高考英语二轮复习 考点题组训练 专题1 冠词和代词1

专题1 冠词和代词1(2016新课标)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time.1thea句意：我叔叔说他从没梦想过在短时间内变得富有。in a short period of time“在短时间内”，为固定短语。2(2016新课标)But in that case，we will learn little about world.2world前加the句意：但是，在那种情况下，我们对世界的认识就会很少。world前通常加定冠词the，表示特指。3(2016新课标)At the first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.3去掉the句意：起初，我认为我知道一切，并且能够独自做决定。at first“起初；一开始”，为固定短语。4(2016四川)I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.4kitchen前加the句意：我告诉妈妈待在客厅，我在厨房里做饭。此处表示特指“我”家的厨房，故应用定冠词the。5(2015新课标)Tony saw a toy in a shop window.A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.5第三个athe句意：有个妇女见他哭了，就告诉他在那家商店外面等候。由上下文可知，此处shop指前面“Tony saw a toy in a shop window”中的shop，应用定冠词。6(2015陕西)I wanted to do something special for him at his retirement party.At a party，my coach，with a biscuit in his mouth，asked surprisingly who made them and joked，“I might have to retire again next year just to get some more of these biscuits.”6第一个athe句意：在那次聚会上，我的教练口含饼干惊奇地问道是谁做的，并且开玩笑说：“为了多吃一些这样的饼干我明年可能会再退休一次。”根据上文“I wanted to do something special for him at his retirement party.”可知，此处指前面所提到的那次退休聚会。7(2014新课标)As result，the plants are growing everywhere.7As后加a句意：结果，圣女果长得到处都是。as a result为固定短语，意为“结果是”。8(2014浙江)A passenger realized he couldnt find his ticket and became quite upset.The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.8athe句意：找到票的那个人为自己的成功露出了高兴的微笑。使用定冠词the特指上文提及的同一事物，本文中特指前面提及的那张票。9(2014辽宁)Besides，Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.9第一个aan句意：此外，Cleo习惯于每天平均吠叫六个小时。名词average以元音音素开头，所以用an修饰，an average of.“的平均数”。10(2014四川)Today，I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm goes off.Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.10第二个athe句意：很快，消防战士们就会过来将火扑灭。根据文章第一句a fire alarm可知，指大家都已经知道的那场火灾，用the表示特指。1(2016新课标，70)The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed，_ other is with mumshe never suspects.1the句意：护理团队每隔几天就把他和他的妹妹互换一下，这样当他们中的一个在被人工喂养的时候，另一个是和妈妈在一起的她从不怀疑。one.the other.“一个另一个”。2(2016新课标，48)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _ while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy.2a句意：你可以先出去一会儿，通过锻炼或做些你喜欢的事情来让你的身体和大脑得到休息。for a while意为“一会儿”。3(2016浙江，2)_prize for the winner of the competition is _ twoweek holiday in Paris.3The；a句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个为期两周的在巴黎度假的机会。第一空特指“获胜者的奖品”，用定冠词the；第二空泛指“一个为期两周的假期”，用不定冠词a。4(2015新课标，42)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _ most modern of architects and engineers.4the句意：由美国西南部的印第安村庄的印第安人建造的土坯房甚至被最现代的建筑师和工程师欣赏。根据后面的most modern可知应为“最现代化的”，最高级前要用定冠词the。5(2015四川，5)Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be _ Beethoven.5a句意：布莱恩在写音乐方面很有天赋；他很有可能会成为一个贝多芬。不定冠词加人名，意为“一个像某某那样的人”，因此填a。6(2015陕西，14)_ more learned a man is，_ more modest he usually becomes.6The；the句意：一个人越有学问，通常会越谦虚。“the比较级简单句，the比较级简单句”结构，表示“越越”。7(2014广东，23)She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _ top floor.7the句意：她因为错误向我们道歉，并额外给我们提供了顶层的VIP房间。此处top floor指说话双方都清楚的那家宾馆的顶楼房间，前面需要有定冠词，表特指。8(2014浙江，2)The paper is due next month，and I am working seven days _ week，often long into _ night.8a；the句意：下个月要上交论文，我整个星期都在写，经常写到夜里。seven days a week意为“整个星期，一周七天”，into the night意为“直到夜里”，是固定短语。9(2013福建，21)The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve peoples wellbeing and _ dream of harmony，peace and development.9a；a句意：“中国梦”是一个提升人们幸福感的梦想，是一个和谐、和平与发展的梦想。由句意可知，两空均在解释中国梦，表示“一个的梦想”。10(2013浙江，15)People develop_preference for a particular style of learning at_early age and these preferences affect learning.10a；an句意：人们在很小的时候就养成了对某种特定的学习风格的偏爱，并且这些偏爱会影响学习。第一空是考查短语develop a preference for.“养成对的偏好”；第二空是固定搭配at an early age“在很小的时候”，故均填不定冠词。11(2012课标全国，22)Sarah looked at _ finished painting with satisfaction.11the句意：萨拉满意地看着已经完成的那幅画。finished painting特指“已经完成的那幅画”，所以应用定冠词。12(2012安徽，21)Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up _ meat processing factory of his own one day.12a句意：卡尔正在大学里学习食品科学，他希望有一天成立一家自己的肉类加工厂。泛指“一家工厂”，所以用不定冠词。13(2012四川，18)We are said to be living in _Information Age，_time of new discoveries and great changes.13the；a句意：据说，我们生活在信息时代，这是一个充满了新发现和巨大变化的时代。第一空后Information Age是由普通名词构成的专有名词，前面要用定冠词；第二空至句末为the Imformation Age的同位语，对其进行解释表示“一个的时代”，表泛指，所以用不定冠词。14(2012辽宁，21)I woke up with_bad headache，yet by_evening the pain had gone.14a；the句意：一阵剧烈的头痛让我醒来，然而到了晚上疼痛消失了。泛指“一阵头疼”，headache前用不定冠词；by the evening/morning/afternoon是习惯搭配。15(2012重庆，24)Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take _place of George.15the句意：萨姆已被任命为工程部的经理来接替乔治。take the place of sb.是固定搭配，表示“取代某人”。16(2012江西，21)The Smiths dont usually like staying at hotels，but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _sea.16the句意：史密斯夫妇不喜欢住在旅馆里，不过去年夏天，他们在海边的一家不错的旅馆住过几天。by the sea“在海边”。17(2012全国，7) He missed _ gold in the high jump，but will get _ second chance in the long jump.17the；a句意：他错过了跳高比赛的金牌，但是在跳远比赛中还有一次机会。第一空特指“跳高比赛的金牌”，gold前要用定冠词；第二空后是序数词second，但这里不是表示顺序，而是指“再一，又一”，其前需用不定冠词。1在做短文改错时首先要看名词是否可数。不可数名词前不能加冠词，故不可数名词前的不定冠词为多余；而可数名词前若无冠词，则为冠词缺失，必须添加相应的冠词。2做题时要看可数名词或可数名词修饰词的读音。以元音音素开头的可数名词或可数名词修饰词前要用不定冠词an，以辅音音素开头的可数名词或可数名词修饰词前则用a。特别要注意useful，universal，uniform，united，once，one及hour，honest，honor等词的读音。3同时我们还要看修饰语是否为形容词的最高级。表示最高级的词前或表示“两者中更”的名词前用定冠词，否则用不定冠词。4做题时还需要联系上下文及意义。上文出现过的词或者短语在意义上为特指，此处重复则用定冠词；同时还要注意牢记一些习惯用法或固定短语中冠词的用法。 (2015新课标)Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.【解析】countryside前加the句意：我现在住在城里，但是想念乡下的家。这里countryside是特指“我”家所在的农村，故用定冠词the。 (2014陕西)That day I didnt learn much about animals，insects or trees，but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!【解析】aan句意：那天我学习与动物、昆虫及树木有关的东西不多，但是我学到了关于重力很有印象的一课。后面的形容词impressive以元音音素开头，所以用an。1观察空格后部分的中心词是否是名词或相当于名词的词或短语，因为冠词唯一的作用就是用来修饰名词的。2准确理解语境，确定空格所填词表示泛指还是特指。泛指是指首次提到的、不限定的人或事物；特指则指上文已提到的、有限定词修饰的或说话双方都熟悉的人或事物。3理解空格所在句子的意义，分析所填词是否是冠词活用或固定用法。例如，抽象名词表示具体意义时前面用不定冠词；有些名词前有无冠词意义不同；固定搭配或习惯用法中冠词的用法等。 (2015重庆，3)I just heard _ bank where Dora works was robbed by _ gunman wearing a mask.【解析】the；a句意：我刚听说朵拉工作的那家银行被一个戴着面罩的枪手抢劫了。bank后面有定语从句，说明是特指，所以用定冠词the；第二空虽有定语修饰，但是指一个未知的人，表泛指，所以填不定冠词a。 (2014新课标，63)Now，years later，this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.【解析】the句意：现在，数年之后，这条河是环境治理最杰出的例子之一。空格后部分的中心词是名词examples，再由one of.可知，这里的most表示比较意义；形容词最高级前用定冠词the。1(2016福建福州十三中高三期中)How are you？Today Ive got a wonderful news to tell you.1去掉a句意：你好！今天我有个好消息要告诉你。news是不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词。2(2016江西南昌高三联考).they only eat what they like and never touch food they dont like even if they really need it for their health.2food前加the句意：他们只吃他们喜欢的东西，即使那些食物对他们的健康有益他们也不会吃不喜欢的那些食物。根据句子后面的定语从句they dont like可知，此处的food为特指，在food前面加the。3(2016山东临沭一中高三第一次月考)In the car park there Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry.3第二个car前加a句意：在那儿的停车场，由于一辆小汽车很快地从货车后面冲出来，吉娜差一点被撞着。由于car是可数名词单数，前面需加冠词，且所提到的小车并非特定的某辆小车，用不定冠词a。4(2016四川成都外国语学校高三月考)I told him I could not go to the college because I did not want to study anymore.4去掉the句意：我告诉他我不会上大学，因为我不想再读书了。英语中，表示“上学”这一状态时，学校前面不用冠词。1(2016福建福州十三中高三期中)In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed _ very large stone.1a句意：他在进城的主干道中间放了一块很大的石头。在此stone作可数名词，意为“一块石头”，前面需要用不定冠词a。2(2016湖南衡阳八中二模).when they heard the sound of horses，and saw Darcy and Bingley riding down the street._ two gentlemen came straight towards the ladies to greet them.2The句意：这时她们听到了马嘶的声音，看见达西和宾利骑着马在街上走来。这两位男士径直朝那些女士们走来问候。根据上文可知，此处的gentlemen指上文中的达西和宾利，须用定冠词the。3(2016四川成都外国语学校高三月考)They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things _ same way.3the句意：他们可能想过要伤害你，或者他们并没有用同样的方式看待事情。当名词前面有形容词same修饰时，same前面必须加定冠词the。4(2015江西九江高三一模)On the third day，I received a message from Mikes wife that she said Mike had been killed in _ unexplained truck crash on the morning of my call.4an句意：第三天，我收到了来自迈克妻子的短信，她说在我打电话的那天早上迈克在一次不明原因的卡车撞击事故中死亡。此处泛指“一次不明原因的车祸”，故用不定冠词；unexplained以元音音素开头，故填an。5(2015云南民族中学高三适应性月考)Covering _ area of 16，800 square kilometers with a population of about 11 million，Beijing has 18 districts and counties under its jurisdiction(管辖)5an句意：占地16 800平方千米，拥有约1 100万人口的北京市，管辖着18个区和县。an area of.“面积是”，是固定短语。6(2015江西南昌高三一模)What if your first choice is wrong？If so，just give yourself _ second chance.6a句意：如果你的第一次选择错误怎么办？如果是这样，要再给自己一次机会。根据意思可知，指犯错误后的又一次、再一次机会，序数词前加不定冠词，表示“再一，又一”，所以填不定冠词a。7(2014山西太原高三二诊)So God turned it into _ dog.7a句意：所以上帝把它变成了一条狗。此处泛指“一条狗”，所以填不定冠词。8(2014山东潍坊高三上期末)A government study has found that South Korean children are _ least happy compared to children in 29 other developed countries.8the句意：政府研究发现，与其他29个发达国家的儿童相比韩国儿童是最不快乐的。形容词最高级前用定冠词。9(2014甘肃西北师大附中12月月考)I am _ reporter from the New York Times.9a句意：我是来自纽约时报的一名记者。泛指“一名记者”，表示身份，用不定冠词。10(2014辽宁大连六校期末联考)I consider myself very lucky because I was _ only one of my friends who had their dads around.10the句意：我认为自己很幸运，因为我是朋友当中唯一一个爸爸在身边的。only前一般用定冠词，表示“唯一的”。1(2016新课标)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in a short period of time.Instead，he hopes that our business will grow steadily.1ourhis句意：相反，他希望他的生意能够稳步增长。根据语境可知，此处与主语he对应，指他的生意，用his指代，保持人称一致。2(2016新课标)If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.2yourour句意：如果我们出国旅游，我们就能拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识。此处应该使用our与本句的主语we在人称上保持一致。3(2016新课标)It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot.3manymuch句意：那样花费不多，而我们仍然可以学到很多。此处代词much指代不可数名词much money，作为动词cost的宾语，而many通常指代可数名词复数。4(2016新课标)I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.However，my parents didnt seem to think such.4suchso句意：然而，我的父母看起来不那样认为。so作指示代词时，可以代替前面的could make decisions by myself，such不能指代前面的内容。5(2016新课标)At first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.5yourselfmyself句意：起初，我认为我知道一切，并且能够独自做决定。句子的主语是I，因此反身代词用myself。6(2016新课标)At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.6need前加I句意：但我还是想无论什么时候我需要帮助，都有父母可以让我求助。此处是让步状语从句，句子缺少主语，由前面的语境可知主语用I。7(2016四川)When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.7herhis句意：当他回来时，我发现他手里有一束花。根据句意可知应用his。8(2015新课标)We must find ways to protect your environment.8yourour句意：我们必须要找到保护环境的方法。根据句子结构及上文的意思可知，这里指保护“我们”的环境，与we相对应；此处应用our。9(2015陕西)I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.9anythingsomething句意：我想在他退休聚会上为他做些特别的事情。肯定句中用something。10(2015浙江)Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.10themit句意：靠近学校的是一个绿树成荫的公园。由于此处指公园里有许多树，应用it指代前面的公园。11(2014新课标)The fruits are small in size，but juicy and tasty.There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors.11muchmany句意：圣女果很多，于是我们常跟邻居们分享。根据上下文的意思可知，句中用many指代上文提到的the fruits，所以不能使用much。12(2014浙江)Then everyone in the carriage began searching for the ticket，which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner.12hisits/the句意：于是车厢里所有的人都开始寻找那张票，最后在离它的主人几排的座位下面找到了。表示“它的主人”，应用its或the。13(2014四川)If its a false alarm and there is no fire，your teacher will lead us back to the classroom.13usyou句意：如果是误警而没有起火，你们的老师将会把你们领回教室。根据句子的主语your teacher可知此处应是“你们的老师会带你们回教室”。14(2014辽宁)We appreciate our apologies and goodwill，but we hope that you can figure out a good way of settling the matter.14ouryour句意：我们非常欣赏你们的道歉和善意，然而我们也希望你们能够想出解决这件事情的好方法。根据全文的意思及句子的意思分析可知，我们是对对方的道歉和善意感到高兴，而不是自己的道歉。15(2014陕西)My uncles all came along with bows and arrows for hunting.Neither of the arrows hit the target.15NeitherNone句意：没有一支箭击中目标。根据第一段中的all可知，指所有叔叔们的箭都没有击中目标。1(2016新课标，68)On my recent visit，I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by _(it)mother.1its句意：在我最近的一次参观中，可爱的三个月大的双胞胎中的一只被它的妈妈遗弃了。由后面的mother可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词its表示所属关系。2(2016四川，68)By that time，the panda no longer needed _(it)mother for food.2its句意：到那时，这只熊猫不再需要从它的母亲那里获取食物。此处用形容词性物主代词its修饰mother。3(2016浙江，3)In many ways，the education system in the US is not very different from _ in the UK.3that句意：在很多方面，美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系很不一样。这里指代前面的名词education system，所以用that。4(2015新课标，63)A few hours before，Id been at home in Hong Kong，with _(it)choking smog.4its句意：几小时之前，我待在香港的家，那儿的雾令人窒息。根据句子意思可知，此处的smog为香港的smog，所以需要一个形容词性物主代词修饰。5(2015四川，10)Niki is always full of ideas，but _ is useful to my knowledge.5none句意：妮基总是充满想法，但是，据我所知，没有一个是有用的。此句中代替物、表示否定且有范围故应用none。6(2015重庆，2)The meeting will be held in September，but _ knows the date for sure.6nobody句意：会议将在九月举行，但是没有人知道确切的日期。根据句中的转折词but可知，后面的句子应为否定含义，所以用nobody。7(2014辽宁，65)Raise your leg and let _ stay in the air for seconds.7it句意：抬起腿，让它在空中待一会儿。let的宾语指的是前面的your leg，故填it。8(2014广西，25)Whos that at the door?_ is the milkman.8It句意：门口的那个人是谁？送牛奶的。指代身份、性别等不明确的人时用代词it。9(2014浙江，3)An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year，making _ the driest year since California became a state in 1850.9it句意：去年的平均降雨量是18.75厘米，这是加利福尼亚自1850年成立以来最干旱的一年。所填词指代last year，作making的宾语，故用it。10(2014陕西，21)Id appreciate _ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.10it句意：如果您能提前通知我来或者不来的话，我将会很感激。动词appreciate接if从句时，后面须用it作形式宾语，指代后面的if从句。11(2014重庆，1)A smile costs _，but gives much.11nothing句意：微笑不需要付出什么，但却可以给予很多。由句中转折词but及give much可知，应填nothing。12(2014四川，1)Shed lived in London and Manchester，but she liked _ and moved to Cambridge.12neither句意：她曾经住在伦敦和曼彻斯特，但是她哪个也不喜欢，就搬到了剑桥。由句意可知，她对这两座城市都不喜欢，用否定代词neither，表示“两者都不”。13(2014福建，21)In some countries，people eat with chopsticks，while in_，knives and forks.13others句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃饭，然而在另一些国家，人们用刀叉吃饭。由句中关键词in some countries再结合固定搭配some.others.可知答案。1分析句子成分，看句中主语或宾语是否有缺失或者多余。如果缺少主语，则需要添加人称代词主格、指示代词、不定代词或it；如果缺宾语，则可以添加人称代词宾格；如果宾语和主语指同一个人，则应用反身代词。2检查搭配，看名词前是否需要代词。如果名词前需要代词，则需要添加形容词性物主代词。3通读全文，通过上下文的语境检查代词指代是否一致。如果代词指代不一致就要参照上下文的讲述来确定是哪一处出现了错误，进行改正。4根据句式结构，判断句子是否为it的特殊句式，it作形式主语、形式宾语或在强调句中。一些固定句式中it的用法也要注意。5对不定代词的考查主要集中在其指代范围，这就需要分析上下文意义，看代词是肯定还是否定，是指代两者还是三者或三者以上，从而确定不定代词的使用是否合适。 (2015四川)Its been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.【解析】manymuch句意：现在已经三个星期六了，的确花费很多。根据句意可知，指花钱很多；在英语中“钱”是不可数名词，故用much修饰。 (2014广西)Otherwise，it is impossible for him to help each other and to make their friendship last long.【解析】himthem句意：否则，对他们来说相互帮助并让友谊长久是不可能的。由下文的each other及their friendship可知，指的是多个朋友。所以根据指代一致性原则可知，应该使用them在句中作for的宾语。1观察空格前后的词，确定用哪一类代词。若空格后是句子的谓语动词，要填的词应考虑人称代词主格；若是名词或相当于名词的词，则要填一个形容词性物主代词，作定语。若空格前是动词，要填的词应考虑人称代词宾格、反身代词、名词性物主代词、不定代词等；若是起限定作用的词，则要考虑名词性物主代词或不定代词。2理清句子的逻辑意义，确定被替代的对象的适用范围是两者还是多者、表示否定意义还是肯定意义、是可数名词还是不可数名词，如果是可数名词，还要分辨是单数还是复数。 (2015福建，21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey，but _ contained any useful suggestions.【解析】neither句意：研究组依据调查得出两份报告，但是这两份报告都没有任何有用的建议。由表示转折关系的but可知，后面表示否定意义；再分析句子意思可知，空白对应前面的two reports，那么其否定代词为neither。 (2014新课标，49)A woman on the bus shouted，“Oh dear！Its _(I)”【解析】me/mine句意：公交车上的一位妇女说，“哦，天哪！是我(的)。”此处作表语，可用me，表示“是我丢了手提箱”，或用mine表示“手提箱是我的”。1(2016湖南衡阳八中二模)No doubt money plays an important role in our daily life，but it does not mean nothing.1nothinganything句意：毫无疑问，在日常生活中，金钱起着重要的作用，但是它并不意味着一切。根据前面分句的意思可知，后面句子为不完全否定，根据英语表达习惯可知为not.anything。2(2016江西南昌高三联考)As it is known，we are what we eat.2去掉it句意：众所周知，我们吃什么就是什么。分析句子结构可知，as引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，it多余，故删去。3(2016山东临沭一中高三第一次月考)They finally dropped Gina off at her parents and made our own way home.3TheyWe句意：最后我们将吉娜送到她父母身边后回家了。根据上下文可知，此处并非其他人，而是指作者本人及当时在一起的朋友，因此是指“我们”。4(2016四川成都外国语学校高三月考)He reminded how my father had sent me to the best college in our city.4reminded后加me句意：他使我想起了，父亲是如何把我送进了城里最好的大学的。根据动词remind的用法remind sb.sth.可知，remind后面需加宾语；再分析句子意思可知，此处指提醒作者本人，在reminded后加代词me。1(2016福建福州十三中高三期中)Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do _ for the people of his town.1something句意：城里曾经有个想为市民做些事情的富翁。结合句意可知，此处表示想要为人们做某事，故填something。2(2016福建福州十三中高三期中)Instead，with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way._ man came along and did the same thing；then another came，and another.2Another句意：然而，他艰难地绕过石头继续走。另一个人过来了，同样如此。然后，另一个，又另一个，都是这样。根据前后句子的意思可知，指在前面那个人之后的又一个人，即另一个人，故填another。3(2016福建福州十三中高三期中)All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove _.3it句意：他们都抱怨那块大石头但都不去将它搬开。根据句子意思可知，此处指前面提及的那块大石头，故用it。4(2016湖南衡阳八中二模) _ changed colour，one white，the other red.4Both句意：两人的脸色都变了，一人的脸白了，另一人的脸红了。根据后面的one white，the other red可知，此处指两人，应填both。5(2016江西南昌高三联考)Nowadays，school violence is a hot issue.I think this is a phenomenon，_ calling for our great concern.5something句意：目前，学校暴力是个热点问题。我认为这是一个现象，需要极大的关注。从句子结构分析可以看出，空格后面的内容对phenomenon进行了解释说明，故用something作phenomenon的同位语。6(2015山东肥城二中1月月考)At the end of the five minutes，no one could find _(they)own balloon.6their句意：五分钟结束时，没有人能够找到自己的气球。与起强调作用的own一起作名词balloon的定语，ones own“某人自己的”。7(2015广西南宁第一次适应性检测)Dasirees paintings catch your eyes immediately，and then your eyes lock on _.7them句意：德西里的画立刻吸引了你们的视线，然后你们的视线就锁定了这些画。介词on的宾语指的是前面提到的paintings，故用them代替。8(2015山东曲师大附中阶段检测)She must be shy.You may be shy _(you)8yourself句意：她一定很害羞，你自己可能也会害羞。反身代词在句中起强调作用。9(2015江西九江高三一模)We valued every chance we could to keep _(we)both on the right track.9us句意：我们珍惜每一次我们两人能够在正轨上的机会。作动词keep的宾语，指人，所以用人称代词宾格。10(2014河南开封高三二模)Only human beings can choose where and how they want to live and then improve the physical environment to help _(they)realize these choices.10themselves句意：只有人类可以选择生活的地方和生活的方式，然后提高客观环境来帮助自己实现这些选择。本空所填词作help的宾语，而help的主语是they，主语与宾语互指，故宾语用反身代词。一、不定冠词的用法 泛指某个或某类人或物，或指未曾提到的、对方不熟悉的人或物。 I was born in a small village in Shandong Province.A child needs not only food and clothes，but love as well. 用在转化为可数名词、表示具体意义的抽象名词前。 The party held last weekend was a great success. 表示“一”或“每一”概念。 He went to hospital to attend his sick father three times a week.二、定冠词的用法 特指双方都知道的或上文中提到的人或物。 What a pity that you couldnt be there to receive the prize! 用在形容词或分词前，表一类人或物。 Many of the injured are still in a serious condition. 用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示一家人或夫妇俩。 I paid a visit to the Turners last week. 用在方位名词、西洋乐器名词和宇宙中独一无二的事物前。 the east 东部play the piano 弹钢琴the universe 宇宙 the moon 月亮 用在序数词、比较级(两者相比较，表示特指的时候)、最高级和形容词only，very(恰好是)，same 前。 Its the first time that I have been to China.Which story is the more interesting of the two?We were the only people there. 用于固定结构“动词sb.介词the身体部位”中。 take sb.by the arm 拉着某人的胳膊hit sb.in the face/on the nose打某人的脸/鼻子 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。 The foreigners who come to China all want to travel to the Great Wall. 用在表示世纪、年代的词前。 The book was published in the 1980s.定冠词用法口诀特指、熟悉和重提，复数姓氏、最高级；独一无二和年代，序数词、方位和乐器；普通名词专有化，固定结构要牢记。三、零冠词的用法 不可数名词、复数名词表泛指或类指时。 By getting close to nature，you can really get refreshed.Bicycles are still a popular means of transport in China. 名词前已有限定词时。 His car is much more expensive than mine. 表示三餐、球类、棋类、学科、季节、年、月等的名词前。 He has milk and bread for breakfast every day.Of all the subjects，I like physics best.Autumn is the harvest season. 独一无二的头衔和职位名词作表语、补足语或同位语时。 Mr.Smith was elected president of our school. 系动词turn后作表语的可数名词单数前。 Tom has turned(become a)professional player. 表示交通方式的“by名词”中的名词前。 He goes to work every day by