资源描述
余姚市（浙江）2017高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（一）及参考答案阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。As children reach kindergarten and early grade-school age, they continue to become increasingly more aware of the wider world beyond home, school and their neighborhood. If you havent already done so, this can be an excellent time to teach your child about the environment, and how you can work together to go green as a family. If youve already introduced some eco-friendly habits in your home, here are some ways your growing child can contribute more to the greening of his world and beyond. My 7-year-old son discovered a magazine cover on the table that featured a cover line about polar bears being endangered because of global warming. I decided to be straight with himI said yes, there is a danger to polar bears and other wildlife because of pollution. But I told him that we can all do something to go green and help make a difference, and perhaps help the polar bears and all living things on our planet. My grandmothers were immigrants(移民)who lived through wars in South Korea. They used to constantly remind me to turn off the lights, and even not to use too much toilet paper. As it turns out, these were great lessons. Have your child get into the habit of turning off lights and electronic equipment when hes not using them. A nice bonus(意外收获): reducing electricity use can help cut down your bills. A grade-schooler is old enough to understand that water comes from lakes and pools. Explain that wasting it can affect everyone who depends on that water. Wasting water also means wasting energy. A tap that runs for five minutes is equal to letting a 60-watt bulb run for 14 hours, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Make it easier for your grade-schooler to go green by choosing different baskets for glass, metal, paper, and plastic. Have your child draw pictures of recyclable types to mark each basket. Once a season or more, have your child help you look for used clothing, books, toys and other things around the house to give away to local shelters(避难所). 【文章大意】本文作者以自己的亲身经历告诉其他母亲应该如何在生活中帮助孩子变得更有环保意识, 让他们从小就有保护环境的观念。1. The underlined word“contribute”in Paragraph 1 means. A. buyB. useC. giveD. find【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由于本句里的introduced说明如果你已经介绍给孩子一些环保习惯了, 而且在接下来的三个段落中作者本人又给出一些关于绿色生活的建议。所以这里的contribute的意思是“给出”。2. What makes polar bears in danger according to the passage? A. The global warming at present and in future. B. The pollution of the air in developed countries. C. The loss of the forest all over the world at present. D. The hunt for them by people from across the world. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。第二段第一句里的being endangered because of global warming是本题的解题线索。需注意的是B选项, 虽然第二段说到了污染危及一些野生动物的生存, 但并不是针对空气污染而言, 所以不能选B。3. What does the author learn from her grandmothers? A. Make peace with any other country. B. Not moving to other foreign countries. C. Turn off the lights and the water to go green. D. Live a simple life without spending too much. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。第三段作者提到了自己的祖母和外祖母经历过战争后尤其重视节省, 本段的第二句话是解题线索, 第三、四句是作者的体会和经验, 第五句开始给出了自己也身体力行的理由, 所以答案选C。但是注意D项虽然不错, 但是和第二句作者的祖母和外祖母的要求相比, 没有确切说明为了环保而做的具体措施, 所以不能选。4. What is the best title of the passage? A. Ways to Help Your Child Make Money. B. Ways to Help Your Child Go Green. C. Setting up a Recycling Centre for Your House. D. Setting up Eco-friendly Habits Is Necessary. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。首先要明确这篇文章的作者是一个母亲, 她在以自己的经历告诉别的母亲应该帮助自己的孩子更环保, 所以选项里的关键词是child和green。【技法导练】多学一点棋高一着阅读理解“圈点信息”的细节理解题细节理解, 就是在原文中能找到的信息, 可以采用“圈点信息”法, 把涉及的信息“圈点”出来, 以便分析利用。做细节理解题时, 可使用如下方法: 1. 细心审题, 带问题“圈”答案。先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼), 然后以此为线索, 运用略读及跳读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句, 仔细品味, 对照比较, 确定答案。2. 变通理解, 间接转述“圈”答案。高考设题常对原句细微处进行改动, 选取原文词语或结构进行改造, 因果倒置, 把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。3. 多点归纳, 综合事实“圈”答案。全面捕捉相关信息, 进行综合分析、归纳, 切忌根据“一面之词”草率地得出结论。上篇文章中的第2题为细节理解题。审题发现此题要求寻找_, 这样带着这个问题去原文中“圈点信息”就可以发现“_”为原因, 由此可以找到答案。答案: 造成北极熊濒临危险的原因 全球变暖 社会文化（阅读理解）由 (2012天津,D)改编You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or a creator.When you choose to be a victim,the world is a cold and difficult place.“They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering.“They” are wrong and bad,and life is terrible as long as “they” are around.Or you may blame yourself for all your problems,thus internalizing (内化) your victimization.The truth is,your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently.They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives,but they dont let this get in the way.They know they have their weaknesses,yet they dont blame themselves when they fail.Whatever happens,they have choice in the matter.They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities,yet their experience of life is worlds apart.Victims relish (沉溺) in anger,guilt,and other emotions that cause othersand even themselvesto feel like victims,too.Creators consciously choose love,inspiration,and other qualities which inspire not only themselves,but all around them.Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.In reality,all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives.One person,on losing a job or a special relationship,may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months,years,or even a lifetime.Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief,then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.In every moment and every circumstance,you can choose to have a fuller,richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within,and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.1.What does the word “they” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?()A.People and things around you.B.Opportunities and problems.C.Creators and their choices.D.Victims and their sufferings.2.According to Paragraph 2,creators .A.seem willing to experience failures in lifeB.possess the ability to predict future lifeC.handle ups and downs of life wiselyD.have potential to create something new3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3?()A.Creators and victims face quite different things in life.B.Creators and victims are masters of their lives.C.Victims can influence more people than creators.D.Compared with victims,creators are more emotional.4.The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that .A.strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victimsB.people need family support to deal with challenges in lifeC.it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their painsD.ones experiences determine his attitude toward life5.What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?()A.To define victims and creators.B.To evaluate victims against creators.C.To explain the relationship between victims and creators.D.To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.语篇解读:本文为议论文,题材为社会文化类。生活不是一帆风顺的,你会无数次地面对究竟作生活的牺牲品还是创造者的抉择。生活的牺牲者沉溺于愤怒、愧疚之中,而生活的创造者会选择截然不同的生活态度。答案及剖析:1.A猜测词义题。根据第一段第三句中.did things及第四句的are wrong and bad可知此处they意为:周围的人和事。2.C推理判断题。本段告诉我们:生活的创造者承认自己的弱点,但当失败的时候他们不会责备自己;暴风雨是成长历程中的重要部分。由此可知,生活的创造者能够明智地解决生活中的盛衰沉浮。3.B推理判断题。第三段告诉我们:生活的牺牲品和生活的创造者面对同样的境况时,他们会有截然不同的态度及做法,所以选B;他们是自己生活的主人。4.A推理判断题。通过讲述面对失去工作或一种特殊关系时,一些人的态度和做法,告诉我们:沉湎于生活中的不幸能使一些人成为牺牲品,所以A项正确。5.D主旨大意题。全文讲述了生活的创造者和生活的牺牲品对待生活的不同态度及做法,并告诉我们:生活的自主选择权就在我们手中,做出不同的选择就会过不同的生活。【长难句子分析】 and 他们相信:与生活中每一神圣时刻的共舞都是一份礼物,而暴风雨则是生活中很自然的一部分,它们为情感及心灵上的成长带来甘霖。believe后their dance.and that storms.是两个宾语从句;第二个宾语从句中的which can.是定语从句,修饰先行词storms。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。【2014二模】Firefighters had largely tamed a tower of flame and smoke that covered the sun and drove thousands from their homes in the foothill suburbs northeast of Los Angeles, but a week of dangerously windy wildfire conditions and a year of historic dryness meant that this fire and predictable ones to come remained a major threat.By nightfall Thursday, the wildfire that swept through about 2 1/2 square miles of brush in the San Gabriel Mountains and destroyed five homes early in the day had its progress stopped and was 30 percent contained. More than 700 firefighters were on the scene, along with 70 engines and a fleet of helicopters and air tankers dropping water and retardant(阻止物).But the National Weather Service said a red-flag warning of extreme fire danger in effect much of the week would remain in place until Friday evening because of low humidity and the chance of the regions infamous Santa Ana winds bursting to 30 mph in the foothills and valleys.Some 3,700 people from Glendora and Azusa evacuated at the height of the fire. Glendora residents were allowed to return home Thursday evening, but homes in Azusa remained under evacuation orders. It wasnt clear how many remained empty.Fire engines would stay in all the endangered neighborhoods through the night and helicopters were available to fly after dark if it became necessary. Nighttime bursts brought a few flame-ups, but they remained within fire lines.Two firefighters had minor injuries and a woman trying to fight the fire near her home suffered a minor burn. Seventeen structures were damaged, including homes, garages, barns and other buildings. At least 10 renters were left homeless when the fire destroyed rental units on the historic grounds of a retreat that once was the summer land of the Singer sewing machine family. Statues of Jesus and Mary stood unharmed near the blackened ruins. However, the main, 1920s house was spared.Three men in their 20s, including a homeless man, were arrested on suspicion of irresponsibly starting the fire by tossing paper into a campfire in the Angeles National Forest, just north of Glendora. They said they were trying to keep warm and the wildfire appears to have been an accident. They could face state or federal charges.61. Whats the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic.B. To arouse readers interest. C. To summarize the main idea.D. To share the writers opinion62. What do we know about the fire? A. It lasted a week.B. It started on a Thursday. C. It grew wilder at night.D. It flamed up high at first63. What led to the outbreak of the fire? A. Low humidity.B. Windy fire conditions. C. No timely warning. D. Careless campers.64. The underlined word “evacuated” in Paragraph 4 probably means _. A. sweptB. burstC. fledD. endangered65. The three young men were arrested because _. A. they were homelessB. they were to blame for the fire C. they wanted to keep warm by the fireD. they started the fire deliberately【参考答案】61-65 C D D C B 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。【2014二模】Many people focus on physical fitness, but few know that brain fitness is also something you can work on. In fact, you can exercise your brain as often as you work out your arms or abs-and the results can be positive and empowering. Its helpful to think of your brain as you work out a muscle. To improve your brain, you cant simply repeat the same exercises over and over. Just as lifting a two pound weight will no longer challenge you, so will repetitive exercises such as crosswords or Sudoku. Once you master easy exercises, you must move on to harder ones in order to push your brainlike your musclesto a new level.Scientists once believed that your mental abilities were fixed in adulthood. Now that studies on neuroplasticity have shown just the opposite, millions of people around the world have adopted the new practice of brain training.The most popular of these brain training products is made by the San Francisco-based Lumosity, which employs a team of in-house neuroscientists with degrees from Stanford and UC Berkeley. Realizing that brains need more sophisticated programs and guidance to grow and change, Lumositys scientists work with an experienced team of game designers. Together theyve developed a fun, effective online brain training program that measures, tracks, and adapts to your progress so youll always be challenged. Lumositys training system and 40+ games are based on well-studied tests used in clinical neuropsychology research.In a 2013 Stanford study, a treatment group of 21 breast cancer survivors used 12 weeks of Lumosity training to work on processing speed, mental flexibility, and working memory tasks. On average, those who trained improved on tests of these abilities, compared to a group that did not train with Lumosity. There is even some first round evidence suggesting that Lumosity may be beneficial to normal, healthy adults. In a 2011 study by Lumosity and San Francisco State University researchers, 13 people who did Lumosity training over 5 weeks improved on tests of brain performance compared to a group that did not train. On average, those who trained improved working memory scores by 10% and attention scores by 20%.Training can take just a few minutes a day, but the rewards can make a difference in many aspects of life. The goal of brain training is not to improve game scores: its to improve the underlying core abilities that those games rely on. Lumosity is one of the first and most popular brain training programs in existence. Theres a small fee to use the full product, or new users can start a free trial.66. What is the best title for the passage?A. Brain training can make a difference.B. Brain traininga new science.C. Brain training can keep you fit. D. Brain trainingan open online course.67. In order to improve our brain, we can _.A. do the same exercises day after dayB. challenge it with harder exercises day by dayC. work out crosswords every dayD. adapt to physical change68. According to the passage, what is Lumosity?A. It is a team of in-house neuroscientists.B. It is a team of experienced game designers.C. It is an online brain training program.D. It is a clinical brain training research.69. In Paragraph 4, the writer gives so many figures to _. A. explain the cause of LumosityB. clarify the principle of Lumosity C. confirm the process of LumosityD. show the effect of Lumosity70. It seems to us that the passage is exactly _. A. an ad.B. a survey.C. a questionnaire.D. a quiz.【参考答案】66-70 A B C D A
展开阅读全文