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专题十五,复合句,复合句,1,宾语从句,分析甘肃近3年中考对复合句的考查，一般出现在语法与情景对话、完形填空等题型中。宾语从句主要考查语序及引导词，定语、状语从句多以考查连接词为主；三种从句都以考查时态、语态为重点。判断从句类型，主要依据其在句子中担当的成分而定。从而选择相应的引导（关系）词、时态和语序等。,宾语从句的考查侧重其引导词、语序和时态。宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语+宾语+其他；其次，从时态角度考虑，一般情况下，宾语从句的时态和主语的时态保持一致，但是，如果有明显的时间状语，要以时间状语来判断时态；最后，再根据答语来判断疑问词。,宾语从句用法口诀宾语从句三注意：时态、语序、引导词。主句一般现在时,从句时态随句意。主句若是过去时,主从时态要一致。宾从表达是真理,一般现在代过去。引导词也不难,陈述要用that连。一般问句表“是否”,if或whether来连接。特殊问句作宾从,疑问词连接就能行。还有一点要说明,陈述句语序要记清。主句动词“猜想”词,“否定转移”莫忘记。,考点小练,1.Implanningatriptothebeachtomorrow,butIstillcantdecide.A.whereImgoingB.howImgoingC.whyImplanningD.whenImplanning,B,2.Ihavesometicketsforthebasketballmatch.Iwonder.A.whereyoubuytheticketsB.whyyouliketogothereC.ifyoudliketocomealongD.whenyouwatchthematch,3.Ifyoucantfindtheplace,Iwillshowyou.A.whatitisB.whatitwasC.whereitisD.whereitwas,C,C,4.Jennyisonholidaynow.Iwonder.A.whenshewillcomebackB.whenshecamebackC.whenwillshecomebackD.whendidshecomeback,5.Couldyoutellmeamomentago?A.whatweretheytalkingaboutB.whataretheytalkingaboutC.whattheyweretalkingaboutD.whattheyaretalkingabout,A,C,2,定语从句,关系代词的用法,用来修饰前面的名词或代词的具有完整的主谓结构的句子叫作定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系代词that,who,whom,which,whose和关系副词when,where,why。关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，又充当从句的一个成分。定语从句的基本结构为：先行词+关系词+从句。,注意：当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。如：Heisoneoftheboyswholikeplayingbasketball.他是喜欢打篮球的男孩之一。,只能用关系代词that的几种情况：1.当先行词为不定代词anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little时。如：IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?有什么我能为您效劳的吗？2.当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。如：Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过这次考试的人。3.当先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时。如：TheonlythingthatIwanttodoistohavearest.我唯一想做的事就是好好休息。4.当先行词既有人又有物时。如：Thefilmstarandherfilmthatyouhavejusttalkedaboutarereallywell-known.你刚刚谈到的那位影星和她的电影都非常出名。5.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。如：Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?站在那边的那个男人是谁？,关系副词的基本用法,考点小练,6.Yesterdaywasmybirthday.MyfriendsentmeaCDismadebyEasonChan.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.whom,7.Whydontyoulikefishing?Fishingisahobbyneedsmuchpatience,butImnotpatientatall.A.whoB.thatC.whyD.what,C,B,8.Doyouknowthemansavedthreepupilsintheaccident?A.whoB.whatC.whomD.whose,9.YesterdayLiMingwenttothevillagehisfamilylivedtenyearsago.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that,10.IcomeheretoexplainthereasonIwasabsentfromthemeeting.A.whyB.whoC.thatD.how,11.Illneverforgetthedaythegreatscientistcametoourschoolandgaveusaspeech.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where,12.Booksareeverywhere,butitsnoteasytofindoneisreallyinteresting.A.thatB.whoC.itD.what,13.Whyareyousoworried?Ivelostthewatchmydadboughtmeformybirthday.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which,A,C,A,C,A,D,3,状语从句,考生在做状语从句的试题时，应多多注意主句与从句时态一致的问题：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分为下列几种情况：1.主现从现：若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词,那么从句用一般现在时表将来。如：Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.过马路时要小心。Youcangetgoodgradesifyoustudyhard.如果你努力学习，你将取得好成绩。2.主将从现：在时间、条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。如：Ifshecomesheretomorrow,Iwillgototheparkwithher.如果明天她来这里,我将和她一起去公园。3.过去时态：若主从句都是叙述过去的事情,则主从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时。如：MotherwascookingwhenIgothomeyesterday.昨天我到家时妈妈正在做饭。,注意：不能同时出现在一个句子中的连词：（1）because因为，引导原因状语从句，so所以，用于并列句，不能同时出现在一个句子里，只能用其一。如：Becausehewastired,hecouldntwalkhere.=Hewastired,sohecouldntwalkhere.因为他累了，所以不能走到这了。（2）（al）though,虽然，引导让步状语从句，but但是，用于并列句，不能同时出现在一个句子里，只能用其一。如：Thoughhewastired,hestillworkedhard.=Hewastired,buthestillworkedhard.虽然他很累，但是他仍然努力工作。,考点小练,14.thecarisold,itstillrunswell.A.ButB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.Unless,C,15.IfNickhometoolate,hewillmisshisfavoriteTVseries.A.getsB.gotC.gettingD.hasgot,16.Juliedidntleaveherofficeshehadntfinishedherworkyet.A.becauseB.althoughC.whenD.unless,17.HehasntgotanyhobbiesyoucallwatchingTVahobby.A.whileB.unlessC.asD.until,A,A,B,18.Igrowup,Illbeanurseandlookafterpatients.A.WhereB.ThatC.WhenD.Although,19.IdidntrealizetheimportanceofteamworkIbecamethemonitorofourclass.A.whenB.untilC.ifD.after,20.YoushouldlearnhowtocommunicatewithforeignersatfirstyouwanttospendyourholidayinLondon.A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.although,C,B,A,
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