高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解基础演练（六）1

山西万荣县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解基础演练【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。In the mid1950s，I was a somewhat bored earlyado lescent male student who believed that doing_any_more_than_necessary_was_wasted_effort.One day，this approach threw me into embarrassment.In Mrs.Tottens eighthgrade math class at Central Avenue School in Anderson，Indiana，we were learning to add and subtract decimals (小数)Our teacher typically assigned daily homework，which would be recited in class the following day.On most days，our grades were based on our oral answers to homework questions.Mrs.Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had appeared on our homework sheets.She would start either at the front or the back of the classroom and work toward the other end.Since I was seated near the middle of about 35 students，it was easy to figure out which questions I might have to answer.This particular time，I had completed my usual two or three problems according to my calculations.What I failed to expect was that several students were absent，which threw off my estimate.As Mrs.Totten made her way from the beginning of the class，I desperately tried to determine which math problem I would get.I tried to work it out before she got to me，but I had brain freeze and couldnt function.When Mrs.Totten reached my desk，she asked what answer Id got for problem No.14.“I.I didnt get anything，”I answered，and my face felt warm.“Correct，”she said.It turned out that the correct answer was zero.What did I learn that day？First，always do all your homework.Second，in real life it isnt always what you say but how you say it that matters.Third，I would never make it as a mathematician.If I could choose one school day that taught me the most，it would be that one.1What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 indicate?AIt is wise to value ones time.BIt is important to make an effort.CIt is right to stick to ones belief.DIt is enough to do the necessary.2Usually，Mrs.Totten asked her students to _.Arecite their homework togetherBgrade their homework themselvesCanswer their homework questions orallyDcheck the answers to their homework questions3The author could work out which questions to answer since the teacher always _.Aasked questions in a regular wayBwalked up and down when asking questionsCchose two or three questions for the studentsDrequested her students to finish their usual questions4The author failed to get the questions he had expected because _.Athe class didnt begin as usualBseveral students didnt come to schoolChe didnt try hard to make his estimateDMrs.Totten didnt start from the back of the class5Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?AAn Unforgettable Teacher BA Future MathematicianCAn Effective Approach DA Valuable Lesson答案：【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。作者通过回忆自己小时候不完成家庭作业，只是应付数学老师所提问题的故事，告诉大家自己从这件事中受到的教育以及吸取的教训。1D解析：考查句意理解。根据语境可知，作者认为只要做必要的事就够了，故D项正确。2C解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“On most days，our grades were based on our oral answers to homework questions”可知，大多数时候，老师只要求学生口头回答家庭作业。3A解析：考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容可知，作者的数学老师总是按照题目顺序和学生的座位顺序提问，很有规律。故A项正确。4B解析：考查细节理解。根据第六段第一句“What I failed to expect was that several students were absent，which threw off my estimate”可知，作者没有料到的是有几个学生缺课，没有来学校，所以他没有估计对自己要回答的问题。故选B。5D解析：考查标题判断。根据全文尤其是文章最后一段可知，本文主要讲述了作者从自己应付数学老师所提问题而有一次差点失败这件事上吸取了教训，上了宝贵的一堂课。故D项最适合作文章标题。写人记事（阅读理解）由 (2013浙江宁波高三上期末)改编I was a fat kid who grew into an overweight adult.I was constantly laughed at for being heavier than the other kids,leaving me feeling shy.I tried several diets,but none worked,and I ended up gaining weight.Another factor contributing to my weight gain was my love for cooking,especially rich,high-fat desserts,which I enjoyed preparing and,of course,eating.When I finished high school at the age of 18,I weighed 215 pounds.Lacking the self-confidence to go to a new,faraway school,I decided to stay close to home instead of going away to college.I continued with my unhealthful eating habits and felt more miserable as the weight came on,but I did nothing about it except buy larger plus-size clothes.My turning point came 10 years later at a friends New Years Eve party when I was at my all-time highest weight of 330 pounds.I caught my reflection in a mirror and the truth hit me: I was overweight and unhealthy,and unless I did something about it now,I would only get bigger and unhappier.After leaving the party,I thought about my past weight-loss efforts and realized they didnt work because they required me to give up foods I loved.Then I would constantly think about food and binge,abandoning the diet altogether.If I took a common-sense approach and ate smaller portions of all foods,I would be able to satisfy my hunger and not feel deprived.My biggest challenge was finding a way to fit my passion for cooking into my healthier lifestyle.At first,I tried to stay away from the kitchen to prevent myself from thinking about food.The result: Food was all I thought about.There had to be some way to combine cooking with healthful eating.I found the solution after reading several low-fat cookbooks.With some trial and error,I could modify my favorite foods and make them low in fat,yet delicious.The pounds started coming off,and when I started exercising(usually cardio and weight training five times a week),they seemed to melt away.I didnt feel deprived,and I felt free to give my body the care and attention it deserved.I lost 165 pounds over the next two years.I had many ups and downs,but I was determined to go on.Another challenge to me was not to beat myself up if I ate something that was unhealthy and to take it as a sign to abandon my healthful habits.Instead,I vowed to start again and always keep my goal in mind.Thanks to losing weight and becoming fit I am in line with my body and myself.My dream is to help others realize the ease and benefits of low-fat cooking and eating.Ive created and published a book of low-fat recipes(食谱) and run workshops and seminars(研讨会) on healthful eating.Now that I know what I can achieve when I set my mind to it,my dreams are no longer out of reach.I have finally found myself.1.What factor contributed to the authors failure in losing her weight at first?()A.Her laziness in starting exercising.B.Her unwillingness to abandon low-fat desserts.C.Her passion for cooking and unhealthy eating habits.D.Her lack of maintenance tips.2.What did the author do as she kept on gaining weight?()A.She tried a few low-fat diets.B.She decided to stay away from home.C.She bought herself clothes of larger sizes.D.She could do nothing except that she felt deprived.3.The authors story tells us that .A.it is important to have a balanced dietB.cooking by oneself will make one healthyC.trial and error is important in learning cookingD.reading cookbooks will help to build up a good eating habit4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?()A.She missed opportunity to attend college because of her shyness.B.She didnt attend the New Years Eve party because of her weight.C.Her dream of becoming a beautiful girl came true after she lost weight.D.She didnt seriously consider losing her weight until she realized how fat she was.5.It can be concluded from the passage that .A.you will live a healthy life if you cook yourself every dayB.you will feel deprived if one fails to give attention to your bodyC.it is the most important thing for you to have some maintenance tips in order to keep fitD.being overweight can not only be bad for your health but also bring you much trouble in your life语篇解读:一个偶然的机会使一个因为随心所欲进食而导致体重严重超重的女孩改变了饮食的态度和方法,通过不懈的努力终于减肥成功。答案及剖析:1.C细节理解题。由第一段的.my weight gain was my love for cooking,especially rich,high-fat desserts,which I enjoyed preparing and,of course,eating可知,作者体重增加的原因是酷爱烹饪和吃高脂肪的甜点导致的,故选C项。2.C细节理解题。由第二段的.as the weight came on,but I did nothing about it except buy larger plus-size clothes可知,随着作者体重的增加,她唯一能做的事情就是买更大号的衣服,故选C项。其他三项均不符合文章的内容。3.A主旨大意题。作者通过自己辛苦减肥的经历,告诉大家健康饮食的重要性。最后一段的My dream is to help others realize the ease and benefits of low-fat cooking and eating表达了作者的愿望,故选A项。4.D细节理解题。前两段提到作者虽然很胖,但一点也不注意饮食,在第三段提到参加朋友的新年聚会时看到镜子里肥胖且不健康的自己,猛然惊醒,故选D项。由第二段的Lacking the self-confidence to go to a new,faraway school,I decided to stay close to home instead of going away to college可排除A项;由第三段的My turning point came 10 years later at a friends New Years Eve party.可排除B项;由最后一段的前两句话可排除C项。5.D推理判断题。由全文内容可知,作者一开始由于肥胖而遭到别人嘲笑,因此变得不自信,而且也严重影响了身体健康,故选D项。【疑难词汇解读】1.deprived adj.被剥夺的;贫困的;缺少食物的He had a deprived childhood.他有过贫困的孩提时代。2.out of reach 够不着,达不到The ball was out of my reach.我够不着这个球。【长难句子分析】 既然我知道了当我专心做事的时候我会成功,我的梦想就不再遥远了。2016高考英语阅读理解（科普类说明文）【2015陕西】CThe production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of, certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the worlds ecological balance.On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the areas birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other special(物种) that depend on the trees flowers and fruits. Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result, many special are quickly dying out.On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition, new coffee-growing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the worlds groundwater.Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations (种植园)could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the worlds climate, and studies show that loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的) soil conditions.It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology. But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.54. What can we learn about full-sun coffee production from Paragraph 4?A. It limits the spread of new growing techniques.B. It leads to air pollution and global warming.C. It slows down the loss of shade trees.D. It improves local soil conditions.55. The purpose of the text is to .A. entertain B. advertise C. instruct D. persuade56. Where does this text probably come from ?A. An agricultural magazine.B. A medical journal.C. An engineering textbook.D. A tourist guide.57.Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?56.推理判断题。文章介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产会带来的破坏，应该是出自一本农业杂志，故选A。57.文章结构题。文章第一段介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产的话题，二、三、四段介绍了阳光充足的咖啡生产带来的破坏，第五段说服人们去购买对环境有利的阴凉处种植的咖啡，所以是总分总的结构，故选A。【考点定位】环保类阅读理解【名师点睛】这篇文章内容不是学生非常熟悉的，但是篇幅适中。考查比较全面，除了抓住主旨，理解细节题，还需要适当的推理，如：判断文章的出处，作者的意图，文章的结构。这些不是某个句子可以体现的，要对文章有整体把握。