高考英语一轮阅读理解学生自选题一11

山东省曲阜市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解学生自选题一阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 【2016高考训练】Teachers say the digital age has had a good influence- and a not-so-good influence-on this generation of American teenagers. More than 2000 teachers took an online survey. Three-quarters of the teachers said the Internet and digital search tools have had a “ mostly positive” effect on their students research habits and skills. But 64 percent said the technologies “ do more to distract (使分心) students than to help them academically.” And 87 percent agreed that these technologies are creating an “ easily distracted generation with short attention spans.” The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the National Writing Project. Judy Buchanan is the vice director of the National Writing Project and a co-author of the report. Ms. Buchanan says digital research tools are helping students learn more and faster. “ Teachers really favor these tools because they are ways to make some of the learning exciting and engaging. Young people favor these tools. The goal is to really help them become creators of meaningful content, and not just sort of consumers.” But one problem the survey found is that many students lack digital literacy. They trust too much of the information they find on the Internet. Judy says these students havent developed the skills to determine the quality of online information. “ Its something that really has to be taught and paid attention to, because in a world in which things happen quickly, you do need to step back, reflect and analyze the information you have.” Another problem is blamed on something that might not seem like a problem at all: being able to quickly find information online. Teachers say the result is a reduction in the desire and ability of their students to work hard to find answers. They say students are overly dependent on search engines and do not make enough use of printed books or research libraries. Many teachers are also concerned that the Internet makes it easy for students to copy work done by others instead of using their own abilities.1 The text mainly tells us _. A. digital tools bring about benefits and problems B. the Internet is playing a key role C. teachers encourage using digital toolsD. all the students use digital tools 2 Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A. B C D (=Para 1, = Para 2, =Para 3, = Para 4, =Para 5)3 The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means _. A. students do not have the right digital tools B. students do not always have access to the Internet C. students cant judge online information properly D. students havent the ability to adjust themselves4 Some students dont tend to work hard because _. A. they can copy others work without being punished B. printed books and libraries around arent enough C. the Internet cant make students concentrate D. they can get answer on the Internet quickly 参考答案14、ACCD 社会文化（阅读理解） 一 (2013四川绵阳高三第二次诊断性考试)改编Although his one-year-old smart-phone still works perfectly,Li Jijia already feels the need to replace it.“There are many better ones available now.Its time to upgrade(更新)my phone.”Lis impatience is shared by many.Shortly after the season when new products are released,many consumers feel the urge to upgrade their electronic equipment,even though the ones they have still work just fine.As consumersminds are occupied by Apples newly released products and debate whether the Google tablet is better than the new Amazon Kindle,it might be time to take a step back and ask: “Do we really need the latest upgrades?”According to Donald Norman,an American author,“planned obsolescence (淘汰)” is the trick behind the upgrading culture of todays consumer electronics industry.Electronics producers strategically release new upgrades periodically,both for hardware and software,so that customers on every level feel the need to buy the newest version.“This is an old-time tricktheyre not inventing anything new,”Norman said.“This is a wasteful system through which companiesmany of them producing personal electronicsrelease poor-quality products simply because they know that,in six months or a year,theyll put out a new one.”But the new psychology of consumers is part of this system,as Norman admitted,“We now want something new,something pretty,the next shiny thing.” In its most recent year,Apples profit margin was more than 21 percent.At Hewlett-Packard,the worlds biggest PC maker,it was only 7 percent.Apples annual upgrades of its products create sales of millions of units as owners of one years MacBook or iPhone line up to buy the newest version,even when the changes are slight.As to Li Jijia,the need for upgrading his smart-phone comes mainly from friends and classmates.When they are switching to the latest equipment,he worries about feeling left out.“Some games require better hardware to run,” said Li.“If you dont join in,you lose part of the connection to your friends.”1.Whats the authors attitude towards peoples greed for new products?()A.Supportive.B.Optimistic.C.Critical.D.Unclear.2.How do the electronics companies successfully promote their latest products?()A.They make full use of the “planned obsolescence” strategy.B.They make a fool of customers by recycling their old products.C.They control the customersway of thinking while shopping.D.They invent new products to attract the youth like Li Jijia.3.Why is Apple Company interested in producing latest version of its products?()A.To provide customers with better service.B.To defeat other competitors like Hewlett-Packard.C.To establish a favorable image of itself among its customers.D.To make huge profits out of its business.4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Li Jijia feels the need to replace his smart-phone as a result of .A.new psychologyB.peer pressureC.life styleD.friends expectation语篇解读:本文讲述了一种社会现象一旦有新款电子产品上市,即使变化不大,很多人也会在自己的电子产品性能很好的情况下盲目追求新款,这样做有必要吗?答案及剖析:1.C推理判断题。由文章首句Although his one-year-old smart-phone still works perfectly,Li Jijia already feels the need to replace it和第三段的Lis impatience is shared by many可知,作者对这种现象持批评的态度,故选C项。2.A推理判断题。由第五段的“planned obsolescence (淘汰)” is the trick behind the upgrading culture of todays consumer electronics industry可知,电子产业利用“计划报废”的策略,故意设计生产一些在一定时间内就会被淘汰的产品,然后推出所谓的新产品上市,以达到吸引消费者的目的,故选A项。3.D细节理解题。由文章内容可知,很多人喜欢新的、好看的东西,苹果公司不断推出新款的产品目的是为了多挣钱,由第九段的Apples annual upgrades of its products create sales of millions of units.也可以得出答案为D项。4.B推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知,当朋友们有了新款的手机而自己没有的话,Li Jijia会担心失去和朋友的部分联系,故选B项。【疑难词汇解读】1.release v.&n.释放,发行He called for the immediate release of all political prisoners.他要求立即释放所有政治犯。2.leave out 漏掉,不考虑,忽略Dont leave out any necessary information on your application.你在申请单上不要遗漏任何必要的信息。【长难句子分析】 在新产品上市后很快就有很多消费者急切地更新他们的电子产品,即使他们拥有的这些产品的工作性能仍然很好。2015高考英语阅读理解（社会生活、说理议论）【2015福建】DLife can be so wonderful, full of adventure and joy. It can also be full of challenges, setbacks and heartbreaks. Whatever our circumstances, we generally still have dreams, hopes and desiresthat little something more we want for ourselves and our loved ones. Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem, because when we go to change the way we do things, up come the old patterns and pitfalls that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place.This tension between what we feel we can have and what wrere seemingly able to have is the niggling suffering, the anxiety we feel. This is where we usually think its easier to just give up. But were never meant to let go of the part of us that knows we can have more. The intelligence behind that knowing is usthe real us. Its the part that believes in life and its possibilities. If you drop that, you begin to feel a little dead inside because youre dropping you.So, if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck, how do we break these patterns? Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time. This is good advice for a new adventure or just getting through todays challenges.While, deep down, we know we can do it, our mindor the minds of those close to ususually says we cant. That isnt a reason to stop, its just the mind, that little man or woman on your shoulder, trying to talk you out of something again. It has done it many times before. Its all about starting simple and doing it now.Decide and act before overthinking. When you do this you may feel a little, or large, release from the jail of your mind and youll be on your way.68.It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should.A.slow down and live a simple lifeB.be careful when we choose to changeC.stick to our dreams under any circumstancesD.be content with what we already have69.What is the key to breaking the old patterns?A. To focus on every detail.B. To decide and take immediate action.C. To listen to those close to us. D. To think twice before we act.70.Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph?A. Escape from your punishmentB. Realization of your dreams.C. Freedom from your tension. D. Reduction of your expectations.71.What does the author intend to tell us?A.Its easier than we think to get what we want.B. Its important to learn to accept sufferings in life.C. Its impractical to change our way of thinking.D. Its harder than we expect to follow a new course. 69.B细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time.可以知道为了打破旧格局需要决定一个新目标并且立刻做出决定。故选B70.C分析推断题。根据划线句子可知其本意是逃出你内心的牢笼。结合上文中在过多思考之前快速决定和行动可以推测这个划线句子是指要从过多考虑的焦虑中解放自己。故选C71.A分析推断题。从全文来看，作者主要是想要强调果断的行动而不是空想来实现自己的梦想和欲望，故选A.比起想要成功，行动更加容易。【考点定位】说明文阅读。【名师点睛】说明文的文章更相对而言是比较容易做的，答案都是在文章中可以找到或者通过文中的线索分析出来，必须一个一个选项进行分析匹配排除，最终才能够得出最佳答案。结合上下文中的联系，只要掌握了每一段的大意，做题就不会太难。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 【2016高考训练】 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviour are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive. Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviour. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy(争论) is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”. Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behaviour patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behaviour is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory states that our behaviour is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts (本能). Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviourists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviourist, B.F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behaviour is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviourists view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behaviour. Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching. In the US, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviourists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do. Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behaviour. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behaviour lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.1 This passage is mainly concerned with _. A. relation between personality and behaviour B. relation between behaviour and environment C. different accounts of patterns of human behaviour D. different theories of the formation of human personality and behaviour.2 The underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 2 means _. A. teachers B. advisorsC. advocatesD. judges3 Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage? A. To call our attention to the changes of human behaviour. B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science. C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behaviour. D. To present an argument in the field of social science.参考答案13、DCD