新目标英语九年级第5单元知识点

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Unit 5 What are the shirts made of ?课题: What are the shirts made of教学重点:掌握本单元中出现的生词 能够用英语描述及询问物品的制作材料 正确理解被动语态的用法及句子结构教学难点:理解被动语态的用法及句子结构语言点:1、made of. 由制(构)成。后接构成某物质的原料。 【例句】:This skirt is made of silk.这件裙子是用丝绸制成的。注:be made of/from/up of/in/by/into的区别 be made of 表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料是什么,保留原材料的质和形状,制 作过程仅发生物理变化。 【例句】:The kite is made of paper风筝是用纸做的。 be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征,或原材料在制作过 程中发生化学变化,在成品中已无法辨认。 【例句】The paper is made from wood纸是木头做的。 Butter is made from milk黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。 be made up of 用构成或组成的。指人、物皆可,指结构成分 【例句】Our class is made up of six groups. 我们班是由六个小组组成的。 be made in 地点 意为“在(地方)制成”; 【例句】The ring was made in Thailand. be made by 意为“被(某人)制成 【例句】The TV set is made by the workers in the factory . be made into 意为“被制成为.”,后接成品 【例句】This piece of wood will be made into a small bench .例: I think these coats are _ wool.A.made of B.made from C.made into D.made up of 【解析】本句句意:我认为这些大衣是由羊毛制成的。根据句意可知应填be made of(能 看出原材料),故选A.练习: (1) 这个飞机模型是用木头做的。 The model plane _ _ _wood. (2)葡萄酒是由葡萄酿成的。 Wine _ _ _ grapes. (3) 这些汽车是在上海制造的。 These cars _ _ _ Shanghai. (4)这些蛋糕是我姐姐昨晚制作的。 These cakes _ _ _ my sister last night. 2、 be famous for 因.而著名,相当于be known for;be famous as 作为.而著名, 相当于be known as; 【例句】: Her mother is known for her cooking skills.注: be famous for与be famous as的区别 这两个短语都是“以.而著名”的意思,但它们在含义和用法上有区别: 当主语是表示人的名词时,be famous for表示“以某种知识、技能、作品或特征而 出名”,be famous as则表示“以某身份而出名”。 【例句】: Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity. Einstein was famous as a great scientist. 当主语是地点名词时,be famous for表示“以某种特点(产品)而出名”;be famous as则表示“以什么样的产地而出名”。 【例句】:Scotland has many lakes and mountains, and is famous for its beautiful countryside. The area is famous as a green tea producing place. 当主语是事物名词时,be famous for表示“以其内容、特征、价值等而被人所知”; be famous as则表示“以某种形式出名”。 【例句】: This grammar book is famous for its practical usage. This book is famous as a reference book. be famous to 意为“为.所熟知” 【例句】: He is famous to the people all over the world .3、produce v. 生产,制造;也可做名词,意思是:产品;产量;产额;结果 【例句】They produce all kinds of toys in this factory. 注:produce、make和grow的用法 produce可以表示生产汽车、机器通过制造而获得的产品 ;也可以表示生产粮食蔬菜、 通过种植而获得的产品 【例句】producecars/planes生产汽车、飞机 Theyproducewheatandrice.他们生产小麦、稻谷。 make制造 主要指制造工业品;如:makecars/planes制造汽车、飞机; grow种植、栽培;主要指庄稼,农产品; 【例句】Theygrowwheatandriceeveryyear. 他们每年种小麦水稻。例:Many of us knows how to _tea, but few knows where tea trees are_. A. make, made B. grow, grown C. produce, made D. make, grown【解析】根据题意可知,第一空“是怎样泡茶”make tea ;第二空是“种茶树”grow tea trees; 故答案选择C。4、It seems that”意为“看起来好像/似乎”,其中seem是连系动词,意为“似乎; 好像”,句型中的it是形式主语,不能用其他代词来替代 【例句】It seems that he was late for the train. 看来他没赶上火车。注:seem的几种常见结构 seem to do sth,此句型可与“It seems that”转换。 【例句】They seem to find the way to the cinema. =It seems that they find the way to the cinema. seem+形容词 【例句】 My temperature seems (to be) all right. seem+名词 【例句】 That seems not a bad idea. 例:看起来他在考试前一点都不紧张。 _ that he was not a bit nervous before the exams. 【解析】用“It seems that”结构,再由was确定seem要用过去式。正确答案是It seemed。5、 avoid v. 避免,回避;为及物动词,后接动词时要用动名词,不能用不定式。【例句】 He avoided answering my questions.6、no matter +特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句。意为“无论.”,相当于whatever. 【例句】No matter what I said to her, she still didnt believe me.注:no matter常用作连词词组,作“不管”、“无论”解,后接what / who / when等词, 引导让步状语从句,主要用于“no matter what / which / who / whose / where / when / how+主句”句型中。我们在运用时,应注意以下几点。(1)从句的时态no matter what / who / when表示无论在什么条件下进行随意的选择, 都会出现主句所发生的情况,因此,从句中可用一般现在时表示未发生的动作。【例句】:No matter when he comes again,hell be welcome。 No matter how many patients come ,we shall be able to look after them。 被修饰的名词或形容词、副词的位置 no matter what / which / whose还可以修饰名词,此名词必须紧跟其后,置于从句 的主语之前;no matter how修饰形容词或副词时亦如此。【例句】:No matter whose bag it is, it will be kept here until the owner returns。 Well have to find the job, no matter how long it takes。 no matter who, what, when等引导让步状语从句时,可与whoever, whatever, whenever等换用。【例句】:No matter who knocks,dont open the door。 = Whoever knocks dont open the door。 No matter what problem you have,turn to me。 = Whatever problem you have,turn to me。 例、_(无论是什么麻烦)Jack gets into, he never seems to lose heart.(trouble) 【解析】此题要求用所给词的提示完成句子,考查no matter引导的让步状语的用法;答 案是:No matter what trouble。7、find out, 查出,找到 ,指有目的,经过一定努力才找到。 【例句】The police are trying to find out where the boy got off the train.注:find, find out与look forfind,find out和look for都含有“寻找、找到”的意思,但其含义和用法却不同。find意为“找到、发现”,通常指找到或发现具体的东西,也可指偶然发现某物或某种 情况,强调的是找的结果。 【例句】 Will you find me a pen? He didnt find his bike. look for意为“寻找”,是有目的地找,强调“寻找”这一动作。【例句】 I dont find my pen,Im looking for it everywhere. He is looking for his shoes. find out意为“找出、发现、查明”,多指通过调查、寻问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚、 弄明白”,通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义,指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。【例句】 Please find out when the train leaves. Read this passage,and find out the answer to this question.例:The police is visiting the neighborhood and trying to _the truth of the fact. A. look for B. search C. find D. find out 【解析】look for, search指的是找的动作。Find指偶然发现,find out 指通过调查、寻 问弄明白。故选D。8、lively adj. 生气勃勃的;(颜色)鲜艳的。 【例句】Our English teacher often makes his class lively and interesting. 注:alive、live、living和lively的用法 lively 有“活泼的、快活的、生动的”等意思,可以指人或物,可作定语或表语; 没有“活着的”意思,而其他三个都有。 【例句】:Young children are usually lively. alive、live、living都有“活的、有生命的”意思,与dead意义相反。但live通常 只作前置定语,且一般用于动物;alive、living不仅可作定语(alive只能置于名词后; living一般置于名词前,也可置于名词后),也可以作表语。 【例句】This is a live(=living) fish.(=This is a fish alive.) 这是一条活鱼。(指动物,且作定语时,三者均可用) Whos the greatest man alive(=living man)? 谁是当今最伟大的人物?(指人,不能用live) living主要指在某个时候是活着的,而alive指本来有死的可能,但仍活着的。而且, 作主语补足语或宾语补足语时,只能用alive;作比喻义(如“活像.”、“活生生的” 等)解时,要用living。 【例句】:The enemy officer was caught alive.(作主语补足语,不用living)那位敌 方军官被活捉了。) He is the living image of his father.(比喻义,不用alive) 他活象他父亲。只有living前加the方可表示“活着的人”,作主语时,视作复数。【例句】:The living are more important to us than the dead. 活着的人对我们来说比死去的人更重要。例:The story was so _that we all lost ourselves in it. A. live B. alive C. living D. lively【解析】live为动词,意为“生活,居住”;alive是形容词,意为“活着的”;living 形 容词,意为“鲜活的”; lively形容词,意为“生动的,活泼的”。根据句意“这 个故事是如些的生动”可确定选D。9、everyday adj. 每天的;日常的 everyday是every和day构成的合成词。everyday是形容词, 仅用在名词前作 定语,不能单独使用。【例句】 everyday life日常生活everyday activities 日常活动注:everyday与every day 辨析 every day是副词短语,意为“每天”,用作时间状语。【例句】The teacher asked us to read English books every day. 10、competitor n. 参赛者;竞争者 compete (动词)+ or competitor (名词) 【例句】 We can compete with the best teams. Each competitor should wear a number.11、 complete v. 完成 complete sth. 完成某事 complete doing sth. 完成做某事【例句】They made every effort to complete the task. They have just completed building the bridge. 12、such as和for example都有“例如”的意思,但是它们的用法有所不同。 such as常用来列举同类人或事物中的多个例子。 【例句】 I like animals, such as dogs, bears and pandas. for example一般只以同类人或事物中的“一个”为例。 【例句】He has ever been to many countries, for example, Australia.13、 turninto表示“把变成;使变成”,而turn into表示 “转变;变成”等意思。 【例句】 Can you turn an egg into a flower? The sunny morning turned into a rainy day. 14、It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 是英语中的常用句型,意为“花费(某人) 多长时间做某事”。其中it是形式主语,动词不定式(短语)是真正的主语。 【例句】 It took Jack three hours to make the model plane.15、“find it +形容词+that从句”,意为“发现.(是怎么样的)”,其中it 作find 形式宾语,that引导的从句为真正的宾语。形容词作find的宾语补足语。 【例句】 He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China. 注:find作“发现;发觉”讲时,其后可接各种形式的复合结构 find +宾语+名词 【例句】We have found him (to be) a good boy. find +宾语+形容词 【例句】He found the room dirty . find +宾语+现在分词 【例句】I found her standing at the door.16、 rise 与raise区别 rise不及物动词,常指自然的“上升、上涨、起立、起床等” 【例句】The sun rises in the east . raise 及物动词,常指人为的“增加、上涨、升上去等” 【例句】If you know the answer,you can raise your hand .
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