高三英语复习 非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词一. 非谓语动词种类及功能非谓语动词的三种形式：_ _ _ 划出下列句子的非谓语动词，并指出非谓语动词在句中所做成分。 1. I want to read a book written by the woman living there. _ 2. Missing the bus means waiting for another hour. _ 3. Arriving at home, he found his house broken into and his son crying. _ 4. Not allowed to smoke in the room, the man had to smoke outside. _ 5. To see is to believe. / Seeing is believing. _ 6. The boy is missing and the police are puzzled. _ 7. The boy asked his staff to go through the plan to be carried out the next week. _二. 非谓语动词在句中可做哪些成分?主语宾语宾补/主补表语定语状语不定式动名词分词 非谓语动词有哪些形式?不定式动名词现在分词过去分词一般主动式一般被动式进行式完成主动式完成被动式三非谓语动词的基本考点考点一：分词（现在分词和过去分词）和不定式作定语时的区别： The problem _last month is on pollution. (discuss)The problem _now is how to get rid of pollution. (discuss)The problem _tomorrow will be of great help to our teaching. (discuss)小结： 动词不定式作定语时表_ 现在分词作定语时表_ 过去分词作定语时表_.注意点：1. Reading is considered as the best way_(enlarge) the English vocabulary.2. This is the second tomb _(find) 归纳：当名词由_, _修饰时，用 _作定语, 放在名词后。Practice：1. The housewife _by the researcher said that she was satisfied with the goods. (interview)2. The building project _will be completed as soon as possible. (carry out)3. The book _next month is on grammar. （publish）考点二：非谓语动词主动表被动1. His handwriting is difficult_ (recognize).2. He is a man hard _(deal with).3. It is Tom that is _ (blame) for the accident.4. The window wants/requires/needs _ (repair)5. The book is worth _ (read) twice.小结：上述情况属于用动词不定式或分词的_形式表_含义。注意点：Manager, do you have anything to type? _Manager, do you have anything to be typed? _考点三：动词不定式的复合结构: It + (be) + adj + for sb. to do It + (be) + adj + of sb. to do1. Dont you think it foolish/stupid/silly _him to believe such a person as him?2. I consider it unnatural _a child of her age to say so.3. I think it would be best _her to take his advice.归纳：形容词说明somebody时用_ 形容词说明to do时用_考点四：有些动词后接动词不定式和动名词的区别:1. He regrets _ able to watch the volleyball match. (not be) We regret _that the film was not worth seeing. (say)2. I do remember _ for my extra work, but Im not sure of the exact number. (pay)Please remember _ the letter for me when you pass the post office. (post)3. She searched the top of the hill and stopped _on a big rock. (rest)The bus was so crowded that the driver stopped _the passengers. (pick up)4. I tried _him to stop smoking, but failed. (persuade)Have you tried _the problem in a different way? (solve)5. Im afraid your suggestion cant help _the service of their shop. (improve)I couldnt help _by the beauty of the West Lake. (strike)联想：像这样的动词还有哪些? _考点五：1. We dont allow _here. We dont allow students _. (smoke)2. I advise _more exercise. I advise her _more exercise. (take)总结： sb+ permit, allow, advise, forbid +_ (do) permit, allow, advise, forbid+sb/sth+_(do)sb/sth+ be + permitted, allowed, advised, forbidden+ _(do)考点六：动词的 ing 和 ed 形式的区别：1.The boy said in a _voice that he was _by the dog. (frighten)2.The _boy made his parents _a lot. (disappoint)3.What a _poem! The children got deeply _by it. (move)4.Your answer to this problem doesnt seem so _. (satisfy)小结：v-ing表：_ v-ed 表：_考点七：非谓语作补语的各种形式， 即 verb + object + (do/ doing/ done,)1. I saw the girl crossing the street when I went by the building.2. I saw the girl _ (cross) the street and run away. 3. The missing child was last seen _the kite near the river. (fly)4. I saw them _ (seat) in the hall.小结：see sb. doing 表：_ see sb. do sth. 表：_see sth done 表：_这类动词有：_Practice: 1. I studied English in prison from a book, but I have never heard a word of it_. (speak)2. Did you notice a little boy _from the tree and _his leg? (fall/hurt)3. They stood there watching the flag_. (raise)4. We found her greatly _ (change).5. Please keep me _ (inform) of the latest development.6. I discovered Mr. Jack _ (sit) near the fires, reading a book.四非谓语动词的重/难点难点一：动名词的复合结构 复合结构在句中做主语或宾语:His delaying answering her letter angered her greatly. Do you mind me/ my sitting beside you?Toms being murdered shocked all of us.1._（玛丽考试不及格）made her teacher angry.2._(他没有遵守诺言) disappointed all his classmates.3.Is there any hope of _（他会在实验中成功）?4.The whole nation was shocked by the news of _(总统被谋杀)。总结：动名词的复合结构做主语时只能用_作宾语时既可用_, 也可用_.:难点二：非谓语动词的时态/语态：1. Li Ming is said _ abroad. Do you know what country he studied in? (study) Li Ming is said _abroad. Do you know what country he studies in?(study)2. _the sad news, she burst into tears. (hear)_the news several times, he believed it true. (hear)3._her reply, she decided to write again. (not receive)4. _(show) around the lab, the visitors were taken to the playground.小结：非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词之前时，应用_ 难点三：1. He lifted a stone, only _his own foot. (hurt)2. He was always telling lies, thus _(lose) all of his friends in the end.小结：作结果状语时，to do 表：_ doing 表：_Practice：He escaped from the battlefield only _(kill) by the natives.难点四：几种特殊情况:1. What he wanted to do is _(download) some pop songs. 2. He had no choice but_( sit) there waiting.3. He could do nothing except (but)_( ask) for a lift.小结：_难点五：独立主格结构：分词作状语时，如果其逻辑与整个句子的主语不一致时，需要用独立主格结构。1. _(be) ill, he had to stay at home yesterday.2. His mother _(be) ill, he had to stay at home to look after her.Practice: 1. So many people _(be) absent, we decided to put the meeting off.2. All things _(consider), her paper is greater value than yours.3. The dance featured groups of girls, each _(try) to pick more cotton than the rest4. The teacher _(finish) the lesson, the students left the classroom.即学即练：1. Who is the man talking to our headmaster? A professor _(pay) a visit to our school.2. The music was so _ that the audience were _ to death. (bore )3. _(not have) any food since the night before, she felt very hungry now.4. Some of the experiments _ ( describe ) in the book are easy to perform.5._ (surround) by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender. 6. When he came back after an absence for 20 years, he found his hometown completely _ (change).7. A number of new machines were installed in the factory, thus _ (result) in an increase in production.8. _ (be)a teacher, I should set a good example to students. 9. The hair cream didnt sell well as _. (advertise)10. _ (save) time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb.11. The research is so designed that once _ (design ), nothing can be done to change it.12. The woman _(operate on) tomorrow was badly hurt in the accident the other day.13. Passengers are permitted _ (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.14. On hearing a phone call from his wife _ (say) she had a fall, Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office. 15. Recently a survey _(compare) prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.非谓语动词高考链接1.(2011全国卷) The next thing he saw was smoke _from behind the house.A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen2.(2011全国卷) The island, _ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined3.(2011全国卷) Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_ nothing about the argument. A. says B. said C. to say D. saying4.(2011北京卷) Its important for the figures _ regularly.A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated5.(2011北京卷) Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _ on you feet.A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept6.(2011天津卷) Passengers are permitted _only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried7.(2011天津卷)_into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated8. (2011上海春招)_in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the original fun park. A. Opened B. Having opened C. Opening D. Being opened9.(2011上海春招) Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars _as a carpenter before. A. to work B. to be working C. to have worked D. to have been working10. (2011山东卷) Look over theretheres a very long, winding path_ up to the house.A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead11. (2011江苏卷) Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.Acompared Bcomparing Ccompares Dbeing compared12.(2011福建卷) Tsinghua University, _ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded13.(2011福建卷) The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable _.A. held B. holding C. be held D. to hold14.(2011安徽卷) Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier_into small pieces.A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break15. (2011浙江卷) Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some _a life span of around 20 years.A. having B had C. have D. to have16. (2011浙江卷) Even the best writers sometimes find themselves_ for words.A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost17. (2011浙江卷) If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city _by their enthusiastic supporters.A. being cheered B. be cheered C. to be cheered D. were cheered18.(2011四川卷) _an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer19. (2011重庆卷) More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _ peoples concern over food safety.A. to raise B. raising C. to have raised D. having raised20.(2011重庆卷) Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ of his own dreams.A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind21.(2011陕西卷)More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel form one place to another. A. making B. made C. to make D. having made22.(2011湖南卷)The ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself A expressing B expressed C to express D to be expressed23. (2011湖南卷) Do you wake up every morning _energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt24.(2011辽宁卷)_ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering25.(2011江西卷) On receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall, Mr. Gorden immediately rushed home from his office. A. says B. said C. saying D. to say26.(2011辽宁卷) Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read fast.A. what B. who C. how D. why27.（2014安徽卷）While waiting for the opportunity to get , Henry did his best to perform his duty.A. promote B. promoted C. promoting D. to promote28.（2014福建卷） _ the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age. A. Spending B. Spent C. Having spent D. To spend29.（2014福建卷）For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying _. A. connected B. connecting C. to connect D. to be connected30.（2014湖南卷）_ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. A. Understanding B. To be understood C. Being understood D. Having understood31.（2014湖南卷）ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness. A. Having freed B. Freed C. To free D. Freeing32.（2014江苏卷）His lecture_, a lively question-and-answer session followed.A. being given B. having givenC. to be given D. having been given33.（2014江西卷）_nearly all our money , we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel .A. Having spent B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent34.（2014江西卷）He is thought _foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job .A. to act B. to have acted C. acting D. having acted35.（2014山东卷）There is a note pinned to the door_ when the shop will open again. A. saying B. says C. said D. having said 36.（2014山东卷）Its standard practice for a company like this one_ a security officer. A. employed B. being employed C. to employ D. employs 37.（2014四川卷） I hope to take the computer course. Good idea. _ more about it, visit this website. A. To find out B. Finding out C. To be finding out D. Having found out38.（2014天津卷）Clearly and thoughtfully_, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. A. writing B. to write C. written D. being written39.（2014浙江卷 ）Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _ to guard her. A. to appoint B. appointing C. appointed D. having appointed40.（2014重庆卷 ）The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras _ to our shop for quality problems. A. turning B. returned C. to turn D. to be returned