2014年高考英语湖北卷及解析

绝密启用前 2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷）英 语本试题卷共16页，81题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。祝考试顺利注意事项：1. 答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用统一提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用统一提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3. 完成句子和短文写作题的作答：用统一提供的签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。英语听力资料：http:/www.171english.cn/gaokao/2014/tingli/hubei.html第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. 19.15 B. 9.15 C. 9.18答案：B1. What is Linda?A. A writer.B. A student.C. A teacher. 2. What is the man afraid of?A. Having an accident.B. Missing the interview.C. Saying something wrong.3. What does the woman want to do?A. To return a jacket.B. To change a jacket.C. To buy another jacket.4. Why does the man feel upset?A. A guy stole his clothes.B. He found his clothes ugly.C. Someone said he was ugly.5. What does the woman mean?A. She disbelieves her son.B. She feels very sorry for her son.C. She wants her son to use a new key.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why isnt Jenny at the store?A. She left work early.B. Shes late for work.C. Shes been out of work.7. How does the man feel about Jenny?A. Angry.B. Curious.C. Concerned.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is lying on the railway tracks?A. A man.B. A rock.C. A trunk.9. What are the speakers about to do?A. To move the rock.B. To wave the T-shirt.C. To find something red.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What does the man want to talk about?A. Lucys poor health.B. Lucys school education.C. Lucys work performance.11. What did the customer at Table 4 do that annoyed Lucy?A. He praised her.B. He made a complaint.C. He ordered the special offer.12. Why is Lucy in low spirits?A. She hasnt made a plan.B. She hasnt realized her dream.C. She hasnt become a good waitress.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. How does the woman think Mark feels?A. Anxious.B. Unhappy.C. Frightened.14. What was Catherine doing when the speakers got home?A. Reading her books.B. Playing with her friends.C. Chatting with the operator.15. What does the woman want to ensure?A. Mark can pass the exam.B. Mark can help people in need.C. Mark can apply what hes learned.16. What will the speakers do for Mark?A. Keep a record of his reactions.B. Create an unexpected situation.C. Write down their own experiences.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When did the magician first perform professionally?A. In 1964.B. In 1968.C. In 1972.18. What made the magician world famous?A. His TV show.B. His global tours.C. His teaching job.19. Which does the magician think is his greatest achievement?A. Project Magic.B. Box office records.C. The Magic of ABC.20. How is the magician different from other magicians?A. He practises hard.B. He believes in wonder.C. He started his career early.第二部分：词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节：多项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 例：To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _ and weaknessesA. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values 答案：A21. Her _ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.A. motivationB. qualificationC. talentD. technique 【答案】A 【解析】motivation动机 考查名词。译文：他写作的动机是希望女性获得更高教育的机会。A. motivation动机。与A项相关联的词是desire。22. When Richard said, “You are much more agreeable and prettier now,” Joans face turned red at the unexpected _.A. command B. comparison C. compliment D. contribution 【答案】C【解析】compliment意思是恭维考查名词。译文：当理查德说：“你现在更友善和漂亮”时，简因为这意外的恭维而脸红。干扰项是B项。要看话语的意图，不能停留在形式上。23. Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, but _ and went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow.A. slipped B. skied C. signalled D. sank【答案】A 【解析】slipped滑到，考查动词。译文：看见一大群人朝他过来，他开始望山下跑。但是他滑到了，手和膝盖磕在渐融的雪地上。24. The old rules have to be _ because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago.A. developed B. established C. observed D. revised 【答案】D【解析】revised 修改，考查动词。译文：老的规则要修改，因为他们只适用于一百多年前制定时所适用的状况。 C项干扰项 遵守。语义不合乎逻辑。25. Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I cant seem to _.A. get through B. get off C. get in D. get along 【答案】A【解析】get through 接通电话，考查动词短语。译文：一整晚上我都试图给查尔斯打电话，但是网络肯定出了故障：我似乎不能接通电话。26. Is this your necklace, Mary? I _ it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.A. came across B. dealt with C. looked after D. went for 【答案】A【解析】come across 偶遇，意外发现，考查动词短语。译文：玛丽这是你的项链吗？今天早上我在清理浴室时意外发现它。D. went for 适用于。27. What was so _ about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.A. awful B. essential C. impressiveD. obvious 【答案】C【解析】impressive留下深刻印象的，考查形容词。译文：Jasmine Westlands 的成功令人印象深刻的是 ，她光着脚第一个冲过了马拉松的终点。was impressive about 令人印象深刻的，类似的be special about。28. Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a _ smile and let him go.A. cautiousB. grateful C. tolerantD. wild 【答案】C【解析】tolerant宽容的，考查形容词。译文：不但没有责备打破花瓶的那个孩子，相反她露出了宽容的微笑，让他走了。D. wild 2013年出现在湖北省完型中，考的是副词wildly。29. Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said _, “Dont be so mean,” pointing a finger of warning at her.A. dreadfully B. guiltily C. indirectly D. sharply 【答案】D【解析】sharply 机敏地，尖刻地考查副词。译文：Sabrina刚一说完，Albert就反唇相讥：“别那么小气。”同时用威胁的手势指着她。30. Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables _ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.A. in demand B. in store C. on loan D. on sale【答案】B【解析】in store 储存，介词短语。译文：检查胡萝卜、土豆、洋葱及其他储存的蔬菜，要马上吃或者把有腐烂迹象的蔬菜扔掉。 C. on loan 借款。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When our restaurant business failed, we headed north in a camping truck to Texas, hoping to have a “fresh start”.At the 31 of Palo Duro Canyon (峡谷) State Park, I 32 a job advertisement hiring park hosts. The position offered a 33 , permanent campsite in the park, and 34 , the hosts served as a link between the parks guests and the rangers (护林人). It was the perfect solution: a rent-free place to reorganize our lives. We entered the park and I made an 35 for the following day.The park was 36 , so it took us some time to find an available site. That evening, as we finished our dinner, my wife saw two large skunks (臭鼬) walking toward our table. We 37 climbed onto the table and, for the next four hours, waited for them to 38 our camp.Having survived that night, we were 39 that everything else would be all right. The next day we met with the people who ran the park. They explained our 40 and gave us a beautiful campsite. That evening, 41 , we learned about the canyon 42 . They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently, and we lay 43 in the dark until the winds died away. 44 the weeks that followed, we learned to survive in our truck and 45 the little money my wife 46 by substitute teaching. Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful 47 . For a time after our business 48 I thought I might lose my family as well. Living in the tiny 49 with no television, we sat close together reading and talking. One evening, standing under a jeweled sky, I found myself 50 for all the hardships. We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls. We had become a family! 31. A. back B. edge C. centre D. entrance 32. A. sponsored B. published C. noticed D. answered 33. A. safe B. free C. convenient D. beautiful 34. A. in return B. in time C. in short D. in turn 35. A. attempt B. agreement C. appeal D. appointment 36. A. crowded B. dangerous C. ideal D. quiet 37. A. repeatedly B. immediately C. eventually D. calmly 38. A. attack B. leave C. pass D. search 39. A. satisfied B. determined C. confident D. aware 40. A. responsibilities B. requirements C. circumstances D. conditions41. A. moreover B. therefore C. meanwhile D. however 42. A. winds B. snows C. woods D. trails 43. A. shaking B. quarrelling C. mourning D. aching 44. A. After B. Between C. During D. Beyond45. A. give away B. hand out C. live on D. put aside 46. A. borrowed B. earned C. posted D. raised 47. A. business B. career C. family D. image48. A. started B. failed C. expanded D. declined 49. A. truck B. park C. house D. camp 50. A. desperate B. ready C. suitable D. thankful【答案】31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. A41. D 42. A 43. A 44. C 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D【解析】语篇选自一个发人深省的小故事，主人公先是事业受挫，在国家公园寻找新的开始过程中，通过亲身体验和反思，最终认识到家庭的重要性，重建了美好的家庭。31.选D. entrance 国家公园入口张贴广告，且第二段最后一句We entered the park为提示信息。32.选C. noticed 注意到 去德州在， 路经Palo Duro Canyon (峡谷) State Park时的不经意中看到的。A. sponsored资助，主人公生意失败，应该没多少钱出资。32.选B. free 免费的 下文提示。本段It was the perfect solution: a rent-free place to reorganize our lives.划线处。34.选A. in return 作为回报。这个岗位给人们一份免费长期的野营地，作为交换，野营者们充当游客和护林人之间的纽带。35.选D. appointment make an appointment 预约的意思。与第五段The next day we met with the people who ran the park.相呼应。36.选A. crowded 公园中有点拥挤 所以主人公花了一段时间才找到可以落脚的位置。与下一句有因果关系。37.选B. immediately 看见臭鼬来骚扰。主人公一家立即爬上桌子等了四个小时，直到他们离开。38.选B. leave 解析见上面一题。39.选C. confident 自信的 主人公在熬过一夜后，坚信一切会好起来。40.选A. responsibilities责任。公园管理者想主人公说明了应尽的义务与上文第二段中the hosts served as a link between the parks guests and the rangers呼应。41.选D. however 然而。 主人公一家在公园里第一天是臭鼬的考验，第二晚是强风。表示一波未平一波又起。42.选A. winds 与本段所写的遭遇有关。43.选A. shaking 上文中They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently, 使我们的小野营车猛烈地摇晃，有提示。44.选C. During在期间 考查介词。在接下来的几周内，主人公学会了在卡车上过日子并且以靠妻子做代课老师所挣的钱维持生计。不是指动作的先后。A. After干扰项。45.选C. live on 以为生，靠养活。解析见上面一题。46.选B. earned 挣钱。解析见上面44题。47.选C. family 与本段及全文主旨有关。主人公的生意先赢后亏使得他想建立一个成功的家庭所剩时间无几。失意后的一段时间他也想过回失去家庭。48.选B. failed 失败。解析见上面一题。49.选A. truck 上文中就有所指。B. park 和 D. camp 都与tiny 不符合， 文章的信息有提示。50.选D. thankful. One evening, standing under a jeweled sky, I found myself 50 for all the hardships。文章重在写心路历程和感悟，所遇挫折使他心存感恩之情。a jeweled sky 感情色彩有提示。第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABefore I had my son, I spent two years working with children with disabilities. I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster. Coming up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behaviour more extreme. I found something that worked, though.There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him. One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine. His appearance created an atmosphere of tension. He spent the entire session running around, hitting and kicking, and destroying property.I was in the craft room working with some other children when my co-worker told me that this boys teacher was in tears, and could not get control of the situation. As we were talking, the boy ran in. I told my co-worker that I would take care of him.I closed the door. He was full of energy, throwing things around and making a huge mess. But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me. He needed connection, and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it. So I sat back down and kept quiet. Then he slowed down and began making a rocket. I talked to him about it. We continued like this for a few minutes before I slipped into the conversation:“So what happened today?”It was purely a question, no blame or anger in my tone. I believe that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed. He told me that the teacher didnt let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked. He also admitted that he had enjoyed making her run around and saw it as a game. I explained that his teacher had not seen it as a game and was very upset. This again was stated simply as a fact. I suggested that next time he had a session, he talk about what he hoped to do at the start, which might be easier for everyone. He agreed and was quiet for a moment. Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize. 51. The boy made trouble for his teacher because he _.A. was accused of destroying propertyB. was told not to yell at other childrenC. was made to do things against his willD. was blamed for creating an air of tension52. Why didnt the author do anything about the boys bad behavior at first?A. She didnt want to make it worse.B. She didnt mind the huge mess at all.C. She was tired of shouting and threats.D. She hadnt thought of a coping strategy.53. The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by _.A. playing games with him B. giving him a good suggestion C. describing his teachers feelings D. avoiding making critical remarks 54. Why did the boy have tears in his eyes in the end? A. He was sorry about his reputation.B. He was regretful about his behavior.C. He was fearful of the authors warning.D. He was sad for the authors misunderstanding.【答案】51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B【解析】教育类，问题少年的教育转化。51. C. 最后一段中He told me that the teacher didnt let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked.细节理解。52. A. 第四段中He needed connection, and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it.可以根据文章排除三项。细节推理。53. D. 见第四段最后一句，第五段第一句。细节推理。54. B. 最后一段最后一句。细节理解。BLondons newest skyscraper (摩天大楼) is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres, it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London. However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (尖顶). He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building arent regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard. Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅杆) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.The Shard has 87 floors. At the top, there is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five-star hotel. There will also be top quality restaurants, apartments and offices.Before building work began, a lot of people didnt want the Shard though the plans were approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York, but not in London. They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration, only flat surfaces. The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys the beauty of the city.Other critics dont like what the Shard seems to represent. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London. So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.The Shard now dominates the London skyline. It is not certain, however, that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city. 55. Londons newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of _.A. its cost B. its size C. its shape D. its height 56. When he designed the Shard, Piano wanted it to _.A. change Londons skyline B. inherit Londons tradition C. imitate the Egyptian styleD. attract potential visitors57. The critics who refer to social division think the Shard _.A. is only preferred by the rich B. is intended for wealthy peopleC. is far away from the poor areaD. is popular only with Londoners58. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. The Shard: Cheers and ClapsB. The Shard: Work of a Great ArchitectC. The Shard: New Symbol of London?D. The Shard: A Change for the Better?【答案】55. C 56. B 57. B 58. D【解析】建筑艺术类，评论家对伦敦新地标的褒贬不一的意见。55. C.第二段So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard.细节理解。56. B 第二段Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. 细节理解。57. B 第五段Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. 细节理解。58. D.问题是新闻报道对第一段信息级全文的概括。标题与全文充满争议的话题一致。So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.此句可帮助排除C项。主旨及标题。CWorking with a group of baboons (狒狒) in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology, Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认知的) tasks not because they arent clever enough to solve them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information. The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they dont associate with the knowledgeable individuals, or they are too shy to use the information once they have it, information may