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浙江三门县2017高考英语九月阅读理解提能题【三】阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014湛江市普通高考测试一】When you make a mistake，big or small，cherish it as its the most precious thing in the world.Most of us feel bad when we make mistakes，beat ourselves up about it，feel like failures，and get mad at ourselves.And thats only natural：Most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad，and we should try to avoid mistakes.Weve been scolded when we make mistakesat home，school and work.Maybe not always，but probably enough times to make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.Yet without mistakes，we could not learn or grow.If you think about it that way，mistakes should be cherished and celebrated for being one of the most amazing things in the world：They make learning possible；they make growth and improvement possible.By trial and errortrying things，making mistakes，and learning from those mistakeswe have figured out how to make electric lights，to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel，and to fly.Mistakes make walking possible for the smallest toddler，make speech possible，and make works of genius possible.Think about how we learn：We dont just consume information about something and instantly know it or know how to do it.You dont just read about painting，or writing，or computer programming，or baking，or playing the piano，and know how to do them fight away.Instead，you get information about something，from reading or from another person or from observing usually.then you construct a model in your mind.then you test it out by trying it in the real world.then you make mistakes.then you revise the model based on the results of your real world experimentation.and repeat，making mistakes，learning from those mistakes，until youve pretty much learned how to do something.Thats how we learn as babies and toddlers，and how we learn as adults.Mistakes are how we learn to do something newbecause if you succeed in something，its probably something you already knew how to do.You havent really grown much from that successat most its the last step on your journey，not the whole journey.Most of the journey is made up of mistakes，if its a good journey.So if you value learning，if you value growing and improving，then you should value mistakes.They are amazing things that make a world of brilliance possible.1Why do most of us feel bad about making mistakes?ABecause mistakes make us suffer a lot.BBecause its a natural part in our life.CBecause weve been taught so from a young age.DBecause mistakes have ruined many peoples careers.2According to the passage，what is the right attitude to mistakes?AWe should try to avoid making mistakes.BWe should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes.CWe should treat mistakes as good chances to learn.DWe should make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.3The underlined word “toddler” in Paragraph 6 probably means_.Aa small child learning to walk Ba kindergarten child learning to drawCa primary pupil learning to read Da school teenager learning to write4We can learn from the passage that_.Amost of us can really grow from successBgrowing and improving are based on mistakesCwe learn to make mistakes by trial and errorDwe read about something and know how to do it right away5The author wants to tell us_.Awhat you should do when meeting with difficultiesBwhere you can find your mistakesChow you can avoid making mistakesDwhy you should celebrate your mistakes语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要说明错误是生活中不可避免的事情，我们应该正确对待错误，在修正错误中不断地学习和成长。1解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话中“Most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad，and we should try to avoid mistakes.”可知，C项符合题意。答案：C2解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When you make a mistake，big or small，cherish it as its the most precious thing in the world”以及下文的表述可推断，人们在错误中学习和提高，故选C项。答案：C3解析：词义猜测题。根据该词所在句子中“walking”和“smallest”可猜测，此处toddler应指“蹒跚学步的孩子”。句意为：错误使幼小的孩子学会走路成为可能，使学会讲话成为可能故选A项。答案：A4解析：推理判断题。根据第八段第三句话中“ You havent really grown much from that success”可知，A项与文章不符；根据第五段第一句话“By trial and errortrying things，making mistakes，and learning from those mistakes”可知，C项与文章不符；根据第七段第一、二句话可知，D项与文章不符。根据第四段中“they make growth and improvement possible”可推断B项与文章相符。答案：B5解析：推理判断题。文章开头提出了文章的写作主旨，即我们应该珍惜错误。全文叙述了为什么我们应该珍惜并庆祝我们的错误。答案：D。【2016高考英语阅读理解训练】阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案。 Ive reported about tigers on the news, however, nothing could have prepared me for what I found in India. I didnt know what to expect, so when I saw my first tiger in the wild, I was shocked. What a beautiful and powerful creature it is! But they live with a price on their heads a single tiger skin is worth up to 8,000, and their bones possibly more. Another problem is that farmers need to clear a large number of areas of the forest for their cattle. This means deer are losing their living places. As a result, tigers are losing their natural prey, so they end up eating the cattle. Tigers are not easy to live close to. I met a farmer who had been mauled by one. But despite (尽管) that, he told me everything had its place in the world and he had no right to kill the tiger. He was really kind. Those who work for the Tigers Forever Project realize that to ensure their survival, tigers dont only need space. They need space away from people. They are working to stop the conflict (冲突) between tigers and people by separating them. I visited a new town. People had been moved to it from a settlement in the forest. And it really has worked. It has given tigers a better life and better opportunities for the children of the resettled people. Only 2,500 tigers are now left in the wild in India. Three out of eight tiger sub-species have already disappeared. Tigers that once lived across Asia only survive in 7% of their original living places now. 1. What does the underlined word “mauled” mean?A. Hunted.B. Injured. C. Frightened.D. Killed.2. The following statements are all the factors reducing the population of tigers EXCEPT that .A. making money drives some people to hunt tigersB. tigers food chain is being destroyed C. the living places of tigers are disappearingD. people live far from where tigers live3. We can infer from the last paragraph that . A. there are only 2,500 tigers in the wild in IndiaB. tigers need space far from peopleC. if we dont protect tigers in Asia, they will die out thereD. children are happy to live far from tigers4. Whats the best title of the passage?A. Expensive tigers. B. More space for tigers. C. Tigers and cattle. D. A kind-hearted farmer. 参考答案1-4 BDCB 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 Big Brothers Big Sisters is based on the simplicity and power of friendship.It is a program which provides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable_young_people (ages 717) with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.Volunteer tutors come from all walks of lifemarried，single，with or without children. Big Brothers and Big Sisters are not replacement parents or social workers.They are tutors：someone to trust，to have fun with，to talk and go to when needed.A Big Sister and Little Sister will generally spend between one and four hours together three or four times each month for at least twelve months.They enjoy simple activities such as a picnic at a park，cooking，playing sport or going to a football match.These activities improve the friendship and help the young person develop positive selfrespect，confidence and life direction.Big Brothers Big Sisters organizations exist throughout the world.It is the largest and most wellknown provider of tutor services internationally and has been operating for 25 years.Emily and Sarah have been matched since March 2008.Emily is a 10yearold girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school.“I was pretty sure there was something wrong with me.”Emilys mum came across Big Brothers Big Sisters and thought it would be of benefit to Emily by “providing different feedback (反馈) about herself other than just relying on schoolmates to measure her selfworth.”Sarah wanted to get involved in a volunteer program.“I googled it and found out how to be a part of it.I thought it would be fun for me to get involved in making time to do something because sometimes its all work and no play.”Big Brothers Big Sisters has been of great benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah.They love and look forward to their time together and the partnership has certainly helped Emily be more comfortable in being the wonderful，happy and unique girl she is!【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Big Brothers Big Sisters这一活动的具体事宜及一些志愿者的反映。1What is the aim of Big Brothers Big Sisters?ATo offer students public services.BTo help students improve their grades.CTo organize sport activities for young people.DTo provide partnership and fun for young people.答案D考查细节理解。从第一段的“It is a program which provides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable young people (ages 717) with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.”可知，这是一个成人志愿者给感情上脆弱的年轻人提供友谊和快乐的项目。2A volunteer is usually expected to work within a year for at least _.A24 hours B36 hoursC48 hours D72 hours答案B考查推理判断。从第三段的第一句可知，志愿者们和这些年轻人每个月都会碰面三四次，每次都在一到四个小时之间，所以他们一年最少也会碰面36个小时。3According to Emilys mother，this program may provide Emily with _.Aadvice from her teachersBa new way to assess herselfCa new way to judge her schoolmatesDmore comments from her schoolmates答案B考查推理判断。从第六段的内容可知，Emily的妈妈认为Emily可以通过不同的反馈而不是只依靠同学们来估量自我价值。4Why did Sarah want to get involved in the program?AShe used to be a volunteer.BShe needed a parttime job.CShe felt a bit bored with her life.DShe wanted to get a challenging job.答案C考查细节理解。从第七段的“I thought it would be fun for me to get involved in making time to do something because sometimes its all work and no play.”可知，有时候只工作，不娱乐，这让Sarah感到生活乏味，这是她参加这个项目的原因。阅读理解、专题训练(*)、议论文的阅读阅读下列文章，按要求完成读写任务Healthy knees arent the main consideration in choosing high heels，but new research says chunky heels are just as bad for the knees as spindly stilettos(细高跟鞋)“It takes a long time to feel the effects of knee osteoarthritis (骨关节炎)and once you do it，it is too late，” said Dr.Casey Kerrigan，leading researcher of the study and associate professor at Harvard Medical Schools department of physical medicine.“I compare it to smokingone cigarette is not painful，but over a lifetime it is.Wideheeled shoes feel comfortable，so women wear them all day long，” Kerrigan said.“They are better for your feet than stiletto heels，but just as bad for your knees.”In the study，researchers had twenty women wear two pairs of shoes with threeinch heels，one with a narrow heel and the other with a thick one.The scientists compared how much pressure was put on the womens knees by both types of shoes.The women also walked barefoot to test normal pressure.The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.Compared with walking barefoot，the heels increased pressure on the inside of the knee by 26 percent.Increased pressure on the knee eventually leads to arthritis，experts say.The idea that high heels are bad for your health isnt newscientists have warned women for years that they contribute to problems ranging from corns to hammer toes，tendonitis，knee pain，sprained(扭伤)ankles and back problems.But in 1998，Kerrigan and a team of Harvard researchers were the first to link high heels and knee osteoarthritis，a painful joint disease that destroys cartilage(软骨)surrounding the knee.The first study looked only at stiletto heels，and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky highheeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.“This study confirms what we all intuitively(直觉地)know that highheeled shoes of any kind are not good for our health，” said Dr.Glem Pfeffer，a San Francisco doctor and member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons who was not connected to the study.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要_ _.根据所读短文，选择最佳选项1We learn from the passage that women choose chunky heels because _.Athey want to walk comfortably Bchunky heeled shoes are cheaper than stiletto heeled pairsCchunky heels do less harm to kneesDchunky heels are not painful at all2The study mentioned in the second paragraph found that _.Apressure on the foot is caused by high heelsBthe pressure is abnormal while walking barefootCarthritis is always caused by pressure on the kneesDboth types of shoes have the same harm to the knees3It can be inferred from the passage that _.Apeople got to know the high heels are bad for health recentlyBpeople have known the high heels are bad for health for yearsCpeople havent known the high heels are bad for health yetDpeople will be warned that the high heels are bad for health soon4Kerrigans late study looked at the chunky highheeled shoes because _.Athey feel more comfortableBthey are related to knee osteoarthritisCthey are worn by many womenDthey are different from stiletto heels5The best title for the passage may be _.ATalking Healthy Knees into ConsiderationBHighheels Do Harm to KneesCChunky Heels and Stiletto HeelsDWhen Wearing Highheels参考答案【三】The passage discusses the idea that high heels have bad effects on the knees by surveying and showing some facts and the reasons for it，so when choosing high heels we should consider our healthy knees.1解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Wide heeled shoes feel comfortable，so women wear them all day long”可知妇女选择粗高跟鞋是因为粗高跟鞋穿着舒服，A项与此意思相符。答案：A2解析：推理判断题。从第二段中的“The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.”可知，两种高跟鞋给膝关节带来的压力是等量的，所以它们对膝关节的伤害是一样的。答案：D3解析：细节理解题。根据第三段开头“The idea that high heels are bad for your health isnt newscientists have warned women for years that.”可知B项与此一致。答案：B4解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The first study looked only at stiletto heels，and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky high heeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.”可见，起初的研究对象只是细高跟鞋，Kerrigan后来对粗高跟鞋进行调查研究是因为她注意到许多妇女穿着粗高跟鞋。答案：C5解析：主旨大意题。本文主要论述了鞋跟粗厚的高跟鞋和鞋跟细高的高跟鞋一样，都对膝关节有损害。所以B选项“高跟鞋伤害膝关节”是最佳选项。答案：B
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