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.重点单词聚焦 1Driving a car to work every day may_(消耗) a large amount of fuel. 答案： consume 2There is an increasing_(趋势) for women to have children later in life. 答案： trend 3He_(订阅) to a number of magazines concerned with his research subject. 答案： subscribed,4Our football match was cancelled as a _(结果) of the heavy rain. 答案： consequence 5English is_(遍及广大范围的) and used in most international meetings. 答案： widespread 6The_(平均的) age of the students in this class is fifteen. 答案： average 7I dont_(主张) buying a car for it is not good for the environment. 答案： advocate,8The girl took a book at_(随意地) from the shelf while she was wandering in the bookshop. 答案： random 9The writer is used to_(提起精神) himself with a cup of coffee while writing. 答案： refreshing 10Now_(电子的) appliances are widely used in peoples homes. 答案： electrical,.重点短语扫描 1come 发生；造成 2subscribe 同意，赞成，订阅 3go 上升；增长；升起 4be to 反对 5keep 继续 6 the whole 大体上；基本上 7on 平均来看 average 低于/高于平均水平 8put with 忍受；容忍,about,to,up,opposed,on,on,average,below/above,up,9and so 等等 10 of 大量的 11result 导致 12even 甚至 13on of 代表一方；作为的代言人 14so as 只要,on,quantities,in,if,behalf,long,.课文原句突破 1毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和(见图表1)，而且全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。 _ _ _ _ _ the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that _ _ human activity _ has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 答案： There is no doubt that；it is；that,2它意味着更多的热能会被困在大气层中，从而引起全球气温上升。 It means that more heat energy tends to _ _ _ the atmosphere_the global temperature to go up. 答案： be trapped in；causing 3即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。 _ _ we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 答案： Even if,4只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！ It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on_ _ _you are using it_ _，turn it off! 答案： so long as；if not 5将新材料做成物品需要许多能量，因而，如果有可能请购买用回收材料制成的物品。 _takes a lot of energy_ _ _ _ _ _，so，if you can，buy things made from recycled materials. 答案： It；to make things from new materials,quantity n量；数量；数目，数额 教材原句P26：The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.当我们向空气中排放大量的多余的二氧化碳的时候，问题就开始了。,Now many companies are more concerned with quality than with quantity.现在很多公司对质量比对产量更重视。 The year 2009 is a wonderful year for TV plays，in terms of both quantity and quality. 2009年的电视剧无论从数量上还是质量上都相当好。 Large quantities of information have been collected. 已经收集了大量信息。 Its a lot cheaper if you buy it in quantity. 如果你大量购买要便宜得多。,a quantity of后同样可接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式。但当它作主语时谓语动词一般根据其所修饰的名词而定，而quantities of作主语时，不论其后的名词可数或不可数，谓语动词都用复数。,1.(2009福建卷)Why does the lake smell terrible? Because large quantities of water_. Ahave polluted Bis being polluted Chas been polluted Dhave been polluted 解析： 句意为：这条湖水怎么这么难闻？因为大量的水已经被污染了。water与pollute之间为被动关系，故排除A项；B表“正被污染”，故排除；large quantities of后加名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应与quantities保持一致，故排除C项，答案为D项。 答案： D,oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 教材原句P27：On the other hand，there are those，like George Hambley，who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.在另一方面，还有一些人，像科学家乔治汉布利，反对上面的观点，他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。,Many people opposed the idea of building a new high way because of the great cost. 由于需要巨额开支，许多人反对另修一条新公路的主意。 We are firmly opposed to the practice of power politics between nations.我们坚决反对国与国之间实行强权政治。 The parents strongly opposed their daughter going there alone. 父母极力反对女儿单独去那里。,2.Father is strongly opposed_shopping on Sunday because the streets and supermarkets are full of people. Ato do Bto doing Cof doing Dwith doing 解析： 本题考查be opposed to (doing) sth.短语。be opposed to (doing) sth.意为“反对”，其中to为介词，后跟名词或动名词。 答案： B,average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的；n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准；v.平均为；计算出的平均数 教材原句P29：The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temperature of 15 . 温室效应使地球表面的平均温度保持在15 。,Theres nothing special about him；hes only average. 他没有什么特别的，他很普通。 On average people who dont smoke are healthier than people who do.通常，不吸烟的人比吸烟的人健康。 Toms work at school is above (the) average，while Harrys is below (the) average. 汤姆在学校的功课在一般以上，而哈利的功课在一般以下。 Our weekly profits average out at about $750. 我们每周的平均利润约为750美元。,3.(2010江西卷)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000，a(n)_of 40,000 per year. Aaverage Bnumber Camount Dquantity 解析： 句意为：去年毕业时就有驾照的学生数量已达到20万，平均每年4万。本题考查名词辨析。average 平均，平均数；a number of 许多，大量，修饰可数名词；an amount of 许多，大量，与不可数名词连用；a quantity of 许多，大量的，修饰可数和不可数名词。根据句意，选A。 答案： A,circumstance n环境；情况，通常用作复数形式 教材原句P30：Recycle cans，bottles，plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to. 如果情况允许的话，回收容器、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸。,in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下；情况既然如此 in/under no circumstances 决不，无论如何都不(放句首时主句用倒装语序),Circumstances permitting，Ill go abroad to study. 情况允许的话，我要出国学习。 In/Under the circumstances he felt unable to accept the job. 在这种情况下，他觉得无法接受这项工作。 I had to give up my attempt in the circumstances. 在此情况下我必须放弃我的尝试。 Under no circumstances can you leave this house! 你无论如何都不能离开这所房子。,4.Under no circumstances_to move to a new place far away from her workplace，because it isnt convenient for her family and herself. AKaren will agree Bwill Karen agree CKaren will disagree Dwill Karen disagree 解析： 句意为：因为对于Karen和她的家庭来说搬到远离她的工作地点去住是太不方便，所以她决不同意搬家。题中因为under no circumstances(决不)这一否定短语开头，故此应用倒装结构，排除A、C。根据句意可以排除D选项。 答案： B,glance vi.& n瞥一眼；匆匆一看；扫视，后常跟at，down，over，through 教材原句P27：Glance quickly at the magazine article and answer the questions.迅速看一下杂志上的文章并回答问题。,He glanced over the morning paper and went out. 他匆匆地浏览了晨报然后出去了。 The boy glanced at the envelope and recognized his friends handwriting. 小男孩看了一下信封，就认出了他朋友的字体。 Tom glanced at/took a glance at the newspaper headlines. 汤姆匆匆看了一眼报纸的大标题。 At first glance the problem seemed easy. 乍一看问题似乎很简单。,5.完成句子 我扫视了一下大厅，发现观众中有许多熟悉的面孔。 I_the hall and found many familiar faces among the audience. 答案： took a glance at,come about发生；造成 教材原句P26：So how has this come about and does it matter? 那么，这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢？会有什么影响吗？ Can you tell me how the big fire came about? 你能告诉我大火是怎样发生的吗？ Ill never understand how it came about that you made such a mistake.我真不明白你居然犯了这么个错误。,辨析：come about，happen，take place与break out (1)come about 发生，产生，指要求解释或说明事情发生的理由。经常与how连用。 (2)happen 发生，常用词汇，指偶然的，意外的，具体客观事物的发生或出现，尤其指自发的未能预见的事情发生。 (3)take place 发生，指事件或事故的发生是在预料中的并非是偶然的，进而引申为按计划“进行，举行”。 (4)break out指战争、火灾、疾病等的突然“发生、爆发”。,6.用come about，happen，take place或break out填空： (1)A fire_during the night，which caused a lot of damage. (2)Luckily the earthquake didnt_in the center of the city. (3)How did it_that the dairy products were harmful to children? (4)Great changes_in our school in the past few years. 答案： (1)broke out (2)happen (3)come about (4)have taken place,result in导致 教材原句P26：They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还赞同下述观点，正是由于越来越多地燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。 The accident resulted in three people being killed. 这次事故造成了三人死亡。 His hard work resulted in excellent grades in his exams. 他的努力使他在考试中取得了优异的成绩。,result from.由造成；因而产生 as a result结果 as a result of.由于的结果 with the result that.其结果是 without result没有结果；白费,However，pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress. 但是，人类的发展也产生了污染和其他严重的问题。 Alice overslept this morning.As a result，she was late for work. 艾丽斯今天早上睡过了头，结果上班迟到了。 About 21 million people died during the 1990s as a result of smoking.20世纪90年代约有2 100万人死于吸烟。 He has tried very hard to find a job，until now without result. 他努力找工作，但直到现在仍毫无结果。,7.完成句子 (1)由于疏忽所引起的任何损失应由借用者负责赔偿。 Any damage_must be paid for by the borrower. (2)最近的研究表明，压力和疲劳常使人精力不集中。 According to a recent study，stress and tiredness often_ _a lack of concentration. 答案： (1)resulting from carelessness (2)result in/lead to,There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和(见图表1)，而且全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。,在本句型中，that从句是同位语从句，表示doubt的内容。用法与there is a chance that.是一样的。 (1)doubt作为名词，若用在否定句或疑问句中，后面接that引导的同位语从句；若用在肯定句中，后面接whether引导的同位语从句。注意此时不可以用if替换whether。 (2)doubt作为动词，若用于否定句和疑问句中，后面接that引导的宾语从句；若用于肯定句中，后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。,There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter. 毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的。 There is no doubt that radio and television are important means of communication. 毫无疑问，收音机和电视机是信息交流的重要方式。 I have no doubt that he will succeed.我相信他会成功的。 Theres some doubt whether/if he is fit for the job. 他是否胜任这项工作有点疑问。 He doubts if she will keep her word. 他不敢肯定她是否会遵守诺言。 I dont doubt/have no doubt that he will win the race. 我不怀疑他将赢得比赛。,8.(2010湖南衡南模拟)We dont doubt_the people in Beichuan County will recover from the disaster soon and rebuild their homes better than before. Athat Bif Cwhat Dwhether 解析： doubt此处用作动词，且句子为否定句，所以用that引导宾语从句；在肯定句中则用whether/if引导宾语从句。 答案： A,9Some researchers believe that there is no doubt_a cure for AIDS will be found. Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dwhether 解析： There is no doubt that.为固定搭配，意为“是毫无疑问的”。 答案： C,It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not，turn it off！只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！ (1)so long asas long as “只要”引导条件状语从句。 You may borrow the book as long as/so long as you keep it clean.只要你不把书弄脏，就可以借给你。 So long as/As long as you have confidence in yourself，youll win.只要你有自信，你会获胜的。 You may use the room as you like so long as you clean it up afterwards. 你尽可随意使用这个房间，只要你过后打扫干净即可。,as long as只能用于肯定句，而so long as既可用于肯定句又能用于否定句。 as long as还可意为“与一样长，长达”。 We need a rope as long as 30 metres. 我们需要一条30米长的绳子。,10.(2010江西卷)Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it？Well，that doesnt matter_you enjoyed yourselves. Aas long as Bunless Cas soon as Dthough 解析： 考查连词。句意为：暑假我们花费了许多钱。真的吗？只要你玩得开心，那没关系。as long as只要，unless除非，as soon as一就；though尽管。根据句意，可知A项正确。 答案： A,(2)if not在本句中是if you are not using it的省略形式 if so如果这样 if any若有 if necessary如果有必要 I think the train leaves at midday.Youd better take a taxi.If not，maybe youll miss it. 我想火车是正午开，你最好打的去，否则可能会误车的。,Is anybody feeling cold？If not，lets put the central heating off.有谁感到冷吗？如果没有，就把暖气关掉。 Point out errors，if any.若有错误，请指正。 Have you got a free evening next week？If so，lets have dinner together.下周你哪个晚上没事？如果没有事，我们去吃饭吧。 Take this camera with you，if necessary. 如果有必要，带上照相机去吧！,11.(2010全国卷)Though_to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome. Asurprising Bwas surprised Csurprised Dbeing surprised 解析： 此题考查省略。Though surprised是Though he was surprised的省略。句意为：尽管教授很吃惊看到我们，还是热情地欢迎了我们。 答案： C,.选词填空 make a difference；go up；so long as；on the whole；a large quantity of；on behalf of；keep on；put up with 1The number of people who have lost their jobs_ _again in this city. 答案： has gone up 2The boy_asking silly questions but his mother always answered them patiently. 答案： kept on,3_，your composition is good except for a few mistakes. 答案： On the whole 4The president was busy so his secretary gave the speech _ _him. 答案： on behalf of 5I cant_too much noise when I am sleeping. 答案： put up with 6You can use the room as you like，_you promise to clean it. 答案： so long as,7The job will_to you so you should think it over carefully. 答案： make a difference 8_airconditioners have been sold in the shop since summer began. 答案： A large quantity of,.巧思妙解 1(2009福建俊民中学模拟)How did it_that you made such a silly mistake? I myself havent figured it out yet. Abring about Bcome about Ccome across Dcome on 解析： 句意为：你怎么会犯如此愚蠢的错误？连我自己都还没弄明白。B.形成，产生。A.造成，引起；C.偶然发现；D.改进，加油。 答案： B,2Have you_some new ideas? Yeah.Ill tell you later. Acome about Bcome into Ccome up with Dcome out with 解析： 句意为：你提出了什么新想法吗？噢，以后我会告诉你的。 答案： C,3The teacher asked a difficult question，but Ted finally managed to_a good answer. Aput up with Bkeep up with Ccome up with Dgo through with 解析： 句意为：老师问了一道很难的题，但特德最后还是想出了令人满意的答案。put up with忍受；keep up with跟上；come up with提出；go through with(艰难地)完成，履行诺言。根据句意选C。 答案： C,4(全国高考)Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? I dont mind where we go_theres sun，sea and beach. Aas if Bas long as Cnow that Din order that 解析： 句意为：暑假有什么打算？去什么地方都行，只要有阳光、大海和沙滩就可以了。as long as只要，引导条件状语从句；as if好像；now that既然；in order that为了，不符合语境要求。 答案： B,5(安徽高考)Do you have a minute？Ive got something to tell you. OK，_you make it short. Anow that Bif only Cso long as Devery time 解析： 句意为：你有时间吗？我有事要给你说。好的，只要长话短说。考查一组短语作连词的用法。now that既然；由于，引导原因状语从句；if only要是就好了，用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况；so long as只要，表示条件；every time每次；每当，表示时间。 答案： C,.语法专练 本单元语法it的用法() 1(2011石家庄市质量检测)I still remember how many years ago_I last met her in the countryside. Awhen it was Bwas it that Cwhen was it Dit was that 解析： 考查强调句型。remember后的部分是宾语从句，从句中含有一个强调句型，被强调部分是how many years ago。 答案： D,2(2011东北三校第一次联考)We have made_clear that we are strongly against smoking in the office. Athis Bthat Cit Done 解析： 考查it的特殊用法。句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that we are strongly against smoking in the office。 答案： C,3(2011东城第一学期检测)Flowers growing in a wellequipped greenhouse find_hard to survive in the wild. Ait Bthat Cso Dvery 解析： 在think/feel/find等词后，常接it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在后面，所以答案为A。其实，该句还可以转换为：Flowers growing in a wellequipped greenhouse find that it is hard to survive in the wild. 答案： A,4Ive just seen no more than one copy of Gone with the Wind in the bookshop opposite.Tom，go and buy_back. Aone Bany Cit Dsome 解析： it表示同一个；one表示同类。句中提到的对面书店有一本飘，把那本书买回来，故选C。 答案： C,5(2010郑州第二次检测)What an exciting party! Yes，the night seems as if_would never end. Athere Btime Cthat Dit 解析： 考查代词。空白处填it，指代the night。 答案： D,练规范、练技能、练速度,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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