the year 850. Kaldi was leading his animals through the mountains and the goats were stopping repeatedly to eat the plants near the path. Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way. Kaldi figured out that the goats were acting this way because of the plants they were eating. Kaldi himself tried eating some of the green beans (豆荚) that the goats had been eating. He, too, felt the stimulating effect of the beans. Kaldi wanted to prove what had happened, so he picked some of the beans and took them back to the village, where he told his story.The green bean got the name Kaffa and later coffee because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa. Then for years, people used to eat a few of the green Kaffa beans when they were in the mountains and needed extra energy to do their work. It was later found that the coffee beans could be picked and then dried until they turned brown, and then they could be stored. If the beans were dried and stored, they could be used at any time.1.What is the purpose of drinking coffee?A. To become more awake. B. To become more healthy.C. To become more happy. D. To become more clever.2.How did the goats react after eating the plants?A. They fell asleep.B. They could not find their way home.C. They started jumping up and down.D. They wanted to eat more.3.Why did the green bean get the name Kaffa?A. Because Kaldi loved his home village very much.B. Because Kaldis goats loved the green bean very much.C. Because the beans were discovered in a place by this name.D. Because the beans could be picked and dried.【参考答案】1.A2.C3.C【解析】试题分析：本文为我们介绍了咖啡豆。通过一个牧羊人的故事为我们讲述了咖啡豆名字的起源及其产地和作用。1.理解题。从第一段中“Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awake”中可以看出咖啡豆的作用是使人变得清醒，故选A。2.细节理解题。从文中第二段中“Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way.”可以看出吃了这种植物后，一些羊开始以很奇怪的方式的跳上跳下，故选C。3.细节理解题。从最后一段第一句“The green bean got the name Kaffa and later coffee because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa.”可知，这种青豆开始叫“Kaffa”后来变为“咖啡”是因为它是在非洲一个叫Kaffa的地方被发现的，故选C。考点：事物说明类阅读【海南省文昌中学2016届高三上学期期末】 After spending a year in Brazil on a student exchange program, her mother recalled(回忆), Marie Colvin returned home to find that her classmates had narrowed down their college choices. “Everyone else was already admitted to college,” her mother, Rosemarie Colvin, said from the family home. “So she took our car and drove up to Yale and said , You have to let me in . ”“Impressed-she was a National Merit (全国英才) finalist who had picked up Portuguese in Brazil-Yale did, admitting her to the class of 1978, where she started writing for the Yale Daily News and decided to be a journalist,” her mother said.On Wednesday, Marie Colvin, 56, an experienced journalist for The Sunday Times of London, was killed as Syrian forces shelled(炮击) the city of Homs. She was working in a temporary media center that was destroyed in the attack. “She was supposed to leave Syria on Wednesday”, Mrs. Colvin said. “Her editor told me he called her yesterday and said it was getting too dangerous and they wanted to take her out. She said she was doing a story and she wanted to finish it.” Mrs. Colvin said it was pointless to try to prevent her daughter from going to conflict zones. “If you knew my daughter,” she said, “it would have been such a waste of words. She was determined, she was enthusiastic about what she did, it was her life. There was no saying Dont do this. This is who she was , absolutely who she was and what she believed in :cover the story, not just have pictures of it, but bring it to life in the deepest way you could.” “So it was not a surprise when she took an interest in journalism,” her mother said. From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1, we can infer that _ .A. Yale was her last choiceB. Marie Colvin was confident of herself C. Yale must keep its promise to Marie ColvinD. Marie Colvin was good at persuadingWhich of the following is the correct order to describe Marie Colvins life ?a. She was doing a story in Syria and got killed. b. She was admitted to Yale University.c. She studied in Brazil as an excellent student.d. She was hired by The Sunday Times of London.e. She began to take an interest in journalism.A. decab B. bcdeaC. edcba D. cbeda 23. From the last paragraph, we can know that Mrs. Colvin _.A. dislikes the choice of her daughter.B. cares little about her daughter.C. knows her daughter very well.D. doesnt fully appreciate her daughter.What can be the best title of the text ?A. Covering Stories in a Dangerous Conflict Area.B. Applying for Top Universities, a Successful CaseC. Choosing Lifelong Careers Based on Your Own Interest.D. Recalling Her Daughter, a Journalist Killed in Syria.【答案】 21B22D23C24D22. D 排列顺序题。本题可以使用排除法，从文章的第一句After spending a year in Brazil on a student exchange program就讲到她作为一个交换生回国了，说明c是最先发生的。在第二段可知她被耶鲁大学录取，开始做记者，再根据第三段他被伦敦的太阳报雇佣，最终在叙利亚被杀死。故D正确。23.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you knew my daughter,” she said, “it would have been such a waste of words. She was determined, she was enthusiastic about what she did, it was her life. There was no saying Dont do this. This is who she was , absolutely who she was and what she believed in可知她妈妈对女儿的性格非常了解，知道女儿追求的东西，在女儿的世界里，没有不能做的事情。故C正确。24. D 标题概括题。本文讲述了一位在叙利亚战争中遇难的女记者Marie Colvin的母亲在她遇难后回忆她生前的一些事情。故D项内容与文章主题一致。故D正确。【名师点睛】在解读人物传纪类文章时，应特别注意找出主要人物、事件发生的时间、地点、主要情节以及最后结局。注意主人公的主要特征，主人公与其他重要人物之间的关系。注意一些关键性的人名、 地点、定义和数字(不同的人名、地点可用铅笔在试卷上分别打上不同的记号，以便查找)。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。人物传纪类文章常考题型有: 1.细节题 ：这类题通常以what，who，which，when，where，how或why等词引 导，就文中某句、某段或某一具体细节进行提问并要求考生回答。 1). Terence is_. 2) Which of the following is the right order of the events? 3) Which of the following is TRUE of Spaceship One? 4) All of the following statements may be true EXCEPT_. 2.推断题：这类题中通常含有infer，conclude，suggest等词。 1)According to the passage, _. 2)It can be inferred from the passage that_.3)It can be concluded from the passage that_. 考点：考查人物传记类阅读【海南省文昌中学2016届高三上学期期末】How can we reduce the risk? There are four general approaches to dealing with volcanic(火山似的) dangers. We can try to keep the danger from occurring-often an impossible task. We can try to change its path or reduce its impact on existing development. We can take steps to protect future development. We can also do our best to have disaster response plans in place before they are needed.Removing the Threat Clearly, there is no way to stop an eruption. We can, however, attempt to reduce the eruptions effects by strengthening structures, for example, building protective works such as walls to make lava(熔岩) flow away from developed areas. Such efforts can be and have been successful, but are of limited use in a large-scale(范围)eruption.Planning for the Future Protecting future development from volcanic dangers is a simple task. Before building houses, we should judge the risk. If the risk seems too great, a safer location should be found. This type of planning is very effective, but all too often, people are drawn to the lush(葱郁的)，rolling land of a quiet volcano.Disaster Preparedness(预案) When a volcano comes to life, a few weeks may not be enough time to avoid a tragedy. Planning is the key to saving lives. Well before the warning signs occur, people must be educated about volcanic dangers. Escape plans must be in place. Communication between scientists, officials, the media, and the general public should be practiced. Emergency measures must be thought out and agreed upon. If you doubt the importance of these efforts, take another look at past volcanic tragedies, such as the eruption of Nevado del Ruiz. Communication failures left the town of Armero unprepared for escape. When a deadly mudflow came down the slope(斜坡), 21,000 people-90 percent of the towns people-died.25. The passage is intended for _.A. the general public B. architects C. adventurers D. geographers26. When building houses , people tend to _.A. judge volcanic dangers carefullyB. take volcanic dangers seriouslyC. like to live near a quiet volcano D. find a safer place far away from a volcano27. The writer mentioned Nevado del Ruiz to prove _. A. The failure to keep volcanic dangers from happeningB. The importance of preparing for a volcanic eruption C. The bravery of the people in Armero TownD. The uncertainty of volcanos damage28. The passage is mainly about _.A. why volcanoes can erupt suddenlyB. who can predict the eruption of volcanoesC. where the volcanoes are most activeD. how we can reduce the risk of volcanoes 【答案】25A26C27B28D26. C 细节理解题。根据第三部分最后一句This type of planning is very effective, but all too often, people are drawn to the lush(葱郁的)，rolling land of a quiet volcano.可知人们经常被被葱郁的的坡地所吸引，实际上那里是火山经常存在的地方。故C正确。27. B 推理判断题。根据第四部分第一段第二句Planning is the key to saving lives.可知在预防火山喷发时，有计划性是最重要的。在根据第二段第一句If you doubt the importance of these efforts, take another look at past volcanic tragedies, such as the eruption of Nevado del Ruiz. 作者列举Nevado del Ruiz的例子就是为了说明有计划的重要性，因为在这次火山喷发中，正是因为没有准备，导致了很大的伤亡。故B正确。28. D 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是我们在面对火山喷发的危险，应该采取哪些行动来减少火山喷发对我们的影响和伤害。故D项正确。考点：考查说明文阅读