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专题十四 复合句宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句,河北中考五年命题规律及趋势 考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值宾语从句201638时态及语态praises/praised/is praised/was_praised1分201640语序及疑问词where Im going/how_Im_going/why Im planning/when Im planning1分201540how they are playing/what_they_are_doing /where they are going/why they are practicing1分201445引导词和语意where you buy the tickets/why you like to go there/if_youd_like_to_come_along/when you watch the match1分201344201245引导词和时态what it is/what it was/where_it_is/where it was1分what_they_say/what they said/which they say/which they said1分 宾语从句为河北近5年中考的必考点。单项选择题对宾语从句的考查侧重其引导词、语序、时态，一般都会涉及至少两个考查点。主要表现在三方面：语序正确，但引导词和时态不同；引导词相同，但语序和时态不同；时态一致，但引导词和语序不同。语句设置多为2个单句，词数为1314。而且宾语从句通常会出现一些固定的词语，如：I wonder，Can you tell me，I didnt understand等。定语从句在2012年之前为单项选择的必考点，但2012年之后考纲明确规定单选中不再涉及对定语从句的考查，而是在语篇阅读中渗透对定语从句的考查。预测2017年河北中考的单项选择必定会出现1道题来考查宾语从句，至少涉及2个考查点。,河北中考重难点突破 宾语从句【满分点拨】宾语从句构成规则例句连接词1.that在从句中作宾语时可以省略；作主语时不能省略；2what，when，where，how，whatever，whenever，wherever，who，whom，whose等特殊疑问词作连接词；3当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，连接词用whether或if，表示“是否”。Could you tell me if/whether it snows in winter in Australia？你能告诉我澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？Please tell me how you go to school.请告诉我你怎样去学校的。语序从句一律用陈述语序，即主语谓语。Do you know where Tom lives？你知道汤姆住哪儿吗？时态1.主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应时态。I hear Joe left for Beijing yesterday.我听说乔昨天去北京了。I hear Joe will leave for Beijing.我听说乔要去北京了。2.主句是过去时，从句使用过去时的某种形式。Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.凯特说昨天这个时间她在看电视。Kate said she was going to school soon.凯特说她马上去学校。3.从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun.胡老师说地球绕着太阳转。 注意：在介词之后，动词不定式之前或在or之前，只用whether，不用if。如：I cant decide whether to buy this bike or not.我不能决定是否买这辆自行车。【考点抢测】一、连词成句。1he，math，is，than，difficult，English，think_He_thinks_math_is_more_difficult_than_English/He_thinks_English_is_more_difficult_than_math_2know，rain，whether，evening，I，it，this，dont_I_dont_know_whether_it_will_rain_this_evening_3very，think，your，I，is，nice，dress_I_think_your_dress_is_very_nice_4know，I，to，if，come，he，tomorrow，want_I_want_to_know_if_he_will_come_tomorrow_二、单项选择。( C )5.(2016石家庄新华区中考模拟)Could you tell me _ tomorrow?Shanghai.Ahow they are playingBwhat they are doingCwhere they are goingDif they are flying there( A )6.(2016石家庄新华区中考模拟)Look at the thick black clouds.It _ as if its going to rain.Aseems BseemedCis seemed Dseem( A )7.(2016升学三模)I wonder _They are friendly and easy to take care of.Awhy people keep pet dogsBwhen people walk pet dogsChow people keep pet dogsDwhere people buy pet dogs( D )8.(2016河北升学四模)Could you tell me _？Its ten minutes by bike.Awhere your school isBwhat your school is likeCwhich bus you take to schoolDhow far it is from your home to school( A )9.(2016裕华区中考模拟)Could you tell me _ for travelling this summer?We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Sanya.Awhere your family will goBhow will your family goChow your family will goDwhere will your family go( D )10.(2016张家口升学二模)My father has gone to Shanghai for business.Im not sure _Ahow he came backBwhen he came backChow he will go thereDwhen he will come back 状语从句【满分点拨】 河北中考对状语从句的考查一般都会和从属连词相结合，主要在状语从句中考查从属连词的运用与辨析。学生对此部分的学习可与专题五结合。具体用法如下：状语从句的分类从句的引导词例句时间状语从句when/while/as(当时)，before(在之前)，after(在之后)，since(自从)，notuntil(直到才)，as soon as(一就)I was doing my homework when my mother came in.当我妈妈进来的时候，我正在写作业。He did not go to bed until his father came back.直到爸爸回来他才去睡觉。条件状语从句if(如果)，as long as(只要)，unless(除非)Unless bad weather stops me，I go for a walk every day.我每天都会去散步，除非遇上坏天气。原因状语从句because(因为)，since(既然)，as(由于)I like to eat apples because its good for my health.我喜欢吃苹果，因为它对我的健康有益。Since everyone is here，lets begin our meeting.既然每个人都在这儿，我们开始开会吧。目的状语从句so that(以便，为了)，in order that(为了)He gets up early every morning so that he can catch the bus.他每天早上起得都很早，以便能赶上公交车。结果状语从句so that(结果是)，sothat/suchthat(如此以至于)Its so hot that nobody wants to go out.天太热，以至于没人想出去。续表 状语从句的分类从句的引导词例句让步状语从句though/although(尽管，虽然)，even if(即使)，whatever(无论什么)，wherever(无论哪里)，whenever(无论何时)Wherever you go，I will go with you.无论你去哪儿，我都跟着你。Whenever you come，I will wait for you.无论你什么时候来，我都会等你。比较状语从句than(比)，asas(和一样)，not as/soas(不如)He is as tall as Tom.他和汤姆一样高。地点状语从句where(的地方)，wherever(无论哪里)Sit wherever you like.请随便坐。注意：英语中有些时间和条件状语从句必须遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为一般将来时态时，它所引导的状语从句使用一般现在时表达将来的意思，这时主句和从句所表达的时态在意义上仍然保持一致。常见的应使用“主将从现”原则的连词有：表示时间的when，while，after，before，until，till，whenever，as soon as，as long as，once等；表示条件的if，unless，so long as，in case等。【考点抢测】( C )1.(2016张家口升学一模)Danny didnt see the cat catching a fish because he _ the NBA game.Awatches Bis watchingCwas watching Dwatched( A )2.(2015石家庄40中模拟)When will your aunt leave for Shanghai?I dont know，but Ill call you as soon as she _.Aleaves Bwill leaveCleft Dleave( C )3.(2016石家庄43中模拟)We left home early yesterday._，we arrived there on time.Ain order to Bso thatCas a result Dso( D )4.(2016石家庄43中模拟)This exercise is _ difficult _ .Aso；that few of us can doBsuch；that few of us can do itCsuch；that few of us can doDso；that few of us can do it( D )5.(2016路南区升学模拟一)Our math teacher _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here when he was 23 years old.Ahas taught；has comeBtaught；comesCtaught；cameDhas taught；came( B )6.(2016路南区升学质检一)You _ lose your way if you walk alone in the mountains at night.Ashould BmayCneed Dought to 定语从句【满分点拨】关系词功能先行词例句that，who主语、宾语、表语whom，that宾语人、物Do you know the girl who/that often comes here？你认识经常来这儿的那个女孩吗？Hes the boy(whom/that) I talked with just now.他就是刚才和我说话的男孩。that，which主语、宾语、表语事、物A dictionary is a book that/which gives the meaning of words.字典是一本解释单词意思的书。时间Ill never forget the days(that/which) we spent together.我将永远不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。地点The school(that/which) we visited yesterday is a famous one in Shanghai.昨天我们参观的那个学校是上海的一所名校。注意：定语从句中引导词只能用that的情况： (1)当先行词为anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时，只能使用“that”。如：Is there anything that I can do for you？我能为你做点什么吗？(2)当先行词为all，any，much，many等词时，只能使用“that”。如：Tom told her mother all that had happened.汤姆把事情的全部情况告诉了他的妈妈。(3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”。如：This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.这是我度过的最美好的时光。(4)当先行词是被序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”。如：He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。(5)当先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时，只能使用“that”。如：This will be the last chance that he can get.这将会是他可以得到的最后一次机会。He is the only person that can help you out.他是唯一能帮你的人。(6)先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能使用“that”。如：They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈论他们记得的有关学校的事和人。(7)当主句是以who，which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who时，只能使用“that”。如：Which is the book that he borrowed from the library yesterday？哪本书是他昨天从图书馆借的？【考点抢测】( B )1.(2016保定区升学调研)You know，this is the fifth time that I _ your beautiful city.I really like it.Awill visit Bhave visitedCam visiting Dwas visiting( A )2.(2016路北区九年级一模)Which song do you like better，Lucy?I prefer the song Little Apple _ can attract many people.Awhich BwhoCwhom Dwhere( D )3.(2016路北区九年级三模)We all like the story about the boy _ happened in our neighborhood last week.Awho BwhatCwhom Dwhich( C )4.The designers _ helped us build the library are from the UK.Awhich BwhomCwho Dwhose ( A )5.The school and teachers _ he loves so much often come into his dreams.Athat BwhoCwhich Dwhom( B )6.I will never forget the days during _ I lived with my closest friend.Athat BwhichCwho Dwhen( A )7.That is the girl from _ you borrowed the book yesterday.Awhom BwhoseCthat Dwho ,河北中考考点精练( D )1.(2016重庆中考)Do you know_？Let me see.I remember it was on March 18th.Awhy did they move hereBwhy they moved hereCwhen did they move hereDwhen they moved here( B )2.(2016黑龙江中考改编)I dont know if you_to Marys party next Sunday.If you go，_Ago；so will I Bwill go；so will ICwill go；so do I Dgo; so do I ( B )3.(2016临沂中考)Sweet wormwood (青蒿)is a common plant in China.Tu Youyou is the woman_used the plants special power to save millions of lives.Awhich BwhoCwhose D/( B )4.(2016随州中考)The policeman has caught the thief_stole Mr.Lis wallet.Awhose BwhoCwhom Dwhich( B )5.(2016兰州中考)This is one of the most interesting cities_I have ever visited.Awho BthatCwhich Dwhere( A )6.(2016黄石中考)Xiandao Lake in Yangxin is the famous place_well visit next week.Athat BwhoCWhere Dwhom( B )7.(2016淮安中考)Have you found the information about famous scientists_you can use for the report?Not yet.Ill search some on the Internet.Awhere BwhichCwhat Dwho( A )8.(2016南宁中考)I dont like the people_dont help others when they are in troble.Awho BwhichCwhose Dwhat( A )9.(2016长沙中考改编)What are you doing，Tim?I am listening to the song Long Live_makes me feel excited.Awhich BwhoC/ Dwhom( C )10.(2016长春中考)Mr.Chen is a teacher_I want to learn from.He is so knowledgeable.Awhich BwhenCwho Dwhat9
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