非谓语动词用法总结.doc

非谓语动词用法总结一 动词不定式to do 1以下动词后常跟不定式作宾语和宾语补足语want to do sth agree to do sth decide to do sth plan, to do sth learn to do sth hope to do sth fail to do sth happen to do sth , allowsb to do sth asksb to do sth tell sb to do sth showt(sb)o do sth teach (sb)to do sth invite(sb) to do sth encourage(sb)to do sth prefer to do sth refuse(sb)to do sth expect to do sth offer to do sth try to do sth would like to do sth remember to do sth forget to do sth seem to do sth volunteer to do sth help sb do sth /to do sth in order to do sth get/be ready to dowish sb. to do sth. cant wait to dohave to do sth can/cant afford t do make a decision to do sth, be sure to do sth be able to do sth stop to do sth sb need to do sth / sth need doing/ sth need to be done 2 sb be + adj（表示人心情的词）+ to do sthsb+be +sorry / glad / surprised / pleased / angry / happy / sure /excited/ amazed/relaxed/ lucky/ to do sth3. too to do sth too +adj/adv+ to do sth 4.enough to do sth adj/adv+ enough +(for sb )to do sth5 疑问词+不定式： how ,when , where, what, which + to do sth6 .固定短语后用动词不定式： (do)try ones best to do sth, It takes sb some time to do sth, Its ones turn to do sth. Its time(for sb.) to do sth. find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth. Its + adj + to do sth Its + adj + of / for sb to do sth Its easy / hard / important/ / impossible / interesting / difficult / necessary / for sb to do sth（adj描述不定式to do sth的特征，性质时常用for sb）Its good / kind / nice / wise / clever/ rude / patient / polite / foolish / right / wrong / careful of sb to do sth (描述主语人的性质，身份和特征时常用of sb)7.the+序数词first/second/third+名词/代词+to do sth表示第几做 8.名词或代词+不定式。不定式 to do 放名词或代词后修饰名词或代词 I need something to drink he has no money to buy a computer smile is the best way to make new friends they need a room to live in 9不定式to do 可用来表示目的可放句首.句末 二 使用V-ing分词的几种情况（一）以下固定搭配enjoy doing sth finish doing sth；feel like doing sth stop doing sthgo on doing sth like doing sthtry doing sth prefer doing sthmind doing sth miss doing sthpractice doing sth be busy doing sthcant help doing sth waste time/money doing;keep on doing keep sb.doingHave fun doing sth succeed（in）doing sth look forward to doing sth, have difficulty (in) doing sth,have trouble/problem (in) doing sth, have a hard /difficult time doing sth, have fun (in) doing sth, be against doing sth pay attention to doing sth, end up doing sth, be / get used to doing sth, stay up doing sth, spend time doing sth, put off doing sth, be always doing sth give up doing sth, be worth doing sth imagine doing sthprefer doing sth to doing sth feel like doing sth 2. there be 句型中here+be（is /are / was /were/will be/mustbe）sb/sth doing sth +地点 表示某地有某人某事某物正在做3.go +ving 表示进行某项活动构成的词组 go shopping / swimming / skating / hiking / fishing / walking /boating /dating / 4. do+some/the /ones+ving 5. ving+n构成名词短语 常用短语中 用Ving形式swimming pool, running star, smoking room, working hours, 7. 动词或动词短语作句子的主语用ving形式 ving形式放在 be之后作表语常表示经常 习惯性做某事 或做某事是一种兴趣爱好6. 感官动词后接动词ing形表示动作正在发生 see sb /sth doing sth hear sb /sth doing sthwatch sb /sth doing sth feel sb /sth doing sthnotice sb /sth doing sth find sb /sth doing sth7. No+ving 表示禁止 No swimming No smoking No talking No parking 8.在进行时态中9. 在介词后面用V-ing 常用介词有： 三 动词原形1 使役动词后面接动词原形let sb do sth have sb do sth make sb do sth 2 . 感官动词后接动词原形表示动作已完成或经常发生see sb do sth hear sb do sth watch sb do sth feel sb do sth notice sb do sth find sb do sth 3 情态动词后使用动词原形；常用情态动词 can cant could couldnt should shouldnt would wouldnt may might must musnt 4. 祈使句中使用动词原形 肯定句；动词原形头 否定句；Dont+动词原形5 表部分提建议的短语后用动词原形 had better(not) do sth why not do sth why dont you do sth will/could/would/youplease(not) dosth 6。 固定结构中用动词原形：would rather do sth than do sth would rather do sth Prefer to do sth would rather do sth 7 句中有助动词使用动词原形：常用助动词 do dont does doesnt did didnt will wont