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新标准大学英语3Unit16. (1)我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午5点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。（2） 明天行吗？明天只是个谎言；根本就没有什么明天，只有一张我们常常无法兑现的期票。明天甚至压根儿就不存在。你早上醒来时又是另一个今天了，同样的规则又可以全部套用。明天只是现在的另一种说法，是一块空地，除非我们开始在那里播种，否则它永远都是空地。你的时间会流逝（时间就在我们说话的当下滴答滴答地走着，每分钟顺时针走60秒，如果你不能很好地利用它，它就会走得更快些），而你没有取得任何成就来证明它的存在，唯独留下遗憾，留下一面后视镜，上面写满了“本可以做”“本应该做”“本来会做”的事情。7. (1)Students differ about whether they should have their future mapped out when they are still at university .Some think they should have a definite goal and detailed plan, so as to brace themselves for any challenges, whereas some others think they dont have to think much about the future , because future is full of uncertainties.（2） After a very careful check-up ,the scientist was told he had got a fatal disease .Although he knew that his life was ticking away ,instead of complaining about the fate ,the scientist decided to make the best of the remaining days ,and speed up the research project he and his colleagues initiated ,and have a shot at completing it ahead of schedule.Unit24.（1）我的飞行梦像达利的风景画那么真实可信，以致于自己会常常在一阵惊吓中醒来，好像伊卡罗斯那样从空中摔下来，虽然发现自己刚好掉到软软的床上，但也被吓得喘不过气来。当超人开始侵入我的梦乡，并教给我飞行的技巧之后，我每夜的太空冒险便开始了。超人身着耀眼的蓝色衣服，肩披随风飕飕作响的斗篷，经常从我身边呼啸而过。他长得太像我的舅舅弗兰克了，舅舅那会正跟妈妈和我住在一起。当超人的斗篷神奇地旋转时，我好像能听见上百只海鸥的振翅声，上千架飞机的马达轰鸣声。（2）相反，根据海伦莫顿的研究，太平洋岛国汤加的儿童经常挨父母和哥哥姐姐的打。人们认为儿童和成年人相比更像疯子，因为他们缺乏被大家看中的社会能力（汤加人称之为poto）。小孩子经常因为笨手笨脚而挨骂，他们连摔跤都会被嘲笑呵斥，甚至被打。人们认为儿童很顽皮，都是因为淘气他们才哭闹，或者要东西吃。在大人看来，三至五岁的儿童尤其任性，因此他们打这个年龄段的孩子也打得最狠。孩子们相信，只有靠训导和体罚才能使孩子获得社会能力，所以他们用一种在外人看来非常严厉的方式对待孩子。5(1) At the railway station , an old man told me his experience in the Liberation War , the fighting stories of which were of great fascination to me . Then he got up on the train and it roared past me . But the stories were so real and definite that I greatly marveled at the courageous deeds of those war heroes. (2) Effective environmental policy might bring about a good environment ,as well as reducing energy consumption . Looking back on the recent development of this region , we find , to our pleasant surprise , that little exception has been taken to the environmental policy of the local government , and the policy has raised the environmental awareness of the local residents and prompted them to save energy as possible as they could.Unit36（1）可能的话，你不妨听听巴赫的平均律钢琴曲集中的48个赋格主题。依次地、一个个地听听其中的每一个主题，你很快就会意识到每个主题都反映了一个不同的情感世界，你很快也会意识到你越觉得某个主题美妙，就越难找到令你完全满意的字眼来描述它。是的，你当然知道那个主题是欢快的还是悲伤的。换句话说，你能够在脑海中勾勒出那个主题的情感框架。那么就更仔细地听一下这个悲伤的主题吧，要明确悲伤的性质。是悲观厌世的悲伤，还是无可奈何的悲伤？是时运不济的悲伤，还是强颜欢笑的悲伤？（2） 我们对戴珍珠耳环的少女的了解比对维梅尔的其他作品都少。实际上，这种无法解释的背景资料的缺失甚至会使得该画更受欢迎。正因为如此神秘，这幅画先是成了一部小说的主题，而后又被一部电影所采纳。它们都试图揭开有关这幅画的一些谜题，其中一个是：女孩那双睁得大大的眼睛，以及那一丝神秘的微笑，到底是天真还是诱惑？像小说或电影这类媒介更适合作出回答。7（1）As the wedding ceremony was approaching, Susan had become quite anxious. She could not pin down what exactly was troubling her. After a long talk with her close friend Kate, she realized that, although she was 28 years old, she was not emotionally mature enough to be ready for marriage and she was not sure whether the marriage would guarantee her a happy family life.（2） She knew that Chinese students had a way of shying away from revealing their feelings or opinions, due not merely to their lack of confidence in spoken English, but to their belief in the virtue of modesty. So she specially conceived a couple of simple topics and encouraged them in the discussion, in order that they might become more confident and closer with each other.Unit47(1）即使是那些从事市场研究工作的成年人也难很想象公关部的每天都在做些什么。一名普通的系统分析师肯定不知道空间推销员在店里都干些什么，就好像空间推销员对分析系统的工具也一窍不通一样。 （2） 不管怎么说，这就是那耳熟能详的套话。可是，让我们有这种论调的正是缘自我们对新奇事物的过度迷恋，对深层次历史模式的无知，以及我们的狂妄自大。为了证明相比于先辈们的优越性，我们夸耀说自己生活在一个前所未有的变革期。但是，有一个很好的例子可以用来证明，实际上我们并没有生活在多么有趣的时代。8（1）We couldnt make of their proposal at all, because it was no easy job for us to come to grips with their perspective. It was a safe bet that we were as much baffled about their way of thinking as they were about ours. I think we need to arrange a meeting to clear up misunderstandings and to remove communication barriers. （2）From a biography written by one of his former colleagues who had worked with him for more than two decades, it is not difficult to conclude that what he represented was nothing if not the elite class of the country in the wake of World War II, who were rather conservative in terms of religious and political views. Unit56 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese .(1) . Josh shivered as he checked the address on the slip of paper in his hand. Hed never been to Joannes, but knew it by reputation, not because of its food, which had often been maligned, or its jazz orchestra, which had a guest slot for a well-known movie director who played trumpet, but because of the stellar quality of its sophisticated guests: politicians, diplomats, movie actors, hall-of-fame athletes, journalists, writers, rock stars and Nobel Prize winners in short, anyone who was anyone in this city of power brokers.答案：乔希打了个冷战，他打开手里的纸条核对了一下地址。之前他没来过乔安妮餐厅，但对于它的鼎鼎大名却早有耳闻，倒不是因为这里的饭菜有多美味，其实这里的菜品屡遭恶评，也不是因为这里的爵士管弦乐队有一位知名电影导演客串吹小号，而是因为这里汇集了有头有脸的宾客，可以说是星光璀璨，他们中有政客、外交家、电影明星、载入名人堂的体育明星、记者、作家、摇滚明星、诺贝尔奖得主等等总之，这里的每一位客人都是这座权力之城里的一个人物。(2) The Swedes and the Saudis in this true story have different concepts of the role of personal relationships in business. For the Swedes, business is done with a company; for the Saudis, with a person whom one has learned to know and trust. As long as one does not know another person well enough it is convenient to have present an intermediary or go-between, someone who knows and is trusted by both parties. At the root of the difference between these cultures is a fundamental issue in human societies: the role of the individual versus the role of the group.答案：在这个真实的故事里，瑞典人和沙特人对人际关系在商业中的作用有着不同的理解。对瑞典人来说，他们是在和一个公司做生意；但对沙特人来说，他们是在和一个他们了解并且信任的人做生意。只要他们对某个人还不够了解，就会让一位双方都认识并信任的中间人或介绍人在场，这样做会比较方便。这两种文化的差异源于人类社会的一个根本问题：即个人角色与集体角色的问题。7 Translate the paragraphs into English .(1 )这位年轻人是个侦探小说迷，在看了福尔摩斯探案故事之后，他自以为完全掌握了侦探技巧，于是就开始调查一起抢劫案。经过几个星期的周密调查，他倒是追查到了三名疑犯，只可惜案发时这三个人都身在国外。(know sth inside out; track down) 答案：This young man liked reading detective stories. After finished reading Holmes stories, he thought he had known the detectives skills inside out and started to investigate a case of robbery. After a few weeks of close investigation, he tracked down three suspects, who turned out to be abroad when the robbery took place.(2) 在本书中我们确实体会到了两种文化之间的差异。不过作者没有详细叙述这些差异，而是仔细讨论了两种文化的相同点，其中说得最多的是为什么这两种文化都如此强调工作的热忱。(dwell on; of which; loyalty) 答案：In this book, we do find some differences between the two cultures. But instead of dwelling on the differences, the author presents lengthy discussions on things they have in common, of which their loyalty to work are most thoroughly touched upon. Unit66 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese (1). I thought how we firemen were always saying to each other, Ill see you at the big one. Or, Well all meet at the big one. I never knew how it started, or when Id picked up on it myself, but it was part of our shorthand. Meaning, no matter how big this fire is, therell be another one bigger, somewhere down the road. Well make it through this one,and well make it through that one, too. I always said it, at big fires, and I always heard it back, and here I was, thinking I would never say or hear these words again, because there would never be another fire as big as this. This was the big one we had all talked about, all our lives, and if I hadnt known this before just before these chilling moments this sick, black noise now confirmed it. (? 这段话由许多短句构成，要注意短句间语气的连接。像at big fires，all our lives等词语应该调整语序。)答案：我想起我们消防员平常总互相打趣说：“在大火中见吧。”或者是“我们肯定会在大火中碰面的。”我不知道这种说法是怎么来的，或者我自己是从什么时候开始说起这种话来的，但这就是我们的暗语。意思是不管这场火有多大，以后在别处还会有比这更大的。我们能安然无恙地度过这场火，也会安然无恙地度过下一场火。遇到一场大火时，我总是这么说，也总听别人这么说，可现在，我呆在这儿，想着自己再也不会说这样的话了，也不会再听到别人这么说了，因为再也不会有比这更大的火了。这会是我们大家一辈子都在说的那场大火，如果以前就在这一个个令人胆战心惊的瞬间之前我没有认识到这一点的话，现在这浑厚的、不祥的响声印证了这一点。（2） Named as the first chairman of the UN Human Rights Commission, Roosevelt oversaw the two-year process of drafting and securing passage of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Additionally, her clashes with representatives of the Soviet Union led one Republican to lean forward in his chair and state he wouldnt allow his name to be used for fear of being labeled as a Democratic supporter Now, if you want to know what I think about Mrs Roosevelt, she is tuh-riffic! Mrs Roosevelt is unique in her capacity to create an understanding of our position in the minds of the delegates of other countries. Her performance is so superlative that it is rather unexpected to be asked to evaluate her in ordinary terms.答案：作为联合国人权委员会的首任主席，罗斯福监督了世界人权宣言历时两年的起草和通过的全过程。此外, 她和苏联代表的交锋让一位共和党人从椅子上朝前探过身来，说出了下面一番话因为怕被当成是民主党的支持者，他不愿意透露自己的姓名“如果你想知道我对罗斯福夫人的看法，那我会说她真是了不起! 罗斯福夫人有一种独特的能力，能让其他国家的代表清楚地了解我们的立场。要用平常的语言来评价她高超的外交手腕，一时间还真不知道该怎么说。7 Translate the paragraphs into English.1 人们很不理解为什么他一份工作干了30年，大多数人到了他这个年纪至少已经换了四五份工作了。也许对他来说，为了获得更高的薪水或是寻求体验新事物的刺激而换工作毫无意义。在他看来，唯一重要的事是稳定。(stick with; point; thrill) 答案：People are quite puzzled about the fact that he has stuck with the same job for 30 years when most people of his age have changed at least four or five jobs. Maybe for him there is no point in changing jobs for a higher pay or for the thrill of experiencing something new. The only thing that matters, in his point of view, is stability.2 协会中的大多数会员认为应该竭力游说政府，确保这项计划获得批准。至关重要的是要把决策者中的一些反对者争取过来。虽然这会很难，但是他们下定决心要作最大的努力。(lobby; win over; adj. + though it + be; utmost) 答案：Most members of the association believe that they need to lobby as hard as possible to make sure that the plan will be approved by the government. Its essential to win over some of the naysayer among the policy makers. Tough though it will be, they have made up their mind to make utmost efforts. Unit7翻译(1).司机不赶时间的时候碰到的红灯其实和赶时间的时候一样多；只是如果时间不紧急，红灯带来的不便要小得多。认为红灯出现的次数比绿灯多其实是一种错觉。产生这种错觉的原因很简单，因为司机有更多的时间去想红灯，而绿灯的时候，车子几秒钟之内就疾驰而过了这其实和在畅通的公路上开车没有任何区别而红灯却迫使司机改变行为，一小会儿的时间里要强迫自己努力一下,承受点压力，还要失去一两分钟的自由。所以红灯会深深地印在司机的脑海里，而绿灯转瞬间就被抛到脑后了.(2).人人都能学会唱歌吗？在撰写我最新出版的唱着歌的尼安德特人一书时，这个问题就一直萦绕在我的心头。我做的研究让我相信音乐才能是深深植根于人类基因中的，从进化史的角度来说，它比人类的口头语言都要古老得多。可是我本人一唱起歌来不是跑调，就是跟不上节奏。朋友们和学术同僚们都说，那都是因为我小时候对音乐失去了兴趣，只要上几节音乐课，我一定能放声歌唱。也许他们是对的。记得小时候，音乐老师们让我在全班同学面前独唱，让我觉得很丢脸。所以后来一有机会，我就躲开音乐，35 年来从来没有参加过任何音乐活动。说不定学一学我也能唱得不错.(1).The media doubt the claim that the two consecutive tragedies were independent of each other, and are dissatisfied with the fact that the President was not responsive immediately. When it comes to his competence in running the government, the media have long lost their trust, if only he could do well in his subsequent term.2.Keep remembering that do not humiliate your child because they dont gain good grades, as their memory of the humiliation will haunt them for a long time, turn them off from learning at an early age and prevent them from gaining positive attitudes towards life. The development of children can be sustained only when parents identify the strengths in their children and encourage them from time to time.Unit8翻译1.在国际妇女节那一天, 苏联的妇女们沐浴在男性所给予的爱意和感激之中因为这一天是假日，早上她们不用去上班，可以懒洋洋地躺在床上。而她们的丈夫们则要为全家人做早饭，虽然嘴里骂骂咧咧的，还弄得锅碗瓢盆叮当乱响；到了十点，丈夫颇为自豪地把煎得焦糊糊、皱巴巴的鸡蛋端到妻子跟前。盘子边上还放着一束鲜花，一份小礼物，可能是一瓶香水或者一双裤袜，妻子会高兴得大叫起来，激动好一会儿，直到孩子们怒气冲冲地跑过来，小脸 涨得通红，闹着要妈妈给他们做一顿像样的早餐.2.不管是好是坏, 世界在过去二十多年间所经历的变化可能比过去两百年间所经历的还要多。为了让彼此间联系得更紧密，营造出一个真正的地球村，我们消耗了更多的资源，烧掉了更多的能源，造成了更多的污染，灭杀了更多的动植物。过去，我们一直把电视看作是连接全世界的终极手段，直到我们了解了互联网，才发现事实并非如此。所有这些变化都让我们用另外一种眼光来看待外面的世界以及我们自己的家园。在这个全球市场中，得到任何东西都是要付出代价的。如果我们想拥有西方世界那著名的眩目而舒适的生活，我们也必须接受西方文化中的一些异常事物。当然，这并不是说节日对于西方人来说有着不同的意义。1.When he divorced his wife, he knew that he would never hear the end of it from his friends, because they all believed the rumor that he had dumped her for a younger woman. Whenever he bumped into a friend in the street, they would reprimand him severely for betraying his wife. He realized with his own experience that if a rumor stuck around long enough,people would gradually take it as true.。2.After undergoing so many misfortunes, he vents all his anger, discontent and despair on people around him,be they families or colleagues. Instead of shutting our eyes and ears to his anomalies, we should offer him more cares and love. We believe he is bound to recollect himself and go through the tough time.Unit9 图片格式，不太清楚Unit101 在这本书中，他试图找出一个合理的解释，来说明为什么这个古老的仪式不仅没有被现代文明所消灭，反在这本书中，他试图找出一个合理的解释，来说明为什么这个古老的仪式不仅没有被现代文明所消灭，而得以在全国传播。他的结论是，作为一个可以追溯到公元五世纪的传统，而得以在全国传播。他的结论是，作为一个可以追溯到公元五世纪的传统，它绝对不仅仅是一个可以被轻易抛弃的仪式，它象征着人类在宇宙中努力寻找和谐，抛弃的仪式，它象征着人类在宇宙中努力寻找和谐，以满足他们在一个混乱的世界中获得心灵宁静的欲望。中获得心灵宁静的欲望。(plausible; wipe out; trace back to; more than just; dispose of; symbolize) In this book he attempted to give a plausible reason to explain why this ancient ritual, instead of being wiped out by modern civilization, is spreading out through the whole country. His conclusion is that as a tradition that can be traced back to the 5th century, it is more than just a ritual that can be easily disposed of; it symbolizes the human effort to find harmony in the universe and thus satisfies peoples need to achieve peace of mind in a chaotic world. 2 这部电视剧主要讲述了一对恋人为了过上更好的生活，暂时分离，各自去他国留学的故事。其中，男女主这部电视剧主要讲述了一对恋人为了过上更好的生活，暂时分离，自去他国留学的故事。其中，人公分别时在机场相拥而泣的场景最令人感动。不管它真实与否，人公分别时在机场相拥而泣的场景最令人感动。不管它真实与否，流畅的剧情和主要演员所展示出的精湛演技还是让观众对该剧评甚高。技还是让观众对该剧评价甚高。(that of; depart; embrace; adj. + or not; storytelling) The story of this TV series is that of a couple who, in order to earn a better life, depart each other and study overseas on their own. The most striking scene is when the hero and heroine embrace each other and say farewell at the airport. Factual or not, it is highly praised by the audience because of its smooth storytelling and sophisticated acting skills of the feature actors .英译汉部分没有找到，附UNIT10课文翻译都市神话还是都市传奇？伦敦有着世界上最为庞大的地下隧道网络。但是对某些伦敦居民来说，隧道不仅仅给他们的生活提供了便利他们还以此为家。伦敦地下人是生活在街道下面的一族。他们属于人类，却不会说英语，他们有自己的风俗习惯。他们中的个别人偶尔也会到地面上来。他们只有在晚上才会从一条黑魆魆的偏僻街道的下水道里钻出来，到地面上活动，而且一听到脚步声，他们就会躲到黑暗的小巷子里藏身，直到没有了动静才出来。日出之前，他们又会回到地下。没有几个伦敦人真正见过他们，但是某人的朋友的朋友曾经见过他们好几次。这是真事吗？很可能不是。这是在很多语言中被称为都市神话的一个典型例子。都市神话是你通过口口相传听来的故事，讲述的是一些可能发生过的事情，一个杜撰的，从别处听来的故事，却被当作真事来讲，听起来像真的似的。不论是真是假，都市神话依赖的是讲故事的技巧以及来源的可靠性，比如“这件事发生在我弟弟的朋友的母亲的身上。”但是，有一些学者认为都市神话并非真正的神话。在他们看来，神话故事对于讲故事和过去听故事的人来说都有某种宗教或精神层面的意义，而且神话帮助人们表达共同的信仰和价值观。不管一个神话看上去是多么匪夷所思，对于那些从属于这些文化的人来说，它永远是真实可信的。那么我们该不该用“都市神话”这个术语呢？让我们来看一下经久不衰的都市神话之一：“消失的搭车客”。故事的大概是：一个司机独自开车行驶在漆黑的乡村公路上，他看到一位年轻女子在路边要搭车。司机停下来，让她上了车。很快司机就把她送到了目的地，他们相互道别。可直到后来停车时司机才发现，这个年轻女子落了一件外套在车上，兜里还装着一个钱包，有的故事是兜里装着个旧信封。于是他按照钱包里或信封上的地址把外套送回去。一位老妇人开了门，司机向她讲述了事情的经过。原来，这件外套是老妇人女儿的，而她的女儿已经在几年前的车祸中去世了，车祸的地点正是司机让她上车的那个地方。那一天也正是车祸的周年纪念日。事实上，和许多别的神话一样，这个故事可以追溯到20世纪或是21世纪的汽车和公路出现之前的其他国家和地区，比如瑞典和东非。这个故事还具有传统神话所共有的其他一些特征。正如我们所看到的，这个故事是讲给那些愿意相信它并持有相同的文化价值观的人听的。多年以来，这个故事被人们讲了又讲，在不同的地方还被添加了专属于各地文化的一些元素。最后，这个故事变得好玩、刺激，引人入胜。另外一个很出名的都市神话是关于佛罗里达小短吻鳄鱼的故事，大人们去佛罗里达度假，回纽约的时候会给孩子们带几条小鳄鱼。后来短吻鳄越长越大，不像小时候那么可爱了。大人们只好把它们扔进抽水马桶里冲掉。但是其中一些短吻鳄活了下来，所以现在有一些成年短吻鳄在纽约曼哈顿街区下面游荡。这也是一个神话，因为它描绘了一个城市或地区的地理状况，提醒人们注意某些潜在的危险。在希腊神话中，奥德修斯在意大利大陆和西西里岛之间狭窄而危险的海峡里航行，前有女海妖斯库拉，后有海妖卡律布狄斯。短吻鳄的故事也同样是要提醒纽约人，坐地铁的时候要注意安全。都市神话也可以是道德故事或是“警示”故事。这其中最有名的是，一个男子坐在旅馆的酒吧间喝酒，有一个人请他喝了一杯。等他醒来的时候，发现自己躺在房间的浴缸里，身子被埋在冰块下面。墙上贴了一张纸条告诉他不要乱动，立刻打911。接线员遇到过很多这样的情况，让他去摸一下后背下部，动作一定要缓慢。如果脊部插着一根管子，那就说明他的肾被人摘走了，卖掉供人移植了。这个故事的寓意是：如果有人请你喝酒，你一提高警惕，同样，传统神话也告诉人们在各自的社会中应该如何恰当地为人处事。在神话中，神之所以如此行事，是要为人类树立一个好榜样。神话中人的行为高尚且勇敢。有时候神话中的人类英雄在历史上可能确有其人，可能正因为他们的高尚行为而变成了神。近年来，越来越多的都市神话不是通过口口相传，而是通过电子邮件的形式广为流传的，这些邮件通常是告诉大家要小心某一种病毒，它会删除你硬盘里的文件。通常只要看到那种“如果不把这封信转发给别人，就会有灾难性的后果”的警告，而且用了很多大写字母和惊叹号，你就知道这是一个都市神话。还有很多网络传言，它们对一些微不足道的小细节添油加醋，或者是捕风捉影，在流传过程中加入了越来越多的虚假证据，以证明它们的真实性。但这是神话吗？不是，不是传统意义上的神话。事实上，有一个更为准确的“骗局”，就是一些看上去是真的，而最终发现是假的，并且是用来故意误导人的东西。真正的神话其动机总是善意的。都市神话具有所有神话所共有的一些特征：它们通常记录了一些事件，人们相信它们的真实性，它们以口头形式代代相传，并且被逐渐夸大，它们通常包含一个道德寓意，或是警示某种特定情形或情况下可能存在的危险，它们告诉人们应该做什么、怎么做从形式上看，对于21世纪的听众来说，它们和希腊、罗马、凯尔特、维京、美索不达米亚以及中国的神 话一样真实可信但不同的是，真正的神话里总是有神或者接近神的英雄人物，有的神话讲述了创造世界和世界上的一些自然现象，如雷电、圣山之类的。与之相反，都市神话更为世俗化。伦敦的地下人和神灵没有半点关系，那个搭车客和司机也不是什么英雄，纽约的短吻鳄不代表什么自然现象，那个倒霉的商人的故事虽然是警示性的，但也绝对说不上是为英雄行为树立了榜样。总之，都市神话根本就不是神话，它是一种传奇，讲述一些新近发生的事情，故事是依据历史事件和人类英雄，或者仙女、女巫及其他的虚构人物来编排的。都市神话中的神话这个词我们只能从它的次要意项去理解：一些并非真实的东西。20
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