2022年考博英语-宁夏大学考试题库及模拟押密卷53（含答案解析）

2022年考博英语-宁夏大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题You must face the fact that in your inmost heart you hate the thought of moving. It is easiest not to leave the rooms where your children passed through their wonderful childhood and annoying teens to a friendly but slightly distant community suddenly.Until, suddenly one day, the distance is absolute and they are grown up and gone. Then you find yourself living in too large a house, which consumes in its maintenance too much energy and money. When we found ourselves in this situation a few years ago, we determined to move while we still had the strength and before the emotional tentacles（触角）that the old house had wrapped around us became too powerful to be broken. Move while you can! But be sure you really want to, and do not move too often. It is an exhausting process.Your first task is to find a house that will suit you. It must be smaller, quieter, easier to run, and more conveniently placed for transport. Not so small, though, that it will not elegantly accommodate your largest pieces of furniture, and located not too far from the neighborhood where so many friendships have been built up.At last we found one: a late Victorian cottage, in a street where the houses, all small, range from late 18th to mid 20th century. It was near enough to where we wanted to live. It had no basement, which was a great convenience for aging legs. There were only two floors above ground level: one for ourselves and one where friends, children, and grandchildren could spread themselves when they came to stay. Each floor had two rooms. There was a kitchen on the ground floor, with the bathroom above it.1.The passage concerns buying（ ）.2.The passage implies that grown-up children are（ ）.3.The author decided to move（ ）.4.The author advises people in his own situation（ ）.5.According to the passage, their new house had（ ）.问题1选项A.a house for a newly married coupleB.a large house for a growing familyC.a better house when people have more money to investD.a smaller house for older people whose children have left home问题2选项A.more friendly to their parents when they are grown upB.distant from their parentsC.friendly but not very closeD.annoying问题3选项A.when their house gave them too much work and cost too much to runB.when they grew tired of their houseC.when they suddenly got the strength to do soD.before the house collapsed问题4选项A.to move into a very small houseB.to move somewhere where the largest possible pieces of furniture will fitC.not to move too far from the main roadD.to choose somewhere not so noisy问题5选项A.two floorsB.three floorsC.four floorsD.two bathrooms【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.事实细节题。题干问：这篇文章提到买（ ）。D选项“为一个孩子离家的老人买一栋小房子”，定位到倒数第二段，第二句It must be smaller, quieter, easier to run, and more conveniently placed for transport. （它必须更小，更安静，更容易运行，更方便运输。）我们可以看出来这个房子应该是很小的，并且是给老人住的，因此答案是D。A选项“为一对新人买房子”，B选项“为一个不断壮大的家庭买一个大房子”，C选项“当人们有更多资金时买一栋更好的房子”。2.判断推理题。题干问：文章暗示长大的孩子会（ ）。C选项“更加友好但是不那么亲近”，答案定位到第一段where your children passed through their wonderful childhood and annoying teens to a friendly but slightly distant community suddenly.（在这里，你的孩子在一个友好但有点疏远的社区里度过了美好的童年和令人讨厌的少年。）我们可以得出，孩子长大后变得更友好，但是也和父母有了距离，因此答案为C。A选项“在他们长大之后对他们的父母更好”，B选项“和父母会产生距离”，D选项“烦人的”。3.事实细节题。题干问：作者决定搬家（ ）。A选项“当他们的房子带给他们太多的家务并且需要花费很多去打理”，根据题干我们定位到第二段a house, which consumes in its maintenance too much energy and money. （它消耗了太多的精力和金钱来维护。）因此答案为A。B选项“当他们厌倦了他们现在的房子”，C选项“当他们突然有能力去搬家了”，D选项“在房子倒塌之前”。4.事实细节题。题干问：作者建议处于像他这种情况的人（ ）。B选项“搬到能装下最大家具的地方”，定位到第三段Not so small, though, that it will not elegantly accommodate your largest pieces of furniture（不过也不是太小，不能很好地摆放你最大的家具），因此作者建议这样人们搬到一个能放得下自己最大家具的房子，不一定要很小，答案为B。A选项“搬进去一个非常小的房子”，C选项“不要搬到离主路太远的地方”，D选项“选一个不那么吵的地方”。5.事实细节题。题干问：根据原文，这个新房子有（ ）。A选项“两层”，定位到最后一段There were only two floors above ground level（只有地上两层），我们可以得出这个房子只有两层；There was a kitchen on the ground floor, with the bathroom above it.（一楼有一间厨房，上面是浴室。）通过最后一句话我们可以得出，只有一个洗手间，因此答案为A。B选项“三层”，C选项“四层”，D选项“两个卫生间”。2. 单选题Despite their spartan, isolated lifestyle, there are no stories of women being raped or wanton violence against civilians in the region.问题1选项A.intriguingB.exasperatingC.demonstrativeD.unprovoked【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项“有趣的，迷人的”；B选项“使人恼怒的，惹人生气的”；C选项“指示的，证明的”；D选项“无缘无故的，未受挑衅的”；题干中wanton“无节制的，荒唐的”，句意：尽管他们的生活方式是斯巴达式的、孤立的，但在该地区没有妇女被强奸或对平民恣意暴力的故事。根据题干原意可知，D选项与原文意思最接近，符合题意。3. 单选题They were in a dreadful（ ）when their money, tickets and passports were stolen while they were on holiday.问题1选项A.conspiracyB.plightC.serenityD.custody【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项conspiracy“阴谋，共谋，阴谋集团”；B选项plight“困境，境况，誓约”；C选项serenity“平静，宁静”；D选项custody“保管，监护”。句意：他们度假时钱、机票和护照被盗，陷入了可怕的_。根据逻辑可知，在度假时丢失了财务，肯定是陷入了困境，因此B选项符合题意。4. 单选题Teachers complain that children（ ）these tests without being able to write a decent essay, solve a multi-step math problem or construct a framework.问题1选项A.look throughB.carry throughC.sail throughD.put through【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A选项look through“浏览，温习”；B选项carry through“贯彻，完成，坚持下去”；C选项sail through“轻快地走过，通过”；D选项put through“接通，完成，使穿过”。句意：老师们抱怨说，孩子们在没有写出一篇像样的文章、解决一个多步骤的数学问题或构建一个框架的情况下，就能_这些考试。这里表达的是“老师认为孩子们没有经过考验就能轻松地通过考试”。因此C选项符合题意。5. 单选题Historically, humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them.（1）that logic, 2006 should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still（2）in their minds, Americans watched hurricane Katrina, the most expensive disaster in U.S. history, on（3）TV. Anyone who didnt know it before should have learned that bad things can happen. And they are made（4）worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our（5）to work together before everything goes to hell. Granted, some amount of delusion is probably part of the（6）condition. In AD. 63, Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake, and the locals immediately went to work（7）in the same spotuntil they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption 16 years later. But a（8）of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at（9）themselves from guaranteed threats. We know more than we（10）did about the dangers we face. But it turns（11）that in times of crisis, our greatest enemy is（12）the storm, the quake or the（13）itself. More often, it is ourselves. So what has happened in the year that（14）the disaster on the Gulf Coast? In New Orleans, the Army Corps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the flood walls. They have got the walls to（15）they were before Katrina, more or less. Thats not（16）, we can now say with confidence. But it may be all（17）can be expected from one year of hustle. Meanwhile, New Orleans officials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to （18）the sick and the disabled. The city estimates that 15,000 people will need a（19）out. However, state officials have not yet determined where these people will be taken. The（20）with neighboring communities are ongoing and difficult.问题1选项A.ToB.ByC.OnD.For问题2选项A.freshB.obviousC.apparentD.evident问题3选项A.visualB.vividC.liveD.lively问题4选项A.littleB.lessC.moreD.much问题5选项A.reluctanceB.rejectionC.dentalD.decline问题6选项A.naturalB.worldC.socialD.human问题7选项A.revisingB.refiningC.rebuildingD.retrieving问题8选项A.reviewB.reminderC.conceptD.prospect问题9选项A.preparingB.protestingC.protectingD.prevailing问题10选项A.neverB.everC.thenD.before问题11选项A.upB.downC.overD.out问题12选项A.merelyB.rarelyC.incidentallyD.accidentally问题13选项A.surgeB.spurC.surfD.splash问题14选项A.ensuedB.tracedC.followedD.occurred问题15选项A.whichB.whereC.whatD.when问题16选项A.enoughB.certainC.conclusiveD.final问题17选项A.butB.asC.thatD.those问题18选项A.exileB.evacuateC.dismissD.displace问题19选项A.rideB.trailC.pathD.track问题20选项A.conventionsB.notificationsC.communicationsD.negotiations【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A第6题:D第7题:C第8题:A第9题:C第10题:B第11题:D第12题:B第13题:A第14题:C第15题:B第16题:A第17题:C第18题:B第19题:A第20题:D【解析】1.考查介词辨析。A选项to“朝”；B选项by“由，被，通过”；C选项on“在上”D选项for“为了”。句意：历史上，人类只有在灾难发生后才会认真避免灾难。_这种逻辑，2006年应该是理性行为取得突破的一年。通过对前句的分析理解，知道人性的本质，只有在遭受了痛苦之后才会重视痛苦，于是后句紧跟的连词应该是表示解释说明，只有by可以表示通过，而这里表达的含义是“通过这种逻辑”，因此B选项符合题意。2.考查形容词辨析。A选项fresh“新鲜的”；B选项obvious“明显的”，多用于指“容易知道或发现，无须解释或证明的”的事；C选项apparent“显而易见的，一目了然的”，多指“思想上容易理解的”的事；D选项evident“明显的，明白的”，多用于推理及抽象的事。句意：9/11事件仍记忆_。这里表达的句意是“9/11事件仍然记忆犹新”，而不是说它很明显，突出的是这件事的历历在目，因此A选项符合题意。3.考查形容词辨析。A选项visual“视觉的，视力的”；B选项vivid“生动的，鲜明的”；C选项live“活的，实况转播的，现场表演的”；D选项lively“活泼的，生动的，真实的”。句意：美国人通过电视_观看了卡特里娜飓风，这是美国历史上最昂贵的灾难。这里表达的是“电视直播”的意思，因此C选项符合题意。4.考查形容词辨析。A选项little“小的，很少的，短暂的”；B选项less“更少的”；C选项more“更多的”；D选项much“非常，很”。句意：我们对风险的故意视而不见，以及我们在一切陷入困境之前不愿共同努力，都让情况变得_糟。在比较级前面添加副词，只能用副词原级，不能再用比较级。B选项和C选项错误。根据文章的感情色彩，文章表示的是贬义，在嘲笑人们喜欢做马后炮的事情，所以是使事情“更糟糕”，用much不用little，因此D选项符合题意。5.考查名词辨析。A选项reluctance“勉强，不情愿”；B选项rejection“抛弃，拒绝，被抛弃的东西”；C选项dental“牙科的，牙齿的，牙的”；D选项decline“下降，衰退”。句意：我们对风险的故意视而不见，以及我们在一切陷入困境之前_共同努力，都让情况变得更糟。这里考查了固定搭配reluctance to“对于不情愿”，而句子表达的意思就是人们在困境开始前不愿意去共同努力，因此A选项符合题意。6.考查名词辨析。A选项natural“自然的，物质的，天生的”；B选项world“世界”；C选项social“社会的，社交的”；D选项human“人，人类”。句意：诚然，一些错觉可能是_状况的一部分。这里表达的意思是“人的生存条件”，因此D选项符合题意。7.考查动词辨析。A选项revising“校正，修改润色”；B选项refining“精炼，改善”；C选项rebuilding“重建，使复原”；D选项retrieving“取回，索回，检索数据”。句意：庞贝古城在地震中遭到严重破坏，当地居民立即在同一地点开始_工作。根据上下文可以推断出，发生了地震那么就要重建，因此C选项符合题意。8.考查名词辨析。A选项review“回顾，复习”；B选项reminder“暗示，提醒的人/物”；C选项concept“观念，概念”；D选项prospect“前途，预期，景色”。句意：但是_过去一年的灾难史就会发现，现代美国人尤其不善于保护自己免受必然的威胁。后面接的单词是history“历史”，那么可以推断出，我们是去“回顾历史”，因此A选项符合题意。9.考查动词辨析。A选项preparing“准备”；B选项protesting“抗议，反对”；C选项protecting“保护，防护”；D选项prevailing“盛行，流行”。句意：但是回顾过去一年的灾难史就会发现，现代美国人尤其不善于_自己免受必然的威胁。这里考查的固定搭配protect somebody from something保护某人免受某事。而这里表示的就是保护美国人免受必然的威胁，因此C选项符合题意。10.考查副词辨析。A选项never“从未，决不”；B选项ever“永远，曾经，究竟”；C选项then“当时，然后，那么”；D选项before“在之前”。句意：对于我们面临的危险，我们比_都更清楚。这里表达的意思是对于我们所面临的灾难，我们比以前知道的更多。本句中did是用助动词取代实意动词know。因此这里的连词只能用ever表示以前，B选项符合题意。11.考查词组辨析。A选项turn up“出现”；B选项turn down“拒绝”；C选项turn over“反复考虑”；D选项turn out“最后是，结果是”。句意：但_，在危机时刻，我们最大的敌人很少是风暴、地震或巨浪本身。这里表达的意思是“但最后结果是，在危机时刻，我们最大的敌人很少是风暴、地震或巨浪本身”，因此D选项符合题意。12.考查副词辨析。A选项merely“仅仅，只不过”；B选项rarely“很少地，难得，罕有地”；C选项incidentally“顺便，偶然地，附带地”，表示的偶然，还是有附带性的，不是完全无根据的发生；D选项accidentally“意外地，偶然地”，倾向于没有附带性，完全出乎意料。句意：但事实证明，在危机时刻，我们最大的敌人_是风暴、地震或巨浪本身。这里表示的意思是，“敌人很少是那些灾难本身”，因此B选项符合题意。13.考查名词辨析。A选项surge“巨浪，汹涌，大浪，波涛”；B选项spur“马刺，鞭策”；C选项surf“海浪，拍岸浪”；D选项splash“落水声，拍水，溅上的液体”。句意：但事实证明，在危机时刻，我们最大的敌人很少是风暴、地震或_本身。根据前面的一些灾难名词，可以推测这里也是一种灾难，因此A选项符合题意。14.考查动词辨析。A选项ensued“接着发生，因而发生”；B选项traced“追溯，跟踪”；C选项followed“跟着，听从，继承，后面”；D选项occurred“发生”。句意：那么在墨西哥湾发生灾难_一年中发生了什么呢？根据句意可以推测出，应该是在那个灾难发生之后的一年又发生了什么，因此C选项符合题意。15.考查介词辨析。A选项which“哪一个，哪个”；B选项where“哪里”；C选项what“什么”，D选项when“什么时候”。句意：他们把墙建得和卡特里娜飓风前差不多。这里考查to where表示的意思是to the place where，人们是把墙壁建得和之前被龙卷风摧毁的地方一样，因此B选项符合题意。16.考查副词辨析。A选项enough“足够”；B选项certain“某一，必然的”；C选项conclusive“决定性的，最后的”，主要用于法律方面；D选项final“最终的，决定性的，不可更改的”，用途较广。句意：我们现在可以自信地说，这还_。根据后文所说的“但这可能是这一年忙碌的一切。”可以看出，这表达的是，这些做得可能还不够，但是已经是当时能做到的所有了。因此A选项符合题意。17.考查介词辨析。A选项but“但是”；B选项as“作为，像一样”；C选项that“那样”；D选项those“那些”。句意：但这可能是这一年忙碌的一切。这里考查了定语从句，先行词为all，用that作关系代词引导后面的定语从句，其他的选项都不可以引导all作先行词的定语从句，因此C选项符合题意。18.考查动词辨析。A选项exile“放逐，流放”；B选项evacuate“疏散，撤退”；C选项dismiss“解散，解雇，开除”；D选项displace“取代，置换，转移”。句意：与此同时，新奥尔良官员制定了一项计划，利用公共汽车和火车_病人和残疾人。本句表达的意思是“疏散病人和残疾人”，因此B选项符合题意。19.考查名词辨析。A选项ride“（骑马、骑车或乘坐车辆的）旅行，行程”；B选项trail“足迹，（跟踪某人的）踪迹”，这里的痕迹可以是血渍、脚印、车辙，气味、烟等；C选项path“道路，小路，轨道”；D选项track“轨道，足迹，踪迹”，这里的痕迹一般是脚印、车辙，不包括气味等。句意：该市估计将有1.5万人需要_。这里是固定搭配a ride out指“乘车外出”，和前面的安排公共汽车和火车疏散病人呼应，因此A选项符合题意。20.考查名词辨析。A选项conventions“惯例，会议”；B选项notifications“通知，通告”；C选项communications“交流”；D选项negotiations“谈判，磋商”。句意：与邻近社区的_仍在进行，而且很困难。这里表达的意思是和邻近社区的谈判仍在继续，其他选项没有谈判意思准确，因此D选项符合题意。6. 单选题People from different cultures have different（ ） of the world.问题1选项A.impressionsB.foundationsC.complicationsD.conceptions【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项impressions“印象，效果”；B选项foundations“基础，地基”；C选项complications“并发症，复杂”；D选项conceptions“概念，设想”。句意：来自不同文化的人对世界有不同的（ ）。本句表示“不同的人对世界有不同的印象”。因此A选项符合题意。7. 单选题Their refusal to compromise is a major（ ） that stands in the way of further pace.问题1选项A.complicationB.dangerC.obstacleD.hazard【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项complication“ 并发症，复杂”；B选项danger“危险”；C选项obstacle“障碍”；D选项hazard“危险，风险”。句意：他们拒绝妥协是阻碍进一步发展的主要（ ）。这里原句表达的意思是“阻碍进一步发展的障碍”，因此C选项符合题意。8. 单选题The World Health Organization has released a report about how disease weakens the economies of poor countries. For years, people believed that good health is a direct result of strong economic development. However, this study suggests the opposite is true. It says that strong economic development is an important result of improved health.An international committee of economists and experts in public health and policy carried out the study. Some people say the study is the most complete examination to link financial aids in health care to economic growth.The study calls for a large increase in foreign aid for health care services in developing countries. In the worlds richest countries, total spending for health care for each person is almost $2, 000 a year. However, in the worlds poorest nations, spending on health care for each person is only $13 a year.The WHO says this amount should be increased to $38 a year for each person by 2015. The money would help poor nations provide treatment for diseases. It would also provide babies with important health care early in life.Jeffrey Sachs of Harvard University led the study. He says about eight million lives could be saved each year if the richest nations increased spending on health care in developing countries. In addition, Mister Sachs says more than fifty of the worlds poorest countries would have a chance to improve the living and economic conditions for their people.The report also provides new information about how AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria（疟疾）affect economic growth in developing countries. The researchers suggest 8, 000 million dollars be provided each year to help fight these diseases.The WHO plans to send the study to many officials around the world including heads of state, ministers of finance, health and trade, members of national parliaments and non-governmental organizations. It says the report is a valuable guide for future international health programs, policies and financing.1.What relationship is there between economy and health according to the passage?2.If spending on health is increased in developing countries, the following will come true except that（ ）.3.Spending on health care for each person in the worlds poorest countries in 2015 is（ ）at present.4.The study will be sent to all the following except（ ）.5.Which of the following is not mentioned in this passage?问题1选项A.Disease weakens the economies of rich countries.B.Health has little effect on the economies of rich countries.C.Disease results in weak economies.D.Good health results from strong economic development.问题2选项A.eight million lives will be savedB.people in the poorest countries will have enough money for their livingC.fifty poor countries will improve their living conditionD.economic conditions will be improved in the poorest countries问题3选项A.the same as thatB.about twice as much as thatC.about three times as much as thatD.about four times as much as that问题4选项A.members of non-governmental organizations and ministers of healthB.ministers of finance and members of national parliamentsC.ministers of trade and heads of stateD.members of international health programs问题5选项A.Health care for babies in poor countries has improved.B.Total spending for health care is higher in rich countries than in poor ones.C.If the richest countries gave financial aids to developing countries, many lives could be saved.D.This report will be sent to many officials around the world.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.判断推理题。题干问：根据文章，经济和健康之间的关系是什么？C选项“疾病导致经济疲软”，定位到第一段第一句话The World Health Organization has released a report about how disease weakens the economies of poor countries.（世界卫生组织发布了一份关于疾病如何削弱贫穷国家经济的报告。）因此答案为C。A选项“疾病削弱了富裕国家的经济”，B选项“健康对富裕国家的经济影响不大”，D选项“良好的健康源于强劲的经济发展”。2.判断推理题。题干问：如果发展中国家花费在健康上的费用增加，那么以下除了哪个以外都会发生？A选项“800万人的生命将被拯救”，B选项“最贫穷国家的人民将有足够的钱维持生活”，C选项“50个贫穷国家将改善他们的生活条件”，D选项“最贫穷国家的经济状况将得到改善”；根据题干定位到倒数第三段He says about eight million lives could be.their people.（他说，大约800万条生命可能是他们的人。）根据这一段话我们可以得出只有B选项是没有提及的，因此答案为B。3.事实细节题。题干问：2015年世界上最贫穷国家的每个人的卫生保健支出与现在相比是（ ）。C选项“是现在的三倍”，根据题干可以定位到第三段和第四段spending on health care for each person is only $13 a year（每人每年的卫生保健支出仅为13美元）以及The WHO says this amount should be increased to $38 a year for each person by 2015（到2015年，这一数字应该增加到每人每年38美元。）38美元接近是13美元的三倍，因此答案为C。A选项“与现在一样”，B选项“是现在的两倍”，D选项“是现在的四倍”；4.事实细节题。题干：这篇研究将会被送到以下所有地方，除了（ ）。A选项“非政府组织成员和卫生部长”，B选项“财政部长和各国议会议员”，C选项“贸易部长和国家元首”，D选项“国际健康计划的成员”；根据题干我们可以定位到最后一段plans to send the study to many officials around the world including heads of state, ministers of finance, health and trade, members of national parliaments and non-governmental organizations.（计划向世界各地的许多官员，包括国家元首、财政部长、卫生部长和贸易部长、各国议会成员和非政府组织发送研究报告。）其中只有members of international health programs（国际健康计划的成员们）是没有包含的，因此答案为D。5.判断推理题。题干问：以下哪项是文章所没有提及的？A选项“贫穷国家的婴儿保健已经得到改善”，B选项“富国在医疗保健方面的总支出比穷国高”，C选项“如果最富有的国家向发展中国家提供财政援助，许多人的生命可以得到拯救”，D选项“这份报告将送交世界各地的许多官员”。B选项在第三段的最后两句提到了；C选项在第五段的第二句话有提及；D选项在最后一段的第一句话有说到，只有A选项是全文没有提到的，因此答案为A。9. 单选题Peering through the darkness, the traveler could（ ）lights in the distance and then he doubled his pace.问题1选项A.perceiveB.discernC.recognizeD.visualize【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项perceive“理解，认知，感觉”；B选项discern“隐约可见，觉察出，识别”；C选项recognize“认出，识别”；D选项visualize“形象，形象化”。句意：透过黑暗，旅行者可以（ ）远处有灯光，于是他加快了脚步。这里因为是透过黑暗，所以应该是“隐约可见灯光”，因此B选项符合题意。10. 单选题W. Somerset Maugham afterwards walked the wards of St. Thomass Hospital（ ）practicing in medicine.问题1选项A.with a view toB.with regards toC.with the aim atD.with the object for【答案】A【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项with a view to“着眼于，考虑到，意在，以为目的”，表示会尽力去完成自己所追求的这件事；B选项with regards to“关于，至于”；C选项with the aim at“为了”，aim常指短期内的目标，往往比较具体、实际、明确，不是理想性的，努力程度一般；D选项with the object for“目的是”，object常指比较明确具体的单个目标，往往出于直接的需要和愿望，没有明确表明是否会尽力。句意：后来，W.萨默塞特毛姆走进圣托马斯医院的病房，（ ）行医。而毛姆是想要迫切做好这件事的，因此A选项符合题意。11. 单选题During his two-month stay in China, Tom never（ ）a chance to practice his Chinese.问题1选项A.passed onB.passed upC.passed byD.passed out【答案】B【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A选项“向前移动，转移”；B选项“某人拒绝，放过机会”；C选项“机会等从旁边过去”；D选项“分发，分配”，句意：汤姆在中国待了两个月，从来（ ）机会练习中文。本句想表示的是“从不放过学习英语的机会”，因此B选项符合题意。12. 单选题This young man,（ ）with a craving for materialistic gratification, cares about nothing but money.问题1选项A.obsessedB.negotiatedC.compromisedD.provided【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项obsessed“着迷，纠缠”；B选项negotiated“谈判，协商”；C选项compromised“妥协，连累”；D选项provided“提供，给予”。句意：这个年轻人，_追求物质上的满足，除了钱什么都不关心。考查了固定搭配obsess with“痴迷于某事”，而这里也是说的年轻人痴迷于物质，因此A选项符合题意。13. 单选题According to the latest report, consumer confidence（ ）a breathtaking 15 points last month, to its lowest level in 9 years.问题1选项A.soaredB.mutatedC.plummetedD.fluctuated【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“飙升，骤然上升”；B选项“突变，变成”；C选项“骤降，暴跌”；D选项“上下波动”，句意：根据最新的报告，上个月消费者信心指数（ ）惊人的15点，达到了9年来的最低水平。既然说了是最低水平，那么句意应该是“下降了惊人的15个点”，因此C选项符合题意。14. 单选题The sun is very l