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高考专题：基础写作,上周，我们以“谁是你的偶像”为题，在2600名学生中进行了一次调查(survey)。以下是调查数据：1调查时间、调查问题以及调查对象；2男女生在以明星为偶像方面的差异；3“父母”在男女生偶像中的排序差异；4男女生在以伟人为偶像方面的异同；5你的偶像及理由。,07年广东卷,你很荣幸地成为2008北京奥运会的一名志愿者，负责编写奥运比赛项目的英语介绍。【写作内容】：请根据以下中文提纲，编写射击项目的英语介绍：背景：射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。1896：第一次成为奥运项目1904：中断1928：中断1932：重回奥运会1968：第一次允许妇女参加奥运射击比赛现状：稳步发展，1896奥运会只有三项射击项目，现今有17项。,08年广东卷,1、写作题材贴近考生的学习和生活。2、信息点多，必须用5句话表达。3、信息呈现方式多为表格、图表等。4、以翻译为基础、注重考察表达能力。,一、题型特点：,二、能力要求:,1、审题能力2、处理信息的能力：信息组合、排列合理3、表达能力语法正确句式灵活信息内容表达准确、完整语篇连贯,三、表达能力训练,1.写好简单句简单句的五种基本句型：1）主语+不及物动词(S+V)2）主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)3）主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P)4）主语+及物动词+双宾语(S+V+O+O)5）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补(S+V+O+C),Ex:改正下列病句并指出基本句型。MyfavouritesubjectsincludingEnglishandChinese.Lastweekweholdadiscussionaboutthistopic.Thefuturelifewillbecomemoreandmorebetter.Thefiredestroiedtheirhouses.5.HespendstwohourstostudyEnglisheverynight.,_,应改为include,_,应改为held,_,_,应改为betterandbetter,_,应改为destroyed,_,应改为studying,6.Hecosttendollarsforthebook.7.Hefeltconfused，hedidntknowwhattodo.8.HewatchedTVforawhilebeforewenttobed.9.Sheisconfidenceandpatience.10.Inhisopinion,getfatisaterriblething.,_,应改为paid,_,应改为.He,_,应改为going,_,应改为confidentandpatient,_,应改为gettingfat,2、如何做到句式灵活？1)并列句2)复合句(定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句)3)强调句型4)非谓语动词5)倒装句6)其他句型及结构,Ex:按要求改写下列句子。1)Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.MostbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish.(合并为并列句)EnglishiswidelyusedintheworldandmostbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish.2)Peoplethoughtofsomewaystosolvetheproblem.Thesesolutionsdidntwork.(合并为并列句)Peoplethoughtofsomewaystosolvetheproblembutthesesolutionsdidntwork.,3)IsuggestthatyouvisittheGreatWall.Ithasahistoryofmorethantwothousandyears.(合并为定语从句)IsuggestthatyouvisittheGreatWall,whichhasahistoryofmorethantwothousandyears.July11hasbeennamedtheSailingDayinourcountrysince2005.ZhengHebeganhisfamousvoyageonJuly11.(合并为定语从句)July11,whenZhengHebeganhisfamousvoyage,hasbeennamedtheSailingDayinourcountrysince2005.,5)Iwillnotbeabletomeetyouattheairport.Ihavesomeexperimentstodothatday.(合并为状语从句)IwillnotbeabletomeetyouattheairportbecauseIhavesomeexperimentstodothatday.6)Theproblemwascomplicated.Hesolveditinonlytwohourswithacomputer.(合并为状语从句)Thoughtheproblemiscomplicated,hesolveditinonlytwohourswithacomputer.,7)Inthepastfiveyears,therehavebeenchangesinpeoplesdiet.Itisafact.(合并为名词性从句)Itisafactthatinthepastfiveyears,therehavebeenchangesinpeoplesdiet.8)Theweatherwasfine.WewenttovisittheZhongShanPark.(独立主格结构)Theweatherbeingfine,wewenttovisittheZhongShanPark.,9)Youshouldnevergiveupwhenyouarefacedwithdifficulties.(非谓语+倒装句)Nevershouldyougiveupwhenfacedwithdifficulties.10)Whenamanandawomanmeet,thewomanfirstoffersherhand.(改为强调句)Whenamanandawomanmeet,itisthewomanwhofirstoffersherhand.,11)众所周知,吸烟危害健康。（一句多译）a.Itisknowntoallthatsmokingdoesharmtopeopleshealth.b.Asisknowntoall,smokingharmspeopleshealth.c.Everyoneknowsthatsmokingisharmfultopeopleshealth.,四、如何使文章连贯？(过渡词的使用)1)时间：soon,then,suddenly,meanwhile,before,after,earlier,inthemorning,afterwards,later,immediately,next,theotherday,nowadays,gradually2)空间:above,below,up,down,under,near,farfrom,infrontof,behind,beside,beyond,ontheright/left,around,inside,outside,oppositeto,nextto,ontopof,across.,3)列举：forexample,suchas,first(ly),second(ly),finally,besides,apartform,foronethingforanotherthing4)比较:like,unlike,onthecontrary,incontrastto,ontheonehandontheotherhand,than,notsoas,asas,while,similarly,theformer,thelatter,someothers,onetheother,comparedwith,5)逻辑关系：a.并列：and,aswellas,alsob.转折：but,however,yetc.递进：besides,apartfrom,inaddition,whatsmore,furthermore,moreover,tomakethingsworsed.原因：because,becauseof,as,since,forthatreasone.结果：so,therefore,thus,asaresultf.让步：though,although,inspiteof,五、基础写作的推荐步骤：,1、认真审题2、归纳、排列信息点3、确定短语和句型、连词成句4、组句成篇5、检查修改,某报设有一个求助信箱，请根据以下表中列出的信息，以高三学生李华的名义给Mr.Helper写一封英文短信。信的开头和结尾已写好，不计入五句话。DearMr.Helper,Imasenior3student.IamnowingreatneedofyourhelpbecauseIcanhardlystandthegreatpressure._Iamlookingforwardtoyouradvice.Yourssincerely,LiHua,写作步骤：,第1步审题,写信,描述高三学生现状。,第一人称。一般现在时。,6项,第2步整合信息,译成英语。,1)每天在校时间约10小时。每天完成作业时间34小时。Everydaywestayatschoolforabouttenhourstohavelessons.Wespendatleastthreetofourhoursdoingourhomework.2)每天几乎没有时间娱乐、消遣。a.Wehardlyhaveanytimeforrelaxation.b.Hardlycanwefindanytimetodowhatwewant.,3)每天睡眠时间不足，不利于健康。a.Wedonthaveenoughtimetosleep,whichdoesharmtoourhealth.b.Wesufferfromlackofsleep,which,inthelongrun,isnotgoodforourhealth.4)负担过重的原因是面临高考。a.Themaincauseofourheavyburdenisthepressurefromthecollegeentranceexamination.b.Thereasonwhywearecarryingsuchaheavyburdenisthatwearefacingthecollegeentranceexamination.,5)父母对我们的期望很高。a.Ourparentsexpecttoomuchofus.b.Ourparentshavehighexpectationsofus.,DearMr.Helper,Imasenior3student.IamnowingreatneedofyourhelpbecauseIcanhardlystandthegreatpressure.Everydaywestayatschoolforabouttenhourstohavelessons_spendatleastthreetofourhoursdoingourhomework._,hardlycanwefindanytimetodowhatwewant._,Wesufferfromlackofsleep,which,inthelongrun,isnotgoodforourhealth.Thereasonwhywearecarryingsuchaheavyburdenisthatwearegettingthepressurefromthecollegeentranceexamination._,Ourparentshavehighexpectationsofus.Iamlookingforwardtoyouradvice.Yourssincerely,LiHua,第3步连句成篇,and,Asaresult,Whatsworse,Inaddition,Letstry!,假设你最近参加了由某电视台举办的中学生英语演讲比赛并获奖，该台准备组织获奖者去北京参加一次英语夏令营活动。电视台现就活动时间和活动内容征求你的意见。请按照以下要求以书信形式给予答复。1、选择适合你的时间并说明理由；2、解释你只能参加其中的两项活动（听英语讲座和教外宾学中文），虽然你认为所有的活动都很有意义；3、说明你选择的理由：听英语讲座了解英美文化的信息；教外宾学中文因为2008北京奥运让越来越多的外宾想了解中国。ImgladtobeinvitedtotheEnglishsummercamp.,08样题,
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