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中考英语书面表达类型及解题思路点拨同学们都知道英语和我们的母语一样是一种应用十分广泛的语言。学语言，我们应听、说、读、写、译五技并举。说和写是信息的输出，是我们之间交流思想，传达信息的重要手段，在交际过程中占有相当重要的地位，虽然信息社会给说带来了诸多便利，但书面表达的交际则不受时空的限制，可在更大范围内传播交流。因此新英语课程标准要求中学生在初中毕业时，能简单描述人物或事件，并表达自己的见解，能根据所给图示或表格写出简单的段落或操作说明；能用恰当的语言书写不同的问候卡；能用恰当的格式写便条和简单的信函；能给朋友，笔友写信，交流信息和情感等等。有鉴于此，各省，市的中考书面表达命题真是慎而又慎，命制了诸多类型。我们对2002、2003年全国30个省、市中考书面表达作过统计，有15.625%的省、市只用综合填空来代替写作，18.875%的实用性作文，其中大都是应用文，如发言稿、日记、书信（E-mail）、请柬、介绍人物，风景等。这些都能使我们在写作过程中享受学习英语的乐趣，为今后更好的学习、应用英语树立信心。同学们经过几个月的精心复习，相信一定已是信心百倍，正在向最后的中考冲刺。为了能在最为紧张的冲刺阶段提高书面表达能力，本文拟就中考书面表达评分标准介绍，归纳总结解题技巧，通过实例向大家介绍中考常见书面表达类型，透析解题思路，点拨要点，在演练厅，你将学后即用，得到及时巩固。知己知彼方能百战百胜。也许我们从中考试卷书面表达评分标准中能够得到一定的启迪。同学们在解题写作中要做到：书写工整认真，单词拼写准确，标点运用得当。审题仔细，明确要求作文，特别是给材料的控制性作文，审题尤为重要。首先要对提供的信息材料进行认真分析，整理，确定“中心话题”，根据写作要求，找准写作类型，是编对话，写短文，还是写贺卡，发Email，只有搞清类型，才能根据不同的体裁写出不同格式，风格各异的文章，才能在“形”上不“跑题”，这自然也包括写作的人称，时态，地点等信息。抓要点，列提纲，善取舍控制作文，不管信息是以文字，图表还是图画提供，我们都要把所给的要点一一在文中体现出来，决不能遗漏，对于图示作文，必须读懂画意，只有具体，透彻理解画意，我们才能确定“主题”，抓住要点，切入正题，不要为图中次要的内容所困绕。抓住要点，确定主题后，我们要在“谋篇”上下功夫，列提纲不失为一种好的形式（在阅卷中常常出现有的考生要点也全，拼写也准确工整，可就是得不到高分，主要一条，就是不注意“谋篇”，他们只是将要点一一译出），拟提纲时，中心要突出，条理要清晰，要将要点合理分布，连接，要善于取舍，不任意发挥，主次不分。谋篇 我们之所以再次赘述“谋篇”，确因其在同学们基本语言知识不相上下时，它是得高分的“秘密武器”，在“谋篇”过程中我们应遵循统一性，连贯性的原则。所谓统一性是指我们写出的句子，段子都要围绕主题展开，所描述的细节，事例和发表观点，情感态度等都要为主题服务。连贯性，要求所写文章有逻辑，有条理，不要让人读过之后感到只是若干句子的机械拼凑。行文 有了上述的允分准备，我们只能算成功了一半，只有在接下来的行文过程中（具体组织语言材料的过程），遣好词、造好句，力求做到语言正确，表达恰当，写出正确而又地道的英文句子，我们才算较为圆满的完成了写作任务，这样你会为你的文章得体，大方，错落有致而“窃喜”。词汇是语言的材料，文章因它而精彩。中考作文大都为控制性作文，它不允许我们大胆发挥，随意联想。在规定范围内我们必须把所给的词汇都用上，但又不得用更多的修饰词，以免因大量超出字数而扣分。在行文过程中，万一有哪个词写不出了，万不可空着，要尽量找出同义甚至反义的来代替，选择好词汇。文章的流畅通过句子体现出来，在行文过程中，我们要注意表达的先后顺序，更要注意开头和结尾句。 开头句要引人，主题句要清晰，支撑句要丰富，结尾句要简练、精辟。在表达中不写无把握的句子，应尽可能使用简单句，使前后句，上下文过度自然，正确使用连词等。总之，在行文过程中，我们应按题目的需要和自己实际英文水平，扬长避短，选用自己最熟悉的最有把握的词、句，注意各种时态，语态等多种句式的交替使用，出色完成任务。检查 这是写作中必不可少的一步。好多同学都会忽视这一点。检查中，我们应通读全文，看看体裁、格式是否正确，是否符合要求。当然最重要的是查找拼写，语法等方面错误，如单词拼写错误，大小写、标点错，冠词、介词、代词使用不当，名词单复数、主谓不一致，时态、语态错，句子结构错，内容不连贯等等。掌握了总体写作技巧，接下来我们将以近年来最常见的中考书面表达类型，通过透析解题思路，点拨要点，演练等分类进行，实战过关。【类型1】填空作文 此类题实际上就是完形填空，我们最常用的就是客观选择的完形填空，现在随着主观题的增加，在初级阶段采取汉语或图示提示填空，给首字母填空，直至自由完全主观填空，不失为一种好的形式，因为它不仅考查识记和理解能力，还在一定程度上涉及应用，分析，综合的能力。例1：根据下图所提供信息，填出短文中所缺的单词。Alice White150, Hudson StreetSydney,Australia Zhang Hong Grade Two No.67 Middle School Beijing, ChinaLook at this picture. It is a letter written in 1 . The letter is from 2 .Shes a middle school student in 3 . it is a city in 4 .She studies in Grade One. Her mother often tells her something 5 China and she hopes to this large and beautiful 6 soon. She sends the letter 7 December 25th. It is 8 Day. The letter is 9 Zhang Hong . She is a schoolgirl, too. She students at a 10 11 in the 12 of China, but she is 13 in Grade One. Alice 14 her good friend and she is always 15 to receive Alices letter.【思路分析】从图中所提供信息可推断此为一篇英文信封，左上方是写信人姓名，地址，收信人姓名及地址写在正中央或偏右。搞清这一点再加上综合分析完成15空将很容易。1. English 2. Alice 3. Sydney 4. Australia 5. about 6. country 7. on8. Christmas 9. to 10. middle 11. school 12. capital 13. not 14. is 15. please/glad【要点点拨】解此类题，我们不仅要仔细阅读所给材料信息，更重要的要通读全文。利用材料及文中信息，猜测意思，理解句子，弄清句子之间关系，理解全文。为了做好此类题，我们必须努力从字里行间寻求能够利用的线索，（例如上例，通过信封格式线索我们可准确填出1，2，3，4，10，11，通过Day的大写及上句日期可推断出8，根据地址中的Beijing和12空所在句的形式可知该空填capital按上下文及单词but可知13空写not等）。【演练大厅】根据短文内容，填入所缺单词（首字母已给） Life in the twentyfirst century will be d 1 from life today. Between t 2 and now many changes will h 3 . But what will the changes be? The population is growing f 4 . There will be many people in the world and most of them will live l 5 than people live now. Computers will be much smaller and more u 6 . There will be at least one in every h 7 . And computer studies will be one of the important s 8 in school then. People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more f 9 time for sports, watching TV and traveling will be much cheaper and e 10 . And many people will go to other countries for h 11 . There will be changes in our food, t 12 . More land will be used for building new towns and houses for all the people . Then there will less r 13 for cows and sheep, so meat will be more e 14 . Maybe no one will eat it every day. I 15 they will eat more f 16 and v 17 . Maybe people will be h 18 .Work in the future will be different, too. Dangerous and h 19 work will be done by robots. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a p 20 .Keys：different 2. then 3. happen 4. fast 5. longer 6. useful 7. home 8. subjects 9. free 10. easier 11. holidays 12. too 13. room 14. expensive15. instead 16. fruit 17. vegetables 18. healthier 19. hard 20. problem【类型2】：对话作文 这与我们熟悉的补全对话不同，它一般给出一定的情景提示（文字，图表，图画等）要求我们组编一组对话，一般都有句数限制。 例2：请根据下表所提供的信息编出一段对话，每人说话不超过5次。 Telephone MessageFrom: Tiantian To: MingmingDate: June 17,2003 Time: 5:00 pmMessage: Her mother is ill. She has to stay at home and look after her. She cant come and help you with your English. Mrs Fan【思路分析】根据上表，首先应判断出这是一份电话记录，其内容是：Tiantian向Mingming家打电话，而Mingming不在，Mrs Fan接了电话（这最关键，如果错把对话编成是与Mingming本人的就犯整体形式上的错误，不会得高分，甚至不得分）。Mrs Fan答应Tiantian转告Mingming，便写了上述的电话留言单，要点是：1妈妈生病，不得不在家照料。2不能来帮Mingming学习英语。（除了常见的电话用语，对话内容最主要的要体现message中的要点，【参考范文】 F: Hello, this is Mrs Fan. T: Hello, Mrs Fan. This is Tiantian (here). May I speak to Mingming? F: Sorry, shes out at the moment . Can I take a message? T: OK. Thats very kind of you . Please tell her my mum is ill, I have to stay at home and look after her well. I cant go and help her with English. F: Oh, Im sorry to here that. Ill tell her as soon as she comes back. T: Thank you , Mrs Fan . Byebye! F: Goodbye.【要点点拨】编写对话不同于写短文，我们应针对不同的对话形式选择相应的“客套话”，对话中应抓住要点，不说与内容无关的话，对话形式要完整，不要草草收场。【演练大厅】请根据情景提示编写一段对话，不少于10句。Tony的奶奶卧病在床，Tony前来探望【思路分析】如果你是Tony，你会问奶奶哪些问题呢？你很容易想到问奶奶怎么啦，是不是病了，什么时候病的，爸爸妈妈是否知道，想不想喝水，吃东西，想吃什么东西等。围绕这些问题，再设想一下奶奶可能作出的回答，也就有话可写了。请看参考范文：Tony: How are you today, Grandma?Grandma: Im not very well.Tony: How do you feel?Grandma: I feel tired (weak and sick).Tony: Did you stay in bed yesterday?Grandma: Yes, I did.Tony: What do you want to eat, Grandma?Grandma: I want to eat some dumplings.Tony: Ill tell my mother about that. Do you like some fruit?Grandma: Yes, please./No, thanks.Tony: Dont worry. Remember to take your medicine, Grandma.Grandma: Thanks, you are a good boy.【类型3】：材料作文 中考英语书面表达大部分都是材料作文，要么汉语要点提示，要么图表信息，要么英文材料等等。此类作文以记叙文为主，亦有说明性文章，间或夹有谈感受，表希望，发表议论等。例3：记叙文 根据中文提示和英文提示词语，写一篇意思连贯，符合逻辑的短文。所给英文提示词语必须都用上。字数60-70左右。昨天晚上我和妈妈出去散步。在路上我们遇见了一个外国人。他向我询问去温泉饭店（the Hot Spring Hotel）的路。我告诉他沿着路往前走，在第三个转弯处向左拐就能看见饭店。他非常感谢我，我也为能帮他而感到高兴。提示词语：go out for a walk, on the road, the way to, walk along, on the left, thank for, be happy that【思路分析】 抓要点：1 时间：Yesterday evening 2地点：on the way 3 人物：A foreigner，Mum and I 4事件：asking the way列提纲：1 Yesterday evening 故事发生时间 2 went out for a walk, met a foreigner故事开始，顺序为先 3 asked the way 事件起因 4 respond具体事件 5 happy 助人为乐的感受行文【参考范文】Yesterday evening, I went out for a walk with my mother. On the road, we met a foreigner. He asked me the way to the Hot Spring Hotel. I told him to walk along the road and take the third turning on the left, then he could see hotel. He thanked me very much for my help. I was happy I could help him.【要点点拨】与汉语一样，记叙文以叙事为主，只要我们汉语作文写得好，英文功底扎实，就不愁写不好书面表达。记叙文的要素是：时间，地点，人物，事件。对此我们要做到：时间具体，地点明确，人物详尽，叙述有序、得当，主次分明，即以描述事件的开始，发展为主，结尾可轻描淡写，三言两语，可发表看法，感受。当然，由于记叙文的种类很多，我们可以根据不同的类别选择不同的记叙顺序，使用不同的语言。【演练大厅】根据中文意思和英文词语，写出意思连贯，符合逻辑的英文文段。所给英文提示词语必须都用上；中文提示内容不必逐句翻译；每组英文提示所写出的句数不限。林涛非常喜欢旅游，去年他和同学们去了香港，在那里他们1. Lin Tao ,travel.2.last year, Hong Kong, classmatesmeet, foreign people , try , talk, in Englishhappy, understanddecide, study, harder, back , school【思路分析】通过阅读以上提示，可知该文是一篇记叙文。文章所要表达的是：在香港，他们遇到一些外国人，他们试图用英语和他们交谈，他们为外国人能听懂他们的话而感到高兴。他们决定回校后好好学习英语。条理清楚后，草拟全文：Lin Tao likes traveling very much. Last year he went to Hong Kong with his classmates. They met some foreign people there and tired to talk with them in English. They were happy because they could understand them. They decided to study English harder when they came back to school.例4：说明文假定你某日在南昌遇见一位外国游客向你询问有关乘车去庐山的情况。请根据下面所给内容用一段话向这位外国游客作介绍。（词数：不少于80）秀美庐山 笑迎宾客 南昌至庐山旅游交通时刻表 火车 汽车 始发 终点始发终点 南昌 九江南昌庐山 8：00 10：00 14：009：3011：3015：307：008：009：0017：009：0010：0011：0019：00注：九江火车站有汽车上庐山注：每小时一班【思路分析】从所给材料我们可以看出，本文是一篇以介绍为主的说明性文章，文章主题：乘车旅游。 介绍要点：乘火车，汽车。介绍说明顺序：先火车后汽车。巧妙连接：利用九江火车站有汽车上庐山转入介绍汽车。【参考范文】 You can go to Lushan Mountain either by train or by bus. There are three trains to Jiujiang . The first train leaves at 8:00, the second at 10:00, and the third at 2:00in the afternoon. When you arrive in Jiujiang, you can take a bus to Lushan at Jiujiang Train Station.You can also go to Lushan by bus. A bus leaves every hour from 7:00in the morning to 5:00in the afternoon. Lushan Mountain is very beautiful. I wish you enjoy yourself.【要点点拨】说明文就是用最简洁、易懂的语言，按一定的顺序将某一方面内容、事物特征介绍清楚。写说明文条理要清晰，表达实在，一般不掺杂个人感情，发表个人观点。简单一句话：说明具体得当，不说多余话。【演练大厅】春节快到了，今年春节期间，你的一位英国朋友Helen将来你家和你们一起过春节，请你以“The Spring Festival”为题写一篇文章向她介绍情况，以便了解中国习俗，愉快的度过春节。【思路分析】这是一篇近乎开放性作文，怎么写呢？我们可以从春节是中国最传统、最重要的节日着手，重点介绍春节中的风俗习惯，人们在春节期间的玩乐活动等等。由于我们对春节最为了解，故而可以写出风格炯异的文章来。下面是两篇长短不一的范文，请同学们仔细品味：范文1： The Spring FestivalThe Spring Festival is the most important festival for Chinese people. It always comes during winter holidays. Its time for families to get together. There is a big dinner on New Years Eve. On New Years Day children wear their new clothes. People say “Happy New Year” to one another. The next few days, they will be busy visiting friends and relatives. Everyone enjoys the Spring Festival.范文2：Of all the festivals, the Spring Festival is the most important in China.Several days before the Chinese New Year, people clean out their houses, take down the old pictures and put up new ones. On New Years Eve, they have a special family dinner. Everybody, even from far away, tries to come home for this celebration. During dinner they eat and chat, and then they watch the New Year TV programmes.The celebrations usually last 15days. On the first day of the New Year, the Chinese get up early and say “Happy New Year” to each member of the family. On the second and third days, they go to visit their friends and relatives.The 15th day of the first moon is the Lantern Festival. In the evening there are lantern shows or lion dances in parks and streets. People, both young and old, go out to enjoy themselves. Sometimes they sing and dance late into the night.类型4：应用文 应用文基本上都是材料作文，之所以我们把它单独分为一类，主要是应用文在中考中占的比重特大（达71.875%），而且这是我们学以致用，获得成功感的较好形式。常见的应用文有：书信 （含E-mail）、日记、贺卡、便条、通知、发言稿、自我介绍等等。下面我们将和大家一起通过实例共同巩固提高。例5：书信 假如你叫Liu Ning，是个中学生，经常收听音乐节目，请你用英语给节目主持人写一封信，信的要点如下：你很喜欢这个节目，特别（especially）是英语歌曲。学习很忙，疲劳时会打开收音机听这个节目。从英语歌曲中你学会了很多单词。在听有的歌曲中，你最喜欢“乡音小路”这首美国歌曲。 （词数60-80，注意信的书写格式）【思路分析】既然是书信，首先要搞清楚谁写信（Li Ming），写给谁（节目主持人），然后是信的内容（按要点进行）。除书信格式，要留意时态变化。【参考范文】Dear Sir,I am a middle school student. I often listen to your music programme. I like it very much, especially the English songs.As a student, I am busy with my studies. When I feel tires, I will turn on the radio and listen to your programme. I have also learnt many English words from these songs.Of all the English songs, I like “The Country Road” best. Love, Liu Ning【要点点拨】书信是最常见的应用文，书写书信一要注意格式；二要注意正文书写。信封格式：左上角写寄信人姓名、地址（门牌号、街道名/村、乡镇；县、市、区、省及邮编；国名），正面中稍偏右处写收信人姓名及地址。信头及信内地址：一般指收信人和写信人，自上而下右上角是写信人地址和写信日期，隔一行的靠左顶格是收信人地址，一般可省略。称呼语：比收信人地址低一行，顶格书写，最常用的是dear, 如Dear Mum， Dear Sir，当然我们还可以用Mr, Mrs， Miss， Dr， Prof加姓称呼。正文：一般信件与汉语一样每段可留有一定空格，而商业信件、公函等则多采用每段都顶格形式，只是段与段之间空一行。正文的内容通常依写信目的而定，可以包括诸多方面，语言要求符合书信特点，更要注意读、写、双方的“身份”，即准确得体，行文应流畅。结束语及签名：在信快完成时，常写一些祝愿的话，签名时多用Yours， Yours sincerely， Love，下面加自己姓名。【演练大厅】 Peilong在美国学习，几天前生病了，得到Mrs White的照顾，请写一封信给妈妈，告诉她你的近况，并询问爸爸在英国情况。写信地址已给，日期是：2003年6月18日。字数90左右。【思路分析】这是一封家书，自然关系亲密无间，因远在他乡加之生病十分想念家乡，信的主体自然围绕生病，看病展开。要求中提到爸爸，信中就应提及。【参考范文】Dear Mum, How are you ? I miss very much. I fell ill several days ago. I had a bad cold and had to stay in bed for a few days. Mrs White took me to the doctor. He gave me some medicine and told me to drink plenty of water. Now Im all right.Mum, dont worry about me. Ill take good care of myself. When will Dad come back from England ? Does he often write to you ?Please say hello to Aunt Huang. Im sending her some pictures in this letter.Love,Peilomg例6：E-mail假如你叫李华，在因特网上找到了一个叫David的网友，现在请你根据下列要点给David写一个E-mail，介绍你自己的一些情况。李华，中学生，家住在上海。喜欢集邮和运动。对英语很感兴趣，会唱不少英文歌曲。班里同学也想找网友，希望得到他的帮助。想去英国看看。注意：下面方框中所给词语可供你选择使用，也可适当增加一些词语，使所写出的短文正确、连贯。词数：65个左右。提供的词：live in, collect stamps, do some sports, pen friends, visit ones country , soon, English songs.【思路分析】按所提供信息，我们只要要点全，表达清楚，连贯即可。【参考范文】David,How are you ? My name is Li Hua. Im a middle school student. Im living in Shanghai now. I like collecting stamps. After school, I often play football or do some sports. Whats more, I like English very much and I can sing a few English songs. By the way, some of my classmates want to have their pen friends, too. Can you help us?I havent been to any foreign countries yet, so I hope Ill visit your country soon. Li Hua【要点点拨】E-mail是信息时代的产物，它比书信更简化，发送、接收更快捷，它省去了收、发人的地址及日期，余下的与书信基本相同。【演练大厅】 Helen正在中国度暑假，她刚刚收到父母的E-mail，他们询问中国饭菜饮食情况，请马上回复。【思路分析】回复Email，我们要切中要害，抓住要点，既然询问Helen在中国的饮食情况，那就不能描述学习情况，要记住“喧宾夺主”的含义。【参考范文】Dear Mum and Dad, Ive got your email. You asked me how I like Chinese food. My answer is “Its just wonderful!” All our friends and relatives in Nanjing have asked me to dinner one after another. In every home, there was something special. They all smelled nice and they were really delicious. Ive never had anything so delicious in England. Now I dont think Mum is cooking real Chinese food. Here in China, I never feel hungry, and I eat a lot at every meal. I just cant help taking food with my chopsticks. Everybody says Im getting fat! Love, Helen例7：日记今天是6月9日，星期天。早上，阳光明媚，一觉醒来已是6：45， 你匆忙赶到学校却发现无人上课，于是多快乐的一天啊！请椐此写一篇日记。要求：格式正确，表达完整，70词左右。【思路分析】 时间、人物有了，到校发现无人上课后干了些什么？和谁？在哪儿？何时回家？这都要我们自己去想象，关键只有一点，我们应围绕“快乐的一天”展开联想。【参考范文】June 9, 2003 Sunday Sunny Yesterday I got up at a quarter to seven. After breakfast I hurried to school. When I got to school, no other students were there. “Oh, it is Sunday today. We have no classes,” I thought . So I asked some friends to go for a picnic in the park. We had a good time yesterday. I came back by bus. When I arrived home, it was already dark. I went to bed at nine. It was a happy day.【要点点拨】日记是每天生活的记载。生活是丰富多彩的，要记载的也许很多，一般记当天最具有意义，感受最深，值得回味或吸取教训的事。可叙事，可明理，亦可夹叙夹议。写日记我们要注意：格式、人称及时态。【演练大厅】 接上例，当你和同学正在公园快乐玩耍时发现一个小孩一边吃橘子，一边随手把皮仍到河里，你是如何想的，请把它写在日记里。要求：1、语言规范，意思连贯，表达完整。 2、分两段，有记叙，有感想。3、5060词参考词汇：orange skin橘子皮；protect environment保护环境；behavior行为【思路分析】上例以叙为主，而本题按要求则在叙的基础上突出议，即重在“想”。【参考范文】June 9, 2003 Sunday SunnyToday I went to the park with my classmates. When We were playing a game, I saw a child. She was eating oranges. After eating, she threw some orange skins into the river.I think its a bad behavior and its bad for her to do that. We shouldnt do like that. We must protect environment and make our environment clean and beautiful.例8：贺卡 母亲节快到了，请你写一张贺卡送给你的母亲。【思路分析】贺卡好买，关键是内容填写，这与书信一样要分清写给谁（母亲），谁写（Li Dong）， 为何而写（母亲节）。【参考范文】To MumWith Best Wishes ForA Happy Mothers DayFrom Li Dong【要点点拨】贺卡与书信一样是沟通的桥梁。它通常是在欢庆节日，值得庆贺等特殊时日对亲朋好友，长辈，师长等表达祝贺的一种形式，其结构清晰，明了；其语言简洁、明快。贺卡通常由称呼、贺词、签名三部分组成。称呼，一般在贺卡左上方或正下方，常用Dear或To， 如Dear Sir， To our dear teacher等。贺词，一些常见的固定用语，一般根据不同的事情，不同的节日表达相应的祝愿话语，常见用语有：Happy+节日，With Best Wishes for+节日； May/ Congratulations，I hope/ with等等。签名，一般在右下角或正下方，可在姓名前加From，亦可直接签名。让我们看几张贺卡，体味一下： Dear Lucy，May you a happy 16th birthday ! Lily To Beibei, With Best Wishes For A Merry Christmas And A Happy New Year From PeilongTo Mr Zu,We all like having you as our English teacher. We are grateful for all that you have done for us. For all your students例9：通知星期三下午2：00， Dr A CHill将在校学生科学会堂作一个有关如何学英语的报告，请你为学校出份通知，让所有师生做好准备。通知时间：6月12日；单位：第四中学。【思路分析】这是一份通知，要按通知的格式去写，关键是抓住要点：时间：星期三下午2：00（报告时间），6月12日（落款时间）；地点：学生科会会堂； 人物：Dr ACHill（报告人）；教师、学生（参加人）；事件：听关于如何学英语的报告。【参考范文】 NOTICEAll the teachers and students,There will be a report on how to study English at 2:00. This Wednesday in the Students Science Hall. Please get everything ready, and be there on time.No.4 Middle School June 12, 2003【要点点拨】通知有别于其它应用文，它要简明扼要写明时间、地点、人物、事件、落款及写通知时间，其格式与汉语相同。 通知可分为书面通知和口头通知，上面是最常见的一种书面通知。有时我们还可以见到更为简洁、引人注意的通知，它类似于海报，如我们可以将上述通知改为： NOTICE A Report by Dr A, C, Hill Subject: How to Study English Time : 2:00p.m, Wednesday Place: Students Science Hall试与下述海报作比较：(China Football, February 3) Shanghai ShenhuaBeijing Guoan Team Vs Time : February 8, Sunday (3:00 pm) Place: Hankou Stadium(体育馆)Name: China Cup Football Contest Coaches: Xu Gengbao, Jim ZhiyangTicket Price: RMB25 yuan (for adults)(成人) RMB 15 yuan (for students) 口头通知有别于书面通知，它通常是面对面或通过广播向大家发布，用第一人称，说话时先来开场白，如：Be quite , boys and girls ! Ive got something important to tell you. 等，内容说完后应说句：Thank you. 例如我们可以将上述事情通过校广播通知大家： Attention, please! Ive got good news for you. Were going to have an important report on how to study English, by Dr ACHill. All the teachers and students are welcome. Please come to the Students Science Hall before 2:00pm. Try not to be late. Thats all. Thank you.例10：便条假如你叫李明，因患重感冒今明两天不能上学。请你参考下面方框中所给的词语给你的外籍英语教师写一张请假条，说明你这两天不能上学的原因。 Not feel well a bad cold Stay in bed cant go to school For two days get well soon注意：1 开头部分已写好，只需接着写。尽量使用方框中所给的词语，也可适当增加一些词语，使所写的短文正确、连贯。词数：60左右。【思路分析】请假条与书信格式一样，所给的几组词语实则就是要点，只要我们注意组句成文，时态转换就行了。【参考范文】Dear Mr Green,Im sorry to tell you that Im not feeling well today. This morning I went to see the doctor and he told me that I had caught a bad cold. He asked me to stay in bed for two days. So I cant go to school today and tomorrow. I hope Ill get well soon. Yours, Li Ming【要点点拨】便条是简化的书信，其内容大都是提要求、供信息、表歉意等，其特点是语言直截了当、简明易懂，其形式有：请假条、留言条、电话记录等。【演练大厅】请根据下列对话内容完成下面的电话记录。Lucy: Hello. 88434541. Whos that?Sam: Hello. This is Sam. May I speak to Miss Xu?Lucy: Sorry, shes out at the moment, but he will be back soon. Can I take a message?Sam: Yes, Id like to take her something about the SEnglish Times. Please tell her to call me back. My telephone number is 0527-6227439.
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