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绝密 启用前 2018年3月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语 笔试 第卷 2018.3.23注意事项：1、每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2、本卷共55小题，共95分 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。01. -Shall I tell John our secret?-No, you mustnt. _A. Take it easyB. It sounds like a great ideaC. If you dont mindD. Its just between you and me02. Professional skills are tools like a knife or a hammer. You need_to complete the things you want to do.A. itB. thatC. themD. ones.03. -Whats wrong with the door? -The key has got stuck in it and _come out.A. shouldntB. mustnt C. neednt D. wont04. -I know you want to talk about this report, but Id like to tell you about our new partner. -_. We can talk about him later.A. Lets stick to the pointB. Its nice of youC. Its really hard to sayD. Youll make it.05. Its easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so its important to _a good map before you set out.A. studyB. displayC. deliverD. publish06. Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, _what she thought was necessary.A. orderedB. orderingC. to have orderedD. having been ordered07. There was a long wait at the reception desk, _everyone was checking in.A. whyB. whichC. whomD. where08. I jumped with joy the moment I _my drivers license in the mail.A. receiveB. receivedC. had receivedD. would receive09. Can we stop the _of the worlds deserts and save the land that man depends so much on?A. lossB. heatC. spreadD. defence10. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was _his father had expected.A. whyB. howC. thatD. what11. There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money _for medical research has been well spent.A. usedB. usingC. to useD. to be used12. When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually_ books that offer useful information.A. point toB. turn toC. attend toD. belong to13. Make sure you save all your work on screen _the computer breaks down.A. in caseB. as ifC. so thatD. even though14. Jane wishes that she_ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.A. studiedB. had studiedC. would studyD. might have studied15. What was it _brought you two together? Was it your love of music?A. asB. whoC. thatD. which第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Years of living with a lisp had taught me it was better not to say anything than to speak and risk embarrassment. As a result of my _16_, I felt distanced from most of my peers. “Kathy? Oh, shes quiet.” Thats what most people would say when they _17_me, as if “Quiet” were part of my _18_. I was okay with that. I didnt need to be _19._.Last September, however, that all _20_. I started my creative writing class with Ms. Haist. Every day we would be given a different writing task and, if we wished, we could _21_what we had written. I _22_ listening to others read their work and thinking: “That will never be me. Ill never have the _23_to do that.”One day, I was really _24_with what I had written and wanted to share. My heart was beating wildly as I raised my hand. Those_25_little voices were ringing in my ear, “You have a lisp, remember? _26_, you writing isnt that good. Be quiet.” I was about to _27_my hand when I met Ms. Haists encouraging eyes.I swallowed the voices down and let my real voice _28_. I could hear it _29_as I read, and I could hear every stutter and mistake. I finished reading, waiting to be laughed at. _30_, I heard claps from the class and praise from Ms. Haist. The next day, I did it _31_. Soon I was reading out loud nearly every day. Gradually, I realized that _32_my lisp, the class and the teacher always appreciated my writing. Now I may still not be the most _33_, social person, but Ive become better at oral presentations. I _34_read my poetry out loud at reading club. Every time those little voices try to tell me to be quiet, I think of all the encouragement I received in class and I know that I _35_to be heard.16. A. embarrassmentB. excitementC. humorD. silence17. A. heard fromB. talked ofC. called onD. looked for18. A. nameB. opinionC. dutyD. business19. A. seenB. heardC. followedD. protected20. A. disappearedB. returnedC. developedD. changed21. A. examineB. practiceC. shareD. copy22. A. regretB. considerC. imagineD. remember23. A. timeB. courageC. patienceD. evidence24. A. busyB. strictC. pleasedD. disappointed25. A. tiredB. urgentC. funnyD. cheerful26. A. BesidesB. OtherwiseC. ThereforeD. Normally27. A. touchB. waveC. extendD. withdraw28. A. go downB. die awayC. come outD. calm down29. A. shakingB. singingC. shouting D. deepening30. A. SadlyB. HopefullyC. HonestlyD. Unexpectedly31. A. againB. aloneC. alreadyD. anyway32. A. thanks toB. instead ofC. despiteD. except33. A. seriousB. outgoingC. nervousD. hardworking34. A. evenB. stillC. onlyD. seldom35. A. fearB. agreeC. deserveD. pretend第二部分： 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhen you choose a higher education course, here are some tips for you to follow.Choosing your courseThere are a range of subjects and courses available. Many are work-related; others are academic. Youll need to look beyond the course title because courses with almost the same name may differ enormously. For example, if youre interested in construction but wish to use your creative skills, you may be better suited to a building design management course than a building project management course.Style of learningThink about the style of learning that best suits you. Its important to study a subject that you particularly enjoy, but if you want to follow a career in a different area, you may consider taking the subjects you want to learn and joining them into one degree. Many degree courses are made up of different subject modules which deal with particular areas of interest.Choosing where to studyWhere you study can be almost as important as what you study. One thing to consider is whether you want to live at home or move away. For some people, living at home offers the best of both worlds, but it may make sense to move if you want to study a particular course at a specific university or college. Many students value the experience of living on campus or in a different part of the country as an important part of university life.Finding out more about coursesOnce youve got a list of courses that appeal to you, its worth looking at some other sources of information about them, like independent reports. These provide information on the numbers of students who finished the course, student satisfaction and more.Open daysOpen days usually take place in spring or autumn. Although you may have an idea about what a course is like, theres no substitute（替代）for attending a class yourself. If you cant come on the open days, you can sign up for a guided tour instead.36. You need to look beyond the course title because courses with similar names may be _.A. creativity-focusedB. work-relatedC. far differentD. quite similar37. What are you advised to do if your interest disagrees with your future career?A. Add preferred subjects to your degree courses.B. Choose the subjects based on your interest.C. Earn different degrees.D. Give up your interest.38. What do we learn about from Para. 4?A. Disadvantages of studying on campus.B. Reasons for choosing where to study.C. Importance of attending a nearby college.D. Problems of going to a faraway university.39. Why is it recommended to check independent reports?A. To increase applicants interest.B. To better understand a course.C. To figure out how to complete a course.D. To find out how different the courses are.40. On the open days, would-be college students can _.A. sign up for a particular courseB. take a guided tour on the campusC. see whether there is a substitute courseD. have a first-hand experience of a courseBWith a satisfied smile, Keisha finished the last sentence of her English essay about one of her heroes, Rosa Parks, an important figure in the Civil Rights Movement.“Keisha,” her mother shouted from downstairs. “Its almost 4:15.”“Dont worry. I wont be late. ” Keisha pulled down a storybook from her bookshelf, as she always read to the nursing homes residents. And on an impulse（一时心血来潮）, she added her English notebook as well.As Keisha came running in the door, the manager told her, “We have a new resident this week, Mrs. Ruby Watson. Shes still adjusting to her new surroundings. Youll find her in Room 28. And by the way, Keisha, good luck.”Keisha walked down the hallway at a quick pace. As she entered Room 28, she met two sharp brown eyes staring at her doubtfully.“Im Keisha Jackson, a volunteer,” Keisha explained. “I come here to help pass the time with residents, or read to them, or, . . .” Keisha started stammering（结巴）as Mrs. Watson continued to stare at her.“I didnt request anyone to keep me company,” Mrs. Watson interrupted. “Im alone most of the time, and thats how I prefer it.”“I brought along some funny stories,” Keisha said hesitantly.“Im not in the mood for funny stories,” Mrs. Watson replied angrily. “What else do you have?”Nervously, Keisha opened her notebook to her essay. She read the title aloud, “Rosa Parks: A Woman of Courage and Conviction（信念）.” She glanced at Mrs. Watson to see how she might react, but to her surprise, Mrs. Watsons face relaxed and her eyes shone. “Read to me about Rosa,” Mrs. Watson said.Keisha read how Rosa Parks refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus in 1955 inspired the protest that became a turning point in the struggle for civil rights.“I walked with Rosa Parks and Dr. Martin Luther King,” Mrs. Watson said with pride. “That was the greatest moment of my life because” She paused.“Because you were a woman of courage and conviction too.”Sitting up straighter, Mrs. Watson said, “Yes, I was and I still am. Thank you for reminding me, Keisha. Next Thursday, I will tell you my story.”41. Why did Keisha take her English notebook along?A. Her mother asked her to take it.B. She would hand it in on her way.C. She might read her essay to someone.D. The manager wanted to read her essay.42. Why did the manager wish Keisha good luck before she visited Mrs. Watson?A. Mrs. Watson could be difficult.B. Mrs. Watson was in poor health.C. Keisha was feeling nervous.D. Keisha was a shy person.43. Mrs. Watsons eyes (Para. 10) suggested that she was _.A. amusedB. puzzledC. annoyedD. interested44. What effect did Keishas essay have on Mrs. Watson?A. It aroused her curiosity in volunteer work.B. It built up her expectation for more visitors.C. It awoke her pride in her struggle for civil rights.D. It changed her attitude to the Civil Rights Movement.45. Readers may find this story inspiring because _.A. a girl enjoys learning about her heroesB. a girl helps someone feel appreciatedC. a woman overcomes hardship by herselfD. a woman gathers the courage for lifeCIf you were bringing friends home to visit, you could show them the way. You know the landmarksa big red house or a bus-stop sign. But what if you were swimming in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean? Could you still find your way home? A loggerhead turtle（海龟）could.According to Dr. Ken Lohmann, loggerheads have a magnetic（磁力的）sense based on Earths magnetic field. It helps them locate the best spots for finding food and their home beaches.Scientists already know that several other animals, such as whales and honeybees, can detect（探测到）magnetic fields. The difference between them and loggerheads, however, is the way they learn to use their magnetic sense. Young whales and honeybees can learn from adults. Loggerheads are abandoned as eggs.As newborn loggerheads have no adults to learn from, what helps them figure out how to use their magnetic sense? Lohmann thinks one of the cues was light on the sea. Baby loggerheads hatch only at night. However, a small amount of light reflects off the ocean. The light makes that region brighter. Heading toward the light helps them get quickly out to sea, where they can find food. Lohmann tested whether newborn loggerheads use this light source to set their magnetic “compasses”（罗盘）. He and his team put some newborns in a water tank and recorded which way they swam. Around the tank, the scientists created a magnetic field that matched the Earths. They set a weak light to the east of the magnetic field. Then they let the newborns go.At first, the newborns swam toward the light. After the scientists turned off the light, the turtles that had seen the light in the east always swam toward east. When the researchers reversed（颠倒）the magnetic field, these turtles turned around and swam toward the new “east”.This and the follow-up experiments all showed that loggerheads use light from the outside world to set their magnetic “compasses” and then remember the “correct” direction. If a turtle hatches on a brightly-lit beach, that would damage its magnetic sense forever and make survival hard for the turtle.Lohmanns work has led others to protect the habitat of this endangered species. Yet many questions about these creatures remain unanswered, and researchers have a lot to study.46. Loggerheads and whales differ in the way they _.A. bring up their youngB. recognize landmarksC. detect magnetic fieldsD. learn to find directions47. What is needed for newborn loggerheads to set their magnetic sense?A. Weak light reflected off the ocean.B. Help from adult loggerheads.C. Bright sunlight from the sky.D. Food in warmer waters.48. In the experiment, after the newborns magnetic sense was set, their moving directionwas determined by _.A. the lightB. the magnetic fieldC. other unknown factorsD. the light and the magnetic field49. What is the significance of Lohmanns research work?A. It enables researchers to keep track of turtles.B. It contributes to the studies of the magnetic field.C. It offers a new solution to environmental pollution.D. It helps protect the loggerheads living environment.50. What could be the best title of the passage?A. Experiments on LoggerheadsB. The Survival of the Sea TurtleC. The Loggerheads Built-in “Compass”D. Comparison of Loggerheads and Other AnimalsDMost people arent good at creative problem solving for two reasons: (1) They are not trained in how to be creative. (2) They dont understand group strength well enough to harness（驾驭）their power to maximize group creativity.A key element of creativity is applying existing knowledge to a new problem. The more people getting involved in solving it, the more knowledge there is to work on it. Unfortunately, research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods fail to achieve that goal. When groups get together to exchange ideas, they actually come up with fewer ideas overall than if they each had worked alone.To fix this problem, you should consider the two stages of group problem-solving: divergence（分散）and convergence（集中）. Divergence happens when the group considers as many different potential solutions as possible. Convergence happens when the various proposed solutions are evaluated and reduced to a smaller set of candidate solutions to the current problem.The essential principle of group creativity is that individuals working alone diverge, whereas group members working together converge. In groups, once a member states a potential solution, that makes others think about the problem similarly. That is why groups working together diverge less than individuals working alone.Therefore, be aware of when to diverge and when to converge. For example, early in the problem-solving process, have group members work alone to write down statements describing the problem. Then get them back to discuss their descriptions. The group discussion will lead everyone to accept one or a small number of these statements to work on-this is healthy convergence.When starting to generate solutions, you again want divergence. Have people work alone to start. Then collect peoples initial ideas and send them around to others and allow the divergence to continue as everyone individually builds on the ideas of other members.Finally, let the group discuss the resulting ideas. This discussion will gradually lead the group to converge on a small number of candidate solutions. This simple method works effectively, because it respects what individuals and groups do best.51. Research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods _.A. actually limit group creativityB. greatly encourage group creativityC. enable people to form more ideas togetherD. prevent peoples involvement in the problems52. According to Para. 4, when a member presents an idea, others tend to _.A. think the other way roundB. follow his way of thinkingC. be more confident in their own ideasD. be less willing to share their own ideas53. What should group members first do early in the problem-solving process?A. Discuss the problem.B. Simplify the problem.C. Put down group statements together.D. Write down their individual descriptions.54. How can each group member make changes to his initial solution?A. By adding in collected evidence.B. By reorganizing his own words.C. By drawing on others ideas.D. By making his statement briefer.55. What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A. To advocate a way to make group thinking more effective.B. To demonstrate the difficulty in organizing group thinking.C. To highlight the differences between divergence and convergence.D. To show the advantage of group thinking over individual thinking.2018年3月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语 笔试第卷注意事项：1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。2.本卷共6小题，共35分。第三部分： 写作第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。For many teenagers, a job is a way to earn a little extra money. For me, it is more than that.At the age of 16, I was offered my very first job as a shopgirl in a clothing store. On the first day, my manager was training me how to fold and organize platform after platform of clothes. The work seemed overwhelming, and everything had to be done in an accurate way. I got so impatient because I couldnt get it right the first couple of times.nAfter about ten tries, I had the clothes folded perfectly. Then it took me thirty minutes toget them all looking uniform. Now, I fold and organize clothes every day, and Im able to do them well. Through this experience, Ive learned to be patient.Helping customers and establishing connections with them is one of the things I love most about my job. About two months ago, I helped a woman who was looking for a dress. She told me exactly what she was picturinga blue dress with long sleeves and a lace neck. We didnt have any such dress, and when I explained that to her, she wasnt very happy. Instead of getting annoyed, I tried getting to know her a bit
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