资源描述
Unit 5 Canada-The True North单元知识预览项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1minister n大臣；部长2chat vi. & n聊天；闲聊3scenery n景色；风景4eastward adv. & adj.向东；向东的；朝东的westward adv. & adj.(反义词)向西，向西的；朝西的5surround vt. & vi.包围；围绕surroundings n(复)周围的事物；环境surrounding adj.周围的6measure vi. & vt.测量；衡量；判定 n计量制；计量单位；措施7aboard prep. & adv.在船、飞机、火车或公共汽车上board vt. & n(在/上)船等8within prep.在之内9border n边界；国界；边沿 vt. & vi.与接壤；接近10slight adj.轻微的；微小的slightly adv.稍微；轻微地11mix vt. & vi.混合；调配mixture n混合(物)；混合状态12confirm vt.证实；证明；批准13wealthy adj. & n富有的；富人；有钱人wealth n财富14distance n距离；远方distant adj.远的，远方的15broad adj.宽阔的；广泛的16nearby adv.在附近 adj.附近的；邻近的17tradition n传统；风俗traditional adj.传统的18terrify vt.使恐怖；恐吓terrifying adj.令人畏惧的terrified adj.感到畏惧的terror n恐惧terrible adj.恐怖的；恐惧的19impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记impression n印象impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的重点短语1rather than与其；不愿2be surrounded by/with 被包围3settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于4manage to do 设法做5catch sight of 看见；瞥见6have a gift for 对有天赋7in the distance 在远处8as far as 远到；直到；至于9at dawn 在黎明，在拂晓10thousands of 成千上万的经典句型（高考书面表达必备）1Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada. 她们不想一路乘飞机，她们决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。2Its too bad you cant go as far as Ottawa, Canadas capital.很遗憾你们不能远到渥太华加拿大的首都。3“We dont leave until this evening，” said Liu Qian.“我们直到晚上才动身。”刘倩说道。必备语法（高级句型）动词时态语态（1）晨读范文背诵【湖北省龙泉中学、襄阳五中、宜昌一中2016届高三9月联考】 假设你是李华，上个月去英国参加了一次夏令营活动，活动期间一直住在Mr. Smith家中。他们给你提供了很多帮助，请写一封感谢信表达对他们的感谢。内容要点：1. 感谢Smith夫妇；2. 你的感受；3. 邀请Smith夫妇来华旅游。注意: 1. 词数：100字左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；DearMr.andMrs.Smith,Howareyoudoing? _ Yours, Li Hua【答案】One possible version：书面表达Dear Mr. and Mrs. Smith,How are you doing? I am writing to express my gratitude to you for offering accommodation when I was in England.It was so kind of you to take care of me when I was not used to the weather there. Besides, you bought Chinese food for me, which really surprised me. Whats more, I shall always remember those ancient stories you told me, which helped me know more about your culture and history. Nothing will be able to erase our wonderful memories, and I will cherish them forever.I will feel honored and pleased if you can come to China for a visit and I will be your guide. Would you kindly let me know if you can make it?Thanks again for what you have done for me. May you be blessed in everything you do.Yours,Li Hua语言知识精析重点单词精讲考点1surround vt.&vi.包围，环绕，围绕【教材原句】People say it is Canadas most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.人们说这是加拿大最美丽的城市，被太平洋和高山包围着。【例句研读】(1). She hopes to bring up her children in healthy _. 她希望在健康的环境下把孩子抚养长大。 (2) .With the house_, the thief couldnt flee and was caught.房子被包围了，那个贼逃脱不掉，被逮住了。(3) The _areas are very beautiful .周围地区非常优美。【答案】（1）surroundings （2）surrounded（3）surrounding【归纳拓展】surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n. (pl.)环境be surrounded with/by. 被环绕/包围in a surrounding area 在周围地区be situated/located in very pleasant surroundings位于优美的环境中【即时巩固】完成句子(1). The Los Angeles Basin _ _ _ three sides _ high mountains.洛杉矶盆地三面都是高山。(2). Animals in a zoo are not living _ their natural _.动物园里的动物们不是生活在自然环境之中。(3). He desired to work in a pleasant _.他希望能在令人愉快的环境下工作。(4). She has always been _ _fashionable friends.(5).There is no such kind of modern hospital in the _ areas.【答案】(1) is surrounded ;on ; by (2 ) in ; surroundings (3 ) surroundings (4 ) surrounded with (5) surrounding考点2measure vi.&vt. 测量；衡量；判定 n. 尺寸；量具；计量单位；措施【教材原句】It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.这里气候潮湿，树木长的非常高，有些高达90米。【例句研读】(1) Can you _the room with this ruler? 你能用这把尺子量这个房间吗?(2) It s hard_ _ his ability until you see his work. 直到你见到他的作品, 否则很难估计他的能力。(3)We must _ _ prevent pollution.我们要采取措施去防止污染。【答案】(1) measure (2) to measure (3) take measures 【归纳拓展】make clothes to ones own measure 量体裁衣by measure 按尺寸take measures (steps) to do sth.采取措施beyond measure 无法估量，极度，过分be measured in 以来计算【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成句子(1) We must take measures _ _ these problems one by one.我们必须采取必要的措施解决这个问题。(2) This is a room _ 4 metres.这是一个有4米宽的房间。(3) The tailor made a suit _ _ _裁缝按照我的尺寸做了一套衣服。【答案】(1) to solve (2)measuring (3) to my measure考点3chat vi.&n. 聊天；闲聊【教材原句】【例句研读】(1) What were you _ with him about? 你和他聊了些什麽?(2) I had a long _. with her (about her job).（关於她的工作）我和她聊了很久(3)They sat there , _.他们坐在那里聊天。【答案】（1）chatting（2）chat（3）chatting【归纳拓展】过去式 chatted chatted 现在分词 chattingchat to/with sb (about sth) = have a chat with sb (about sth) 与某人聊天、闲谈【即时巩固】(1) She often spends hours on the phone _ to her friends.她经常花好几个小时的时间在电话里和朋友聊天。(2) We had a nice chat _ a cup of tea. 我们在喝咖啡期间好好聊了一下。(3)Dont waste your time _ 不要浪费时间聊天。【答案】(1)chatting (2) over (3) chatting考点4eastward adv. 向东 adj. 向东的；朝东的【教材原句】Going eastward, youll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities. 一路向东，你会经过一座座山脉，上千个湖泊，森林，还有宽阔的河流和许多大城市。 【例句研读】(1) They were traveling_ to the city which appeared in their dreams. 他们朝着东边向梦想中的城市进发。(2) The plane flied in an eastward direction. 翻译：_(3) The river flows_这条河向东流去。【答案】（1）eastward(s)（2）飞机向东边飞去。（3）eastward（s）【归纳拓展】eastward(s) adj./adv. 向东的，向东地 westward(s) adj./adv. 向西的，向西地southward(s) adj./adv. 向南的，向南地northward(s) adj./adv. 向北的，向北地southeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东南的，向东南地northeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地southwestward(s) adj./adv. 向西南的，向西南地northwestward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地【即时巩固】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。(1) It is said that Tangseng and his four apprentices(徒弟) traveled _ in order to obtain the sacred Buddhist scripture.（2). When winter comes, the migratory birds travel in an _ direction.（3）改错 He continued to travel to eastward. 【答案】(1) westward(s) (2) southward(s) (3)去掉to考点5mix vt.&vi. 混合；调配 mixture n. 混合（物）；混合状态【教材原句】Canada is a mixture of many cultures and races .加拿大是一个多种文化和种族混合的地方。【例句研读】(1). The chemist _some medicine for me. 药剂师给我配了些药。(2). Oil and water don t _. 油和水不能混合。(3). Oil won t _ _water. 油不能和水混合。【答案】（1）mixed (up)（2）mix（3）mix with 【归纳拓展】mix A and/with B 把甲与乙拌和起来mix sth. up 把某物拌和；混淆某物mix sth. in/into把某物掺进去be/get mixed up with sth./sb. 与某事有关；与某人混在一起【即时巩固】用mix的短语的适当形式或介词填空。(1). Don t try to _ business _ pleasure.不要混淆了正事和娱乐。(2). Mix the eggs _ the flour. 把鸡蛋和面粉混合一起。(3). I don t want to _ _ _ in the affair. 我不想参与这件事。【答案】(1). mix; with (2). into ( 3). be mixed up 考点6terrify vt.使恐怖；恐吓【例句研读】(1). He _his children with ghost stories. 他讲鬼故事吓坏了他的孩子。(2). Her husband s violence _her. 她丈夫的暴力使她感到恐惧。(3)Judging from his _look , he was _从他惊恐的表情判断，他非常害怕。【答案】（1）terrified（2）terrified（3）terrified ; terrifying 【归纳拓展】terrified adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的 terrifying adj.（令人）可怕的be terrified at/by sth. 被某事（物）恐吓 be terrified of sth. = be afraid of 害怕某事（物）be terrified that 从句【即时巩固】用terrify的适当形式或介词填空。(1). She _ _ _that Ronnie would kidnap Sam. (2). She was terrified _ the thought that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.(3). It was a _ experience.【答案】(1). was terrified that (2). at (3). terrifying考点7distance n. 距离；远方；遥远；疏远【教材原句】In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls,which is on the south side of the lake.远处，她们可以看到湖的南边尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升腾的雾霭。【例句研读】(1) _ _ _ ，I would see them waving their arms. 从远处我能看到他们好挥舞着的胳膊。(2) I can see a light _ _ _.我能够看到远处的灯光。(3) He kept a _from others. 他与别人保持距离。【答案】(1) From the distance (2) at a distance (3) distance【归纳拓展】distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；久远的at a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远in /from the distance 从远方out of distance from 离太远，达不到keep sb. at a distance 对冷淡，与疏远keep ones distance from 与保持距离【即时巩固】(1)I dont know _ _(距离) from Beijing to Shanghai.(2)The hospital is not _ _ (远) at all.(3)The oil painting looks better _ _ _(远看起来)(4) He was asked many times to join the party, but he always _ _ _（与人保持距离）【答案】（1）the distance (2) distant from (3) at the distance (4) kept his distance考点8impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记 【例句研读】(1) The sights of the city never fail to _foreign tourists. 外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象。(2). We were most _ _your efficiency. 你的工作效率很高，我们极为钦佩。(2) _with his kindness , they decided to help him .为他的善良打动了，他们决定帮助他。【答案】(1) impress (2) impressed with/by (3) Impressed【归纳拓展】impression n.印象 感想 impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth. 使某人铭记某事物 make/give/crate an impression on/upon. 给一个印象have/get the impression that 有的印象【即时巩固】(1) 1). Father _ _ me the value of hard work.(2). One candidate in particular _ us _ her knowledge.(3). You _ an excellent _ _ us.(4). When I first met him I _ _ _ _ he was a humorous man.【答案】(1). impressed; on (2). impressed; with (3). made; impression upon (4). had the impression that 重点短语精讲考点1rather than. 是而不是；与其不如；不愿【教材原句】Rather than take the aeroplane all the way , they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.没有一路坐飞机，他们决定飞往温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。【例句研读】(1) He ran _walked. 他是跑的而不是走的。(2) Rather than _ the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price与其让蔬菜烂掉，他半价把它们卖掉。(3)It is you rather than I that _ wrong .是你错了而不是我错了。【答案】（1）rather than（2）allow（3）are【归纳拓展】do A rather than do B = rather than do B, sb. does A 某人不做B却做A A rather than B 是A而不是B would rather do A than do B = would do A rather than do B 宁可做A而不做Bprefer to do A rather than do B 最喜欢做A而不做Bwould rather sb. did/had done sth. 宁愿某人做某事注意：rather than表示客观事实，它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。 【即时巩固】根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。 (1) I d rather you _ _ yesterday.我宁愿你昨天没来。(2) I think Tom rahter than you,_ _ _.我认为汤姆而不是你该受责怪。(3) 他宁愿死也不愿在街上乞讨。翻译：_=_【答案】（1）hadn t come （2）is to blame. (3) He would rather die than beg in the street. = He would die rather than beg in the street. 考点2settle down 舒适地坐下或躺下；（使）安静、安顿、安心；习惯於新的生活方式/工作等【教材原句】That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.那天下午表姐妹两人登上火车落了座。【例句研读】说出划线部分的汉语意思（1）She settled down in an armchair to read her book. （2）When are you going to marry and settle down? （3）I have some problems to settle.【答案】（1）舒适地坐下来（2）安顿下来（3）解决【归纳拓展】settle down to 使某人安下心来做 settle (down) in . 在定居下来settle a dispute/an argument/an issue 解决一争端/争论/问题【即时巩固】(1) With his problem_, he felt realxed. 问题解决了，他感到很轻松。(2) He finally settled down to _ his homework. 他终于静下心来去做作业。(3) They have finally _ _ _ Canada. 他们最后在加拿大定居下来。【答案】(1). settle down to work (2). doing ( 3). settled down in 考点3catch sight of 看见；瞥见 【教材原句】Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.那天下午她们穿过了落基山脉，总算看到了野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。【例句研读】(1) He was happy to_ _ _ an eagle flying in the sky. 见到一只鹰在天上飞，他很高兴。(2) The thief ran away _ _ _ _ the police.这个贼看到警察就跑了。(3) He _ _ _because of the disease. 因为这场病他失明了。【答案】（1）catch sight of （2）at the sight of（3）lost his sight【归纳拓展】lose sight of 看不见；不再看见 keep sight of 使能看得到；保持看得到的距离 at (the) sight of 一看到（就）in/within sight 可以看见；在视线内out of sight 看不见；在视线外have good/poor sight/eyesight 视力好/差【即时巩固】用sight的短语填空。(1)._ _ _ his mother, the boy stopped crying.(2).She watched the train until it went _ _ _. (3).I _ _ _ my former teacher just now, but very soon he turned a corner and I _ _ _ him.【答案】(1). At the sight of (2). out of sight (3). caught sight of; lost sight of 考点4. have a gift for. 对有天赋【教材原句】【例句研读】(1). He _ _ _ art. 他有艺术天才。(2). He is a man _ _ 他是一个有天赋的人。【答案】(1) has a gift for (2)of talents【归纳拓展】have a gift for (doing) sth.= have the gift to do sth. 对有天赋；有做某事的才能a man of excellent gifts一个非常有才华的人 a gifted/telented person 一个有天赋的、有才华的人【即时巩固】翻译句子。1). 他天生有着讲故事的才能。_2).我羡慕他有着作为老师的天赋。 _【答案】(1). He has a (natural) gift for telling / to tell stories. (2). I envy him his great gifts as a teacher.考点5as far as 远到，直到；至于【教材原句】Its too badyou cant go as far as Ottawa,Canadas capital.很可惜你们不能走到加拿大的首都渥太华。【例句研读】翻译： (1) I ll walk with you as far as the post office. （2). I ve read as far as the third chapter. (3) 据我所知，他有音乐天赋。_【答案】(1) 我陪你走到邮局。 (2) 我已读到第三章了。 (3) As far as I know , he has a talent for music.【归纳拓展】as/so far as sb. knows 就某人所知 as far as sb. can see/tell/ remember 就某人看来/所说/所记得as/so far as sb/sth is concerned 就某人/事物而言far from sth 毫不；一点也不； 远非So far, so good. (谚) 到目前为止，一切都很顺利。【即时巩固】用far的短语填空。(1). _ _ _ _ _ (对我个人来说), you can do what you like.(2).The problem is _ _ _ (绝非易事).(3). We ll go by train _ _ _ (直到) London, and then take a bus.【答案】(1). As far as I m concerned (2). far from easy (3). as far as 经典句型剖析考点1. so.that【教材原句】It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 那里空气湿润，因而树木长得相当高，有的超过90米。【句法分析1】. so.that 如此以致于，后跟结果状语从目，常用too to或enough to来变为简单句。She was so angry that she couldn t say a word. = She was too angry to say a word. 她太气愤以致于说不出话来。【例句研读】She is so good a teacher that we all love her. 她是一位如此好老师以致于我们都爱她。She is such a good teacher that we all love her. 她是一位如此好老师以致于我们都爱她。They are such little children that they can t look after themselves.他们是那么小的孩子还不能自理。Our team played so well that we won the game. = Our team played well enough to win the game.我们的球队踢得真好，结果赢得了比赛。 They are such naughty boys that they often make mistakes. 他们是如此淘气以致于经常犯错误。【拓展归纳】辨析：so.that与such.that：so.that与such.that意思一致，that均引导结果状从句，但是so为副词，such为形容词，所以二者所接词不一样的。 so +adj. / adv. + that从句或so +adj. + a(n) + 单名+ that从句 such + adj. + 复名 + that从句或such + a(n) + 单名+ that从句提示：在so十muchmanylittlefew + n. +that从句结构中，little当“少”讲，接在so之后，但当little当“小”讲时，应接在such之后。【句法分析2】some measuring over 90 metres 是独立主格结构：独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为、方式或伴随情况。其构成：名词(代词) + 现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。(1) 作时间状语 The meeting over, they left the hall.(2) 作原因状语 My watch having been lost, I didnt know what time it was.(3) 作条件状语 Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you.(4) 描述伴随行为或补充说明 Mary entered the room, his hands in his pockets.【考点聚焦】考查sothat的用法和独立主格。【即时巩固】1. The boy went in _ when he left for school that he left his key inside the house. A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush【答案】D考点：考查状语从句2.So popular that it attracts more than 100,000 kite fans to this city.Abecame kite flyingBkite flying becameChas kite flying becomeDkite flying has become【答案】C【解析】试题分析：So +形容词位于句首，后面部分用部分倒装语序，故答案选C。3. In those years, poverty _, hungry farmers wandered about the countryside. A. stricken B. striking C. being stricken D. strike【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：在那些年，受贫穷的打击，饥饿的农民徘徊在乡下。这个句子中，包含一个独立主格结构，逻辑主语 + 形容词，选A。考点：考查独立主格结构考点2 比较级表示最高级的用法【教材原句】There is more fresh water in Canada than in any other country in the world. 加拿大的淡水量比世界上其他任何一个国家都多。【句法分析】(1) 用比较级表示最高级，同一范围内比较时，常用“主语+动词+比较级+than any other+单名”或“主语+动词+比较级+than all the other+复名”。(2) 不同范围内比较，常用“主语+动词+比较+than any+单名”。(3) 否定词和比较级连用表示最高级意思【例句研读】他是班里最高的。He is taller than anyone else in his class. = He is taller than any of the other students in his class. = He is taller than any other student in his class.He is taller than any boy in my class .他比我班上的任何一个男孩子都高。I can t agree more.我再同意不过了。【考点聚焦】考查比较级表达最高级的用法【即时巩固】1-Are you satisfied with what she has done? -Not a little. It cant be_.A. any worse B. any better C. so well D. so bad【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查形容词比较级。句意：-你对她所做的感到满意吗？-非常满意。不能再好了。not a little很，非常；not a bit一点也不。比较级用于否定句，表示最高级含义，根据答语可知，是非常满意，不选A。故选B。考点：考查形容词比较级2.Everybody says Rebecca and John is a perfect match; no one has ever known _ couple. A. a betterB. the betterC. a bestD. the best【答案】A考点：考查否定词和比较级连用3. Most students think they should have _ at school if there were no examinations. A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D. a much happier time【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：大多数学生认为他们在学校应该有一个更开心的时光，如果没有考试的话。happier本身就是比较级，不用more，排除B；much不修饰最高级，排除C；这里泛指“一个更开心的时光”。故选D。考点：考查比较级考点3 现在分词做状语【教材原句】There was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada.地上有霜，证明秋天已经来到了加拿大。【句法分析】现在分词做状语可以表示时间，条件，原因，结果，伴随等。【例句研读】Going eastwards，youll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests.向东走，你会经过一座座山脉，成千上万的湖泊，森林。He sat there , waiting .他在那里坐着等。He came in running .他跑着进来了。His car broke down on the way , causing the delay.他的车坏了，因此造成了耽搁。【考点聚焦】考查分词做状语【即时巩固】1【浙江省绍兴市第一中学2014届高三上学期回头考】 Pressed from his parents, and _ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间，这个男孩决定停止玩电脑游戏。首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语动词做状语，主语the boy与press是被动关系，但是与realize是主动，所以是现在分词做状语，选A。考点：考查非谓语动词2【浙江省温州中学2014届高三上学期期中】_ on his past mistakes, Ted realized that he had stayed around the wrong people.A. To reflect B. Reflecting C. Reflected D. Being reflected【答案】B考点：考查非谓语动词3. 【浙江省象山普通高中2014届高三第一次模拟】_, I can see that those terrible events shaped me into the person I am today. A. Having looked back B. Looking back C. Being looking back D. To be looking back【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：回首往事，我可以明白那些可怕的事件把我塑造成了今天的这个人。空格所填的内容与主语I是主动关系，故排除 C和D，与谓语 see同时发生，是伴随状语，故排除 A. 故选B。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法
展开阅读全文