高考英语二轮复习 考点题组训练 专题7 动词的时态和语态1

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专题7 动词的时态和语态1(2016新课标)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.1usingused句意:每天他都确保用于烹饪的是新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油。此处表示被动含义,be used for“被用来做”。2(2016新课标)It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.2hadhave句意:有些人甚至要在外面等。此处是在介绍现在的情况,故用一般现在时。3(2016新课标)Some classmates suggest we go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea.3thoughtthink句意:我认为这是一个好主意。根据前句中的suggest可知,本句应用一般现在时。4(2016四川)Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mothers Day.We get up early in the morning.4getgot句意:我们那天早上起得早。根据上句中的planned可知,事情发生在过去,故应用一般过去时。5(2015新课标)When I was a child,I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.5thinkthought句意:我原认为在那儿将会很快乐。根据上下文可知,此处指过去的想法,该用过去时。6(2015新课标)Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.6去掉been句意:许多研究表明,全球变暖已经成为了一个非常严重的问题。分析句意可知,studies与show之间为主动关系,不需要用被动语态。7(2015新课标)Tony was scared and begun to cry.7begunbegan句意:托尼害怕了,开始哭了起来。begin是不及物动词,没有被动语态,不能与scared并列,而是与was并列,因此须用过去式。8(2015陕西)My mum makes the best biscuits in the world,so I decide to ask her for help.Mum taught me some basic steps of baking.8decidedecided句意:我母亲做的饼干是世界上最好吃的,因此我决定向她求助。根据文意及下文的时态可知,此文记述过去发生的事情,须用过去时。9(2015四川)As I tell you last time,I made three new friends here.9telltold句意:正如我上次告诉你的那样,我在这里交上了三位新朋友。根据时间状语last time可知,此句需要用一般过去时。10(2014新课标).for all these yearswe had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please.10hadhave句意:这些年来,我们一直允许圣女果在适合它们生长的地方自我繁衍。本句的时间状语是all these years,根据文意可知,指现在还一直在进行的事情,须用现在完成进行时。11(2014广西)The understanding between two friends means both of them have similar ideas and trusting each other.11trustingtrust句意:朋友间的相互理解就意味着两个人都要有相似的观点并相互信任。根据句意分析可知,本句的宾语从句中有两个并列谓语。12(2014浙江)I was taking a train to Londons Victoria Station.I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people.12去掉had句意:我注意到车厢里很吵闹,挤满了人。由前句可知叙述的是过去发生的一件事情,而不是过去的过去的事情,不需要使用过去完成时。13(2014浙江)Before long,a train inspector comes to check our tickets.A passenger realized he couldnt find his ticket.13comescame句意:不久,列车员过来检票了由下句可知讲述的是过去发生的事情,所以使用一般过去时。14(2014辽宁)This morning she starts barking even before 5 oclock.14startsstarted句意:今天早晨,她甚至五点之前就开始叫起来了。本句叙述的是今天早晨发生的事情,为过去所发生的事情,所以用一般过去时。15(2014陕西)My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven.My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.15comecame句意:我的叔叔们带着狩猎的弓箭一起来了。由上文“When I was seven”可知讲述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。1(2016新课标,62)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprofit Panda Base,where ticket money helps pay for research.I _(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre.1was allowed句意:在这个占地六百英亩的中心,我被允许靠近这些可爱的动物。由语境可知作者被允许接近这些动物,故用一般过去时的被动语态。2(2016新课标,62)Truly elegant chopsticks might _(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.2be made句意:真正考究的筷子可能是由具有中国特色的金或银制成的。make和chopsticks之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态,空格前有might,所以用be made。3(2016四川,61)The giant panda _(love)by people throughout the world.3is loved句意:大熊猫被全世界人民所喜爱。主语the giant panda和动词love构成被动关系,故应用一般现在时的被动语态。4(2016四川,69)Then,after two and a half years,the mother _(drive)the young panda away.4drove句意:然后,两年半之后这位母亲赶走了熊猫宝宝。根据句意可知,此处应用一般过去时。5(2016浙江,5)While online shopping _(change)our life,not all of its effects have been positive.5has changed句意:尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活,但是并不是所有的影响都是积极的。主语是online shopping,结合语境以及后面的have been可知,这里要用现在完成时。6(2016浙江,9)Silk _(become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.6had become句意:到公元前100年为止,丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。by about 100 BC是时间状语,这里强调到公元前100年为止,所以要用过去完成时。7(2016北京,21)Jack _(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.7was working句意:杰克正在实验室里工作的时候突然停电了。本句使用了be doing sth.when.句式,表示“正在做某事,突然”,此时主句用过去进行时,分句用一般过去时。8(2016北京,23)Excuse me,which movie are you waiting for?The new Star Wars.We _(wait)here for more than two hours.8have been waiting句意:对不起,你们在等什么电影?新版的星球大战。我们在这里等了两个多小时了。根据时间状语判断,语境表示在过去很长时间里一直在做某事,并且还将继续,此时应用现在完成进行时。9(2016北京,25)I _(read)half of the English novel,and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.9have read句意:这本英语小说我已经读了一半,这个周末我将尽力把它读完。语境表示“已经读了一半”,应该用现在完成时表示过去发生并且对现在有影响的动作。10(2016北京,30)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _(reward)with success in the end.10will be rewarded句意:这些学生一直在努力学习功课,他们的努力最终会以成功作为回报。由语境可知,学生的努力会得到回报是将来的动作,故用一般将来时;reward和their efforts之间是被动关系,故用被动语态。11(2016天津,3)When walking down the street,I came across David,whom I _(see)for years.11hadnt seen句意:在街上散步时,我偶遇了大卫。我已经很多年没见过他了。“我很多年没见过他”发生在came across之前,表示“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。12(2015新课标,61)It was raining lightly when I _(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.12arrived句意:黄昏前我到达阳朔时正下着小雨,但是我不在意。由主句 “It was raining.” 可知这里应用一般过去时。13(2015新课标,68)This cycle _(go)day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.13goes句意:这个循环日复一日的进行主语this cycle为单数形式;结合时间状语day after day可知,表示经常发生的情况,须用一般现在时,故填goes。14(2015北京,30)Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right.I_(call)him later.14will call句意:杰克逊医生现在不在办公室。好的。我一会儿打给他。根据发话者的is not.at the moment及答语中的later可知,在这种情况下,答话者将晚点打电话给他,用一般将来时态。15(2015北京,22)Did you enjoy the party?Yes,we _(treat)well by our hosts.15were treated句意:你喜欢那个派对吗?喜欢,我们受到了主人热情的款待。根据上一句的时态可知,这里使用一般过去时态;we和treat之间是被动关系,所以这里使用被动语态。结合起来这里用一般过去时的被动语态。16(2015北京,27)Did you have difficulty finding Anns house?Not really.She _(give)us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.16had given句意:你们找到安的家费了很大力气吗?没有。她给了我们清楚的指示,所以我们很容易就找到了。因为找到安的家发生在过去,所以安给出指示应该发生在过去的过去,所以这里使用过去完成时态。17(2015福建,26)To my delight,I_(choose)from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.17was chosen句意:令我高兴的是,在成百上千的申请者中我被选中参加开幕式。主语和谓语是被动关系,所以要用被动语态,而且发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。18(2015湖南,22)As you go through this book,you _(find)that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience.18will find句意:当你浏览这本书的时候,你会发现那些经历过二战的几百万人中,每一个人都有不同的经历。时间状语从句使用的是一般现在时态,所以主句使用一般将来时。19(2015湖南,25)I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I _(ask),“What do you wish me to do now?”19asked句意:当我问“你希望我现在做什么?” 的时候我掩饰不住自己的渴望。因为主句使用的是一般过去时态,所以when引导的从句使用一般过去时。20(2015安徽,22)If you come to visit China,you _(experience)a culture of amazing depth and variety.20will experience句意:如果你来中国参观,你就会体验有着惊人深度且多元化的文化。因为if条件句使用的是一般现在时态,所以主句使用一般将来时。21(2015安徽,24)Just as I got to the school gate,I realised I _(leave)my book in the cafe.21had left句意:当我到达学校门口的时候,我才意识到我把我的书落在了咖啡馆里。由句意可知我“到达校门口”发生在过去,“丢书”在这个动作在前,所以这里使用过去完成时。22(2015安徽,29)It is reported that a space station _(build)on the moon in years to come.22will be built句意:据报道,在未来的几年里,月球上将会建起一个太空站。根据时间状语in years to come可知,本句使用一般将来时,又因为space station与build之间是被动关系,所以这里使用被动语态。结合起来,这里使用一般将来时的被动语态。23(2015四川,4)More expressways _(build)in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.23will be built句意:为了促进当地经济发展,更多的高速公路将很快在四川建造。根据时间状语soon及expressways与build之间的被动关系可知应用will be built,即一般将来时的被动语态。24(2015陕西,22) Marty _(work)really hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday.24has been working句意:马蒂一直非常卖力地在写他的书,并且他觉得到星期五他就会写完了。现在完成进行时态表示发生在过去的动作持续到现在并没有结束,将一直持续下去。25(2015天津,6)Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she _(teach)a class at that time.25will be teaching句意:琼不能出席今天下午3点的会议了,因为在那个时间她正在上课。at that time提示此处表示将来的某个时间点将正在发生的动作。26(2015天津,9)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement _(reach)so far by the two sides.26has been reached句意:尽管先前进行了几轮的谈判,但是迄今为止,两边还没有达成任何协议。考查现在完成时态,提示词为so far,由agreement可知用单数形式。27(2014新课标,61)In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland,Ohio.It _(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.27was句意:在1969年,俄亥俄州克利夫兰市附近的凯霍加河沿岸污染严重,难以想象它能够被清理干净。根据前一句的in 1969及本句中从句的时态判断,本句应用一般过去时。28(2014新课标,45).So I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike _(catch)my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.28caught句意:我能很好地看到人行道,一个骑自行车的男孩子吸引了我的注意。他在公交车旁边骑行并挥舞着手臂。所填的词是句子的谓语,根据上下文时态可知,catch my attention发生在过去,故填caught。29(2016江西南昌高三10月联考).for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal safety could not _(guarantee)29be guaranteed句意:因为如果他们的个人安全得不到保障,那么就会有越来越多的学生退学。分析条件状语从句中主语与谓语动词的关系可知,应用被动语态。30(2014广西,22)Unless some extra money _(find),the theatre will close.30is found句意:如果找不到额外的资金,这家剧院就会关闭。主句用一般将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来;money与find是被动关系,故填is found,构成一般现在时的被动语态。31(2014山东,5)They made up their minds that they _(buy)a new house once Larry changed jobs.31would buy句意:他们决定一旦拉里换工作,就购置新房。由主句时态判断,buy是在过去某个时间看来将要发生的,故填would buy。32(2014四川,9)She _(phone)someone,so I nodded to her and went away.32was phoning句意:她正在给人打电话,所以我冲她点了点头就走开了。根据从句判断,phone是过去某时正在发生的动作,故填was phoning。33(2014北京,31)What time is it?I have no idea.But just a minute,I_(check)it for you.33will check句意:几点了?我也不知道。等一下,我帮你看一下。根据语境可知,check是临时打算要做的动作,故用will do,表示将来。34(2014重庆,8)James has just arrived,but I didnt know he _(come)until yesterday.34was coming句意:詹姆斯刚刚到,但是直到昨天我才知道他要来。结合语境可知,我过去不知道他要来,表示“过去将要”,故填was coming。35(2014陕西,22)During his stay in Xian,Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends_(recommend)35had recommended句意:在西安逗留期间,杰瑞几乎品尝了他的朋友推荐的所有的地方名吃。结合句意可知,“推荐”发生在“品尝”之前,因此用过去完成时。36(2014福建,23)Havent seen you for ages!Where haveyou been?I went to Ningxia and_(stay)there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.36stayed句意:好几年没见你了!你去哪儿了?我去了宁夏,在那儿待了一年,作为一名志愿者在那里教学。根据句意,在宁夏待了一年是发生在过去的事情,故应填stayed。37(2014安徽,23)The twins,who _(finish)their homework,were allowed to play badminton on the playground.37had finished句意:那对双胞胎已完成家庭作业,他们被允许在操场上打羽毛球。结合句意可知finish动作在were allowed前发生,表示“过去的过去”,故填had finished。38(2013安徽,24)Im calling about the apartment you _(advertise)the other day.Could you tell me more about it?38advertised句意:我打电话咨询一下你们前几天在广告中介绍的那座房子,你能不能给我详细介绍一下?由句中的时间状语the other day可知,这里要用一般过去时。39(2013陕西,11)On Monday mornings it usually_(take)me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.39takes句意:虽然实际距离只有20英里,但是在每周一的早上我开车去上班通常会花费一个小时。根据句子中的时间状语on Monday mornings和副词usually暗示可知,应该用一般现在时,强调动作的反复性。1解决时态类考题时,首先要判断所需成分是句子的谓语动词,因为只有句子才有时态,而句子的时态是通过谓语动词的不同形式来体现的。如通过过去式,have done,be doing,will do等来分别表明过去时、完成时、将来时等。 (2015浙江)My old classroom was interesting.The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid.【解析】iswas句意:从教室后面看,景色也很好。根据文章内容可知,叙述过去的事情,须用过去时。 (2014山东,1)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more timeconsuming than we _(expect)【解析】had expected句意:用手写所有请柬要比我们所预料的更耗费时间。根据句子结构可判断出,要填的词是than引导的比较状语从句的谓语动词,再根据was及“我们预料”确定,expect是过去的过去发生的动作,所以填had expected,构成过去完成时。2确定属于句子的谓语动词之后,再通过在题干中寻找时间状语,观察上下文提供的语境,以及前后时态的呼应等来判断使用正确的时态,从而正确填写或改正句中的时态。解题的关键在于瞻前顾后,准确捕捉与时间相关的信息。 (2015北京,26)In the last few years,China _(make)great achievements in environmental protection.【解析】has made句意:最近一些年,中国在环保方面取得了很大的成就。根据时间状语In the last few years可知,这里使用现在完成时态。 (2015福建,30)Where is Peter?I cant find him anywhere.He went to the library after breakfast and_(write)his essay there ever since.【解析】has been writing句意:彼得去哪里了?我到处都找不到他。早餐后他去图书馆了,自从那时他一直在写论文。由ever since可知用现在完成时态,而且动作一直持续,所以用现在完成进行时。3被动语态类考题的解题关键在于判断句子的主语与谓语动词之间是否是被动关系,但是被动语态的考查总是与句子时态一起,即确定是被动语态之后,还要通过相关的时间状语判断出是哪一种时态的被动语态,这样才能确保填写准确的答案或改正相应的错误。 (2014辽宁,66)Tai Chi _(call)“shadow boxing” in English.【解析】is called句意:太极在英文中被称为“shadow boxing”。所填词是句子的谓语,和句子的主语Tai Chi 是被动关系,表示“被称为”意义;句子说的是事实,应用一般现在时,故填is called。 (2014广东,18)We _(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week.【解析】were told句意:我们被告知我们预订的房间不是那一周的所填词是句子的谓语,和句子的主语we是被动关系,表示“我们被告知”;由从句时态判断出动作发生在过去,用一般过去时的被动语态,故填were told。1(2016福建福州十三中期中考试)Today Ive got wonderful news to tell you.I had been offered a job at a company in England for my good performance.1hadhave句意:我今天有好消息要告诉你,我以良好的表现在英国一家公司得到了一份工作。根据句意可知,指目前的结果用现在完成时。2(2016湖南衡阳八中二模)To everyone in the world,money was a sensitive topic.2wasis句意:对于世界上每个人来说,钱都是一个敏感的话题。根据句意可知,表示一种客观事实,须用一般现在时。3(2016四川成都外国语学校高三月考)I wept and said I do want to do my best but I just couldnt concentrate.3dodid句意:我哭了,说我的确想尽力而为,但是就是不能专注。根据全文意思及本句前面的并列分句可知,此处指过去的情况,须用过去时。4(2016四川成都外国语学校高三月考)One evening,a man visited me and after a while,he inquires about my studies.4inquiresinquired句意:一天晚上,有个人来看我,过了一会儿,他询问了我的学习情况。根据句意可知,指那天晚上发生的事情,须用一般过去时。1(2016安徽合肥八中第一次段考)He had wild black hair flecked with gray and _(wear)a pink shirt and silk slippers.1was wearing句意:他乱乱的黑发中长有些许白发,身穿粉红色的衬衫,脚上穿着一双丝绸拖鞋。由于描述当时所穿的衣服、鞋子等,故用过去进行时。2(2016福建福州十三中期中考试)Then he _(hide)behind a tree and waited.2hid句意:于是,他躲在树后等待着。根据and后面的waited可知,与之并列的动作也发生在过去,须用一般过去时。3(2016福建福州十三中期中考试)“The night _(be)very dark.Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”3will be句意:“夜晚将会漆黑,一些邻居漆黑中过来就会被这块石头绊倒。”根据后面句子中的will come along可知,指将会发生的情况。4(2016山东临沭一中高三第一次月考)At my school,“dress down” tickets _(sell)on school days.4are sold句意:我们学校上学日都有“免穿校服”券出售。分析tickets与sell的语义关系可知,应用一般现在时的被动语态。5(2015四川岳池中学高考一轮)I noticed a man sitting at the front.He _(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.5was pretending句意:我注意到前面坐着一个男人,他一直佯称老虎玩具是真的并为它配音。pretend是过去动作“注意到前面坐着一个男人”发生时正在发生的,故本句用过去进行时。6(2015广西南宁第一次适应性检测)Oh,it looks like Professor Brown is here.I _(talk) to you some more after class.6will talk句意:奥,好像布朗教授在这里,下课后再和你聊。根据前一句的时态及after class判断,talk是将要发生的动作,故填will talk。7(2015黑龙江大庆高三二模)Years ago,when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries,I _(live) in the heart of the city.7lived句意:多年前,我是一个穷画家,试着在一家当地的美术馆卖画。那时,我住在市中心。由years ago判断,句子用一般过去时,故填lived。8(2015广西梧州、崇左高三摸底考)She also _(believe) in healthy diet.And she requires us to have regular meals.8believes句意:她相信健康饮食,并且要求我们按时吃饭。根据后一句的时态判断,句子用一般现在时;she作主语,故填第三人称单数形式believes。9(2015山东淄博高三一摸底)We jumped out of the windows as he came in through the door and _(go) into the kitchen to take some food for the first time.9went句意:他从门口进来时,我们从窗户跳了出去,第一次从厨房里拿了一些食物。and连接并列谓语,go的形式与前面的jumped一致,故填went。10(2015河南洛阳第一次统考)I immediately responded with a smile and my heart felt free of the stress that I _(carry)10was carrying/had been carrying句意:我立刻报以微笑,而且我心中所带的压力也释放了。根据felt free判断,定语从句的谓语动词carry是过去某动作之前在进行的/持续的,可用过去进行时或过去完成进行时,故可填was carrying或had been carrying。11(2014山西运城期末调研)Every answer I gave _(receive) by a frown from the manager.11was received句意:我的每一个答案经理都是皱眉反应。所填词是句子的谓语,与单数主语every answer之间是被动关系;根据从句时态判断用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was received。12(2014甘肃会宁五中第三次月考)I remembered she once _(tell) me that she would not fall in love with a darkhaired guy.12told句意:我记得她曾告诉我她不会爱上黑头发的家伙。根据主句时态及once判断本空填told。13(2014云南师大附中适应性月考四)Pariss cultural diversities _(present) widely by the fact that many worldwide designers are pleased to show up with their new designs.13are presented句意:巴黎文化的多样化是通过许多世界级的设计师喜欢展示他们的新设计这个事实体现的。所填词是句子的谓语,与复数主语diversities之间是被动关系;根据从句时态判断用一般现在时的被动语态,故填are presented。14(2014江西南昌高三二模)He told me that he _(overhear) the conversation with the coworker about helping the sick woman.14had overheard句意:他告诉我他无意中听到我与同事关于帮助那位生病的女士的对话。overhear发生在过去动作told之前,是“过去的过去”,用过去完成时,故填had overheard。常考的各种时态的主动和被动形式时态种类主动形式被动形式一般现在时do/doesis/am/are done一般过去时didwas/were done一般将来时will/shall dowill/shall be done过去将来时would dowould be done现在进行时is/am/are doingis/am/are being done过去进行时was/were doingwas/were being done现在完成时has/have donehas/have been done过去完成时had donehad been done现在完成进行时has/have been doinghas/have been being done将来进行时will be doingwill be being done 一般现在时(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作,通常用usually,often,always,sometimes,every day,once a week等作时间状语。 I usually have my hair cut once a month.The students often do their experiments in the lab.(2)表示客观真理、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。 The earth moves around the sun.A bird in hand is worth two in the bush.(3)表示按时间表、计划、规定发生的动作。 The train leaves at 2:35 this afternoon.(4)在主句是一般将来时的时间、条件、让步状语从句中代替将来时。 You will succeed if you try your best.Even if it rains tomorrow,the football match will take place. 现在进行时(1)表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 Our friends are waiting for us outside now.(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。 She is learning English at college.(3)某些短暂性动词,如come,go,start,open,close,arrive,return,begin,leave等用于进行时,表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。 My father is coming to see me this Saturday.He is leaving for Beijing next week.(4)某些动词的进行时表示慢慢地、渐渐地发生变化。 Im forgetting English.She is losing her eyesight.表示存在、拥有、认知、情感等的动词一般不用于进行时态,常见的有keep,stay,remain,consist of,contain,have,belong to,possess,own,hold,sound,look,seem,appear,smell,taste,feel,see,hear,understand,know,suppose,remember,admit,forget,believe,think,like,love,hate,prefer等。 现在完成时(1)表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果,常用recently,lately,ever,never,once,before,yet,just等作时间状语。 He hasnt heard any news from his son lately.Have you ever been to London?(2)表示开始于过去某一时刻,一直持续到现在而且还有可能继续下去的动作。常用so far,up till now,since,for a long time,in the past/last few years,these days等作时间状语。 So far no life has been found outside the earth.He has learned 5,000 English words since he went to college.(3)“This/It isthe 序数词time that.”句式中,that后的从句用现在完成时。 This is the second time that I have visited the university. 现在完成进行时(1)表示开始于过去某个时间、一直持续到现在而且还会继续进行下去的动作。 I am very tired.I have been painting the house all the afternoon.(2)表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直反复进行的动作。 I have been calling him several times this morning,but there is no answer.现在完成进行时与现在完成时现在完成进行时强调“动作”的持续性,表示“未完成”的含义;现在完成时则强调“时间”的经过或动作产生的“结果”,表示“已完成”的含义。 一般过去时(1)表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常用yesterday,last year,in 1995,the other day等作时间状语。 It was a terrible piece of work you turned in yesterday.He came to work here two weeks ago.(2)在时间、条件从句中代替过去将来时。 He said he would not go if it rained.(3)有些句子,虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语,但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态,也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know,think,expect等,表示“本来认为”。 I didnt expect to meet you here.I thought he had heard the news.一般过去时与现在完成时一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的事情、存在的状态或经常发生的动作,不强调对现在产生的影响,常与确定的过去时间状语连用;而现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或一直持续到现在,不和确定的过去时间状语连用。 过去完成时(1)表示在过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作,即“过去的过去”。 By the end of last term,we had learned 2,000 words.He had left before I got home.(2)hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等用于过去完成时,表示未实现的希望、打算或意图,意为“原本”。 We had expected that you would be able to win the match.(3)“It/This/That wasthe序数词timethat.”句式中,that后的从句用过去完成时。 It was the third time that he had made the same mistake.(4)“hardly/scarcely.when.”和“no sooner.than.”结构中,主句用过去完成时。 Hardly had the game started when it started to rain. 过去进行时(1)表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。 She was writing a book about China last year,but I dont know whether she has finished it.(2)表示过去一个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行。 It was raining as the medical team made its way to the front.He was watching TV in the living room when someone knocked at the door.(3)短暂性动词come,go,leave,arrive,begin等用于过去进行时,表示按计划、安排在过去某个时间将要发生的动作。 They were coming to attend the meeting a few days later. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。(1)“shall/will动词原形”表示将来,往往指客观上势必要发生的事情或没有计划,临时做出的打算。shall用于第一人称,will用于第二、三人称。 When will you be able to give us a reply?We shall have a lot of rain next month.Where
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