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Section Grammar & Writing,定语从句() 关系副词和“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句,一、关系副词引导的定语从句,Ill never forget the time when(on which) we worked on the farm.我将永远不忘我们在农场共同工作的时光。 Do you still remember the afternoon when(in which) we first met three years ago? 你还记得三年前我们第一次相见的那个下午吗？,The hotel where ( at which) we stayed was very clean. 我们住的那个旅馆很干净。 Shanghai is the place where(in which) she was born. 上海是她的出生地。,The reason why(for which) we dont trust him is that he often lies.我们不信任他的原因是他经常说谎。 The reason why (for which) he was late was that he missed his train.他迟到的原因是错过了火车。,1关系副词和关系代词的判断方法 关系副词和关系代词的选择是根据先行词在定语从句中所作的成分而定的。若是作状语，用关系副词或“介词which”；若是作主语或宾语，则用关系代词。 Ill never forget the days (that/which) I spent with my teacher.(关系代词that/which作spent的宾语) 我永远也忘不了我同老师一起度过的日子。,Ill never forget the days when I played with you.(关系副词when在从句中作状语) 我决不会忘记和你一起玩耍的日子。 The factory (that/which) we visited yesterday was built last year.(关系代词that/which作visited的宾语) 昨天我们参观的工厂是去年建成的。,The factory where he works was built last year.(关系副词where在从句中作状语) 他工作的那家工厂是去年建成的。 This is the reason (that/which) she gave me for doing it.(关系代词that/which作gave的宾语) 这是她讲给我做这件事的理由。 Do you know the reason why he came late？(关系代词why在从句中作状语)你知道他迟到的原因吗？,2一些特殊词之后的where where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况：如果定语从句分别修饰point，situation，part，condition，stage和case等表示抽象意义的词，也常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。,Ive come to the point where I cant stand him. 我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。 The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,3reason后定语从句的引导词 先行词reason之后的定语从句并非总是由关系副词why引导，当从句中缺少宾语或主语的时候，关系词要使用代词that或which。 Is this the reason that he explained for his carelessness in his work？这就是他为工作中的粗心大意所解释的理由吗？,4way作先行词，其定语从句的引导词通常有三种形式that，in which或省略。 I dont like the way that/in which/()she speaks. 我不喜欢她讲话的方式。,二、“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句,注意： 使用“介词关系代词”引导定语从句时，选择介词的方法 根据动词与介词的搭配。 The dictionary on which he spent 119 yuan was published in Beijing.他花119元买的词典是在北京出版的。 根据形容词与介词的搭配。 The student to whom I want to be grateful is Tom. 我想感谢的那个学生是汤姆。,根据名词与介词的搭配。 I dont like the way in which he talks. 我不喜欢他说话的那种方式。 根据从句的意义来确定介词。 My computer，without which I cant play computer games，crashed yesterday. 昨天我的电脑系统瘫痪了，没有它我不能玩电脑游戏。,.用关系代词、关系副词或介词关系代词完成下列句子 1This is the hero_we are proud. 答案： of whom 2The hotel_he stayed with his father for one night is a fivestar hotel. 答案： where/in which,3That was the pen_he wrote the letter. 答案： with which 4The years _they stayed in the countryside were a good experience for them. 答案： when/in which/during which,5Great changes have taken place in the school_we studied twenty years ago. 答案： where/in which/at which 6Do you know the man_I shook hands just now? 答案： with whom,7The book_I got a lot of useful information was written by a famous scientist. 答案： from which 8The reason_he left his home was that he wanted to find a good job in the city. 答案： why/for which,9This is the place_he works. This is the place_we visited last year. 答案： where；that/which 10That was the time_he arrived. Do you still remember the days_we spent together? 答案： when；that/which,11This is the reason_he went. The reason _he gave us was quite reasonable. 答案： why；that/which 12His father works in a factory_radio parts are made. His father works in a factory_makes radio parts. 答案： where；that/which,.单项填空 1After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town_he grew up as a child. Awhich Bwhere Cthat Dwhen 解析： 先行词town为地点名词，定语从句缺少地点状语，故用where。 答案： B,2_is mentioned above，the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing. AWhich BAs CThat DIt 解析： as引导定语从句，修饰其后面的整个句子。 答案： B,3There are many things in different areas_we can do to reduce the possible dangers of AIDS. Awhere Bthere Cwhat Dthat,解析： 这是分隔式定语从句，先行词是things，that引导的定语从句被in different areas分开，that在从句中作do的宾语。 答案： D,4Do you still remember the day_we first met? Athat Bwhen Cwhat Don that 解析： the day作先行词，定语从句中缺时间状语，故选B。 答案： B,5The noise from the karaoke hall is coming to a point_we cant put up with it . Athat Bwhere Cwhen Dwhy 解析： 先行词为a point表示“抽象地点”，故用where引导定语从句。句意为：从卡拉OK大厅传出的噪音已经达到我们无法忍受的地步。 答案： B,6The engineer_my father works is about 60 years old. Ato whom Bon whom Cwith which Dwith whom,解析： 句意为：和我爸爸一块工作的那个工程师大约60岁了。work with sb.和某人一块工作。 答案： D,7The reason_Im writing to you is to tell you about a party on Saturday. Abecause Bwhy Chow Dwhich 解析： 先行词为表示原因的reason，定语从句中主、谓、宾俱全，缺少的是状语，故只能选关系副词why。 答案： B,8He has two sons，_work as chemists. Atwo of whom Bboth of whom Cboth of which Dall of whom 解析： 先行词是两个人，他们中的两个习惯上用both of.关系词指代人且作of的宾语，故用whom。 答案： B,9He is a man of great experience，_ much can be learned. Awho Bthat Cfrom which Dfrom whom 解析： 先行词是a man，learn from sb.“从某人那里可以学到”。故选D。 答案： D,10There are several research centers in China_a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied. Awhich Bwhere Cwhen Dwhat 解析： 因为先行词是research centers并在定语从句中作状语，所以用where。 答案： B,11The English play_my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. Afor which Bat which Cin which Don which 解析： 定语从句的正常语序为my students acted in the English play，此处将介词提前了，故选C。 答案： C,12Carol said the work would be done by October，_personally I doubt very much. Ait Bthat Cwhen Dwhich 解析： which引导定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。 答案： D,13Ill never forget the days_I stayed in your beautiful country. Awhen Bwhere Con which Dthat 解析： 本题题干是一个含定语从句的复合句，先行词为表示时间的名词the days，又因定语从句中的stay为不及物动词，故应选关系副词when，when在定语从句中作状语。也可用“inwhich”来引导该定语从句。 答案： A,14May the fourth is the day_we Chinese people will never forget. Awhich Bwhen Con which Dabout which 解析： the day作先行词尽管指时间，但在定语从句中作forget的宾语，故选A。 答案： A,15We are living in an age_everything is changing rapidly. Awhich Bthat Cin that Dwhen 解析： when引导的定语从句，在从句中作状语。 答案： D,描述一位名人 一、题目要求 请你根据提示，用英语写一篇关于著名科学家钱学森的简介。钱学森，1911年生于上海。1935年赴美留学，成绩优异，受到当时的著名科学家冯卡门(Von Karman)的赞誉；1938年在美国获航空、数学博士学位；,1950年获悉新中国成立的消息，克服了美国政府的百般阻挠，于1955年回到祖国；1958年起长期担任航空航天研究工作，为新中国的航天事业做出巨大的贡献，被誉为“新中国航天之父”；2008年，被评为“2007年度感动中国人物”；2009年于北京去世。,注意：1.词数：100左右； 2内容要适当发挥，注意行文连贯； 3题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数； 4参考词汇：航天航空科学技术aerospace science and technology；感动中国年度人物People Who Moved China in 2007,Qian Xuesen，regarded as the father of Chinas space program， _ _,二、关键词语,三、连词成句 1钱学森，被认为是中国航天之父，于1911年生于上海。 Qian Xuesen，regarded as the father of Chinas space program，was born in 1911 in Shanghai.,21935年赴美留学，成绩优异，受到当时的著名科学家冯卡门(Von Karman)的赞誉。 In 1935，Qian went to America for further study and was thought highly of by Von Karman because of his great achievements.,31938年在美国获得航空、数学博士。 In 1938，he obtained his doctors degree in aerospace science and mathematics in the US.,41950年获悉新中国成立的消息，并于1955年回到祖国全身心地投入到中国的航天事业并作出巨大贡献。 In 1950，he heard New China had been founded and succeeded in coming back to his homeland in 1955.Since then he had been devoted to aerospace science and contributed a lot to the cause of Chinas aerospace.,四、构思谋篇,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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